有机和生物晶体固态核磁共振参数的准确预测

理论计算有助于复杂的有机和生物系统光谱的鉴定.对于核磁共振光谱,固体结晶中的化学位移和四极耦合常数(QCC)受到邻近的分子和晶格的氢键和范德华作用较大的影响,从而显示出与气态单体分子不同的NMR参数.因此,在固体晶体NMR参数的理论计算中有必要将氢键和范德华作用这两个因素考虑进来.基于周期性方法,本文采用L-Ala-Gly二肽和硝基苯晶体作为模型体系来考察该方法计算NMR参数的精度.研究结果显示周期结构模型能够将分子间的氢键和范德华作用考虑进来,得到的化学位移和QCC值明显优于传统的单分子模型和超分子模型得到的结果,采用该方法计算的结果能够重现NMR实验结果.     

辣根过氧化物酶/多壁碳纳米管修饰铂电极生物传感器用于过氧化氢的循环伏安测定

将1mg多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT's)分散在5mL的0.5g·L~(-1)壳聚糖溶液中后,滴涂在铂电极表面,制得多壁碳纳米管修饰电极。将上述修饰电极在辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)溶液中浸泡8h,在MWCNT's修饰电极表面静电吸附辣根过氧化物酶,制成过氧化氢生物传感器,用于过氧化氢的测定。试验结果表明:在pH 6.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,HRP/MWCNT's修饰电极对过氧化氢具有明显的电催化还原作用,过氧化氢的浓度在3.5×10~(-5)～9.0×10~(-3)mol·L~(-1)范围内与其还原峰电流呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为2.4×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)。用标准加入法作回收试验,回收率在96.0%～101.8%之间。     

新席夫碱与铜(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅲ)在溶液中的配位反应研究

以1-(3-吡啶基)-1,3-丁二酮和1,3-二(2-胺基苯氧基)-2-丙醇进行缩合得到席夫碱1,3-二(2-胺基苯氧基)-2-丙醇缩双1-(3-吡啶基)丁烷-1,3-丁二酮(L),并通过单晶X射线衍射解析了Schiff碱配体(L)的结构。进一步将Schiff碱配体L与金属铜髤、铁髥进行配位反应。采用UV-Vis光谱技术,分别测定了铜髤、铁髥配合物的稳定常数。     

Pd/MWCNTs(多壁碳纳米管)催化剂的制备及其Heck反应催化活性

以浓硝酸处理后的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为载体,通过微波辅助法简单而快速地制备了高度分散、粒径均一的Pd/MWCNTs催化剂。利用XRD、HRTEM、XPS等手段对催化剂进行了表征。考察了Pd/MWCNTs催化剂对Heck反应的催化活性,并优化了反应温度、碱的种类和用量等反应条件。结果表明,Pd/MWCNTs在Heck反应中具有良好的催化活性。     

"化学反应原理"模块教学中几个问题的探讨

结合"化学反应原理"(选修4)模块的教学实践,对化学平衡常数的量纲、化学反应进行的方向和沉淀的转化等内容,在更高的层面上进行了深入探讨.     

萘乙酸在多壁碳纳米管-离子液体复合修饰电极上的电催化氧化及电分析方法

运用循环伏安法(CV),计时库仑法(CC),计时电流法(CA)研究了萘乙酸(NAA)在玻碳电极(GCE),多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极(MWCNTs/GCE)和多壁碳纳米管-离子液体修饰玻碳电极(MWCNTs-IL/GCE)上的电化学行为及电化学动力学性质.实验结果表明,NAA在GCE电极上于1.00V附近有一不可逆氧化峰...     

多壁碳纳米管-酰基吡唑啉酮复合膜修饰电极测定异烟肼

报道了一种修饰电极--多壁碳纳米管-酰基吡唑啉酮复合膜修饰玻碳电极(MWNTs/HPMαFP/GCE ),研究了异烟肼在此修饰电极上的电化学行为及反应机理.与裸GCE和MWNTs/GCE相比,异烟肼在MWNTs/HPMαFP/GCE上的氧化峰电流和检测灵敏度大大提高,表明多壁碳纳米管和酰基吡唑啉酮产生了协同增效作用.在...     

同结构GdIIIMII(M=Cu，Ni，Co，Fe，Mn)配合物磁性理论研究

基于DFT-BS方法,在不同泛函方法和基组下计算[CuIIGdIII{pyCO(OEt)py C(OH)(OEt)py}3]2+及3d-Gd异金属配合物的磁耦合常数,结果表明,PBE0/TZVP(Gd为SARC-DKH-TZVP)水平可用于描述其磁学性质。顺磁中心CuII、GdIII与桥联配位氧原子间存在较强的轨道相互作用,其磁轨道主要由GdIII的4fz3、4fz(x2-y2)轨道、CuII的3dx2-y2轨道和桥联配位原子O的p轨道组成。顺磁中心CuII离子以自旋离域作用为主,GdIII离子以自旋极化作用为主,顺磁中心CuII自旋离域作用对桥联氧原子的影响大于顺磁中心GdIII的自旋极化作用。在同结构3d-Gd配合物中,随着MII离子未成对电子的增加,顺磁中心间自旋密度平方差越大,顺磁中心MII和GdIII之间的反铁磁性贡献越大,其磁耦合常数越小。     

烯丙基化碳纳米管改善丙烯酸酯压敏胶的性能

本文利用γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)对多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)进行修饰使其表面接枝上烯丙基官能团,与丙烯酸酯类单体进行原位聚合,制备了一种耐高温丙烯酸酯压敏胶(PSA)。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、热重分析仪(TGA)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征了MWNTs和丙烯酸酯PSA的结构与性能,探讨了改性MWNTs的质量分数对PSA耐热性能和粘接性能的影响。 结果表明,与未改性的丙烯酸酯PSA相比,当改性MWNTs的质量分数为1.5%时,改性丙烯酸酯PSA的耐热性能和粘接性能最佳,热分解温度从360 ℃提高到了382 ℃,耐热温度从80 ℃提高到了155 ℃,初粘力、持粘力和180°剥离强度分别从2 h和13.66 N/(25 mm)(12号小球)提高到了27 h和17.34 N/(25 mm)(17号小球)。     

常见客体分子对笼型水合物晶格常数的影响

Natural gas hydrates are considered as ideal alternative energy resources for the future, and the relevant basic and applied research has become more attractive in recent years. The influence of guest molecules on the hydrate crystal lattice parameters is of great significances to the understanding of hydrate structural characteristics, hydrate formation/decomposition mechanisms, and phase stability behaviors. In this study, we test a series of artificial hydrate samples containing different guest molecules (e.g. methane, ethane, propane, iso-butane, carbon dioxide, tetrahydrofuran, methane + 2, 2-dimethylbutane, and methane + methyl cyclohexane) by a low-temperature powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Results show that PXRD effectively elucidates structural characteristics of the natural gas hydrate samples, including crystal lattice parameters and structure types. The relationships between guest molecule sizes and crystal lattice parameters reveal that different guest molecules have different controlling behaviors on the hydrate types and crystal lattice constants. First, a positive correlation between the lattice constants and the van der Waals diameters of homologous hydrocarbon gases was observed in the single-guest-component hydrates. Small hydrocarbon homologous gases, such as methane and ethane, tended to form sI hydrates, whereas relatively larger molecules, such as propane and iso-butane, generated sⅡ hydrates. The hydrate crystal lattice constants increased with increasing guest molecule size. The types of hydrates composed of oxygen-containing guest molecules (such as CO₂ and THF) were also controlled by the van der Waals diameters. However, no positive correlation between the lattice constants and the van der Waals diameters of guest molecules in hydrocarbon hydrates was observed for CO₂ hydrate and THF hydrate, probably due to the special interactions between the guest oxygen atoms and hydrate "cages". Furthermore, the influences of the macromolecules and auxiliary small molecules on the lengths of the different crystal axes of the sH hydrates showed inverse trends. Compared to the methane + 2, 2-dimethylbutane hydrate sample, the length of the a-axis direction of the methane + methyl cyclohexane hydrate sample was slightly smaller, whereas the length of the c-axis direction was slightly longer. The crystal a-axis length of the sH hydrate sample formed with nitrogen molecules was slightly longer, whereas the c-axis was shorter than that of the methane + 2, 2-dimethylbutane hydrate sample at the same temperature.