跨超声速风洞扩散段流动分离控制设计参数研究

为抑制跨超声速风洞扩散段的分离,提出了一种较为完备的设计方法。由于影响扩散段性能的参数较多,完全通过试验方法进行设计的成本过高,该方法通过数值模拟,结合适当的边界条件,详细描述了扩散段角度、分流锥角度与长度、孔板开孔率对扩散段性能的影响;从数值模拟的结果可以看出,孔板开孔率和扩开角对扩散段性能有显著影响,通过比较得出较为合理的参数匹配,提高了扩散段的防分离性能,并改善了出口气流质量。数值结果与试验结果结论一致,表明本文所用的方法用于扩散段气动设计是可行的,为数值模拟方法应用于风洞部段气动设计创造了一定的条件。     

Numerical simulation of flows over 2D and 3D backward-facing inclined steps

The work deals with the numerical solution of incompressible turbulent flow in a channel with a backward-facing step having various inclination angles. Also, the inclination of upper wall is considered. The mathematical model is based on the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations. The governing equations are closed by the explicit algebraic Reynolds stress (EARSM) model according to Wallin and Johansson or by linear eddy viscosity models (SST, TNT k–ω). The numerical solution is carried out by the implicit finite-volume method based on the artificial compressibility and by the finite-element method amd both approaches compared. The numerical simulations use as reference the experimental data by Makiola and Driver and Seegmiller in large aspect ratio channels. In these cases, the results are obtained by 2D and 3D simulations. Further narrow channel PIV experimental data are used as reference for 3D simulations.     

S形扩张管道三维流场的数值模拟

采用改进的Beam-Warirling格式离散完全Navier-Stokes方程数值模拟了矩形变截面S形扩张管道内部亚跨声速层流流动,给出了流场的细致结构,并与文献[1]的计算结果进行了比较.结果表明:流场基本特性一致,二次流则较为清晰合理.     

直排型DF/HF化学激光器扩压器喉道最佳长度实验研究

 为了研究扩压器喉道长度对直排型连续波DF/HF化学激光器起动特性的影响,建立了一套化学激光器气流通道双喷管小型实验模型。在无二次流的条件下,通过选用喉道长度不同的扩压器进行实验,分别得到对应的起动压力和工作压力,并将起动压力和工作压力的大小作为评价扩压器喉道长度优劣的依据。实验数据显示,对于该特定结构的直排型DF/HF激光器气流通道双喷管实验模型,扩压器喉道最佳长度为等效直径的17倍。     

FTO质子照相中扩束器的设计

 为了达到最佳的扩束效果和充分利用束流,从多次库仑散射角、能量损失和透射率这三个方面确定扩束器的材料类型。对均方根多次库仑散射(MCS)、质子能量损失和质子的透过率的研究都表明单位面质量下材料原子序数越大,扩束效果越好。再结合成本和适用性确定扩束器的材料为钨。同时,从探测器接收到的质子通量均匀而噪声影响小的角度,确定了扩束器的厚度。研究结果为：没有准直器的情形下,扩束器的厚度为3.1 cm;准直器角度为3.0 mrad时,扩束器厚度为2.4 cm。     

合肥光源单束团下束团长度和能散的测量

根据同步光与储存环中的束流信号具有相同的时间结构的原理,测量同步光脉冲的半高全宽值可以计算出束团的长度。根据合肥光源的特点和实际需要,选择快速光电接收器搭配高速高带宽示波器作为在线测量束团长度和纵向分布等的主要手段。对单束团模式下束团长度随流强和高频腔腔压的变化趋势进行了测量。测量结果表明:束团长度与腔压的0.3次方成反比,比理论值0.5小;而束团长度随流强的增长率为2.0 ps/mA。通过测量纵向量子寿命进行了能散随流强变化的间接测量,结果表明,束团的拉伸是能散变化和势阱效应共同作用的结果。     

Precise autofocusing microscope with rapid response

The rapid on-line or off-line automated vision inspection is a critical operation in the manufacturing fields. Accordingly, this present study designs and characterizes a novel precise optics-based autofocusing microscope with a rapid response and no reduction in the focusing accuracy. In contrast to conventional optics-based autofocusing microscopes with centroid method, the proposed microscope comprises a high-speed rotating optical diffuser in which the variation of the image centroid position is reduced and consequently the focusing response is improved. The proposed microscope is characterized and verified experimentally using a laboratory-built prototype. The experimental results show that compared to conventional optics-based autofocusing microscopes, the proposed microscope achieves a more rapid response with no reduction in the focusing accuracy. Consequently, the proposed microscope represents another solution for both existing and emerging industrial applications of automated vision inspection.     

COIL超扩段监测系统的研制

 为了研究光腔超扩段的几何外形和内部结构等物理参量，设计了一套实时数据采集和监测系统，硬件以研祥公司的PCI总线高性能数据采集卡（DAS）为核心，软件以VB6.0为开发平台。通过该系统，可以对超扩段内各点气流压力进行高精度测量，有利于光腔超扩段的优化设计。     

Direct Fabrication of Surface Relief Holographic Diffusers in Azobenzene Polymer Films

We propose a direct fabrication of light diffusers using azobenzene polymer films. Holographic recordings of surface relief diffusers are formed on the polymer film by exposure to an Nd:YAG laser (532 nm) through source diffusion materials. No post-treatment is needed, and it can be erased by heating or irradiating uniform laser beam. Diffusion pattern can be controlled by the polarization of the laser. Transmittance of over 88% is obtained at the wavelength of 633 nm.     

Laminar Heat Transfer of a Swirled Flow in a Conical Diffuser. Self-similar Solution

Heat transfer in a laminar swirled air flow in the divergent channel between a disk and a cone whose vertex touches the disk is studied. A self-similar solution of the Navier-Stokes and energy equations is derived using group analysis. An exact numerical solution of the problem is obtained for different radial-to-tangential velocity ratios at the channel inlet.