富镧混合稀土对ZL101A合金组织和机械性能的影响

研究了富镧混合稀土对ＺＬ１０１Ａ合金的铸态、固溶态、Ｔ６状态、重熔态的组织和机械性能的影响，提出了混合稀土中入量低压铸造整体车轮合理的热处理状态。     

Formation of Bi-Sb, Bi-Sn, and Bi-Sb-Sn Nanoclusters in Silica Xerogel Matrices from Mixed-Metal Oxide Precursors

Homogeneous mixed-metal oxides of the general formula (Bi/E/Si)O _x , where E represents a dopant element (E=Sb, Sn, or Sb/Sn), can be prepared using typical sol-gel processing techniques. Reduction of the in-situ Bi(III) and E ions by hydrogen affords nanocomposites of Bi-Sb, Bi-Sn, or Bi-Sb-Sn widely dispersed throughout the silica xerogel matrix. The materials prepared have high Bi-E metal loading of 52–60 wt. % containing Bi-E alloy nanoclusters of 12–15 nm average diameter. These results demonstrate a convenient method for the production of practical quantities of nanostructured bismuth alloy ceramic composites at high metal content.     

锆系Laves相储氢合金电极的性能研究

Ｚｒ（Ｖ０．２Ｍｎ０．２Ｍｏ０．０６Ｎｉ０．５４）２．４合金经ＨＦ溶液处理后，合金表面由富Ｚｒ和富Ｍｎ层转变成富Ｎｉ层，从而使电极初期活化周期明显缩短，电极表面氢吸附性能改善。表面反应电阻减小。本文探讨了上述电极表面反应机理，即表面Ｎｉ的催化、氢吸附和氢转移机理，对阻抗谱进行拟合，给出了相应的电极反应等效电路。     

高分子合金分离膜材料及结构研究进展

膜材料液相共混制备高分子合金分离膜不但可以调节膜材料与被分离物的亲和性，也在一定程度上改变了膜的结构。本文介绍高分子材料浓相共混对膜材料的亲水性、耐污染性及其它理化性能的影响和对膜结构的调节作用，同时指出高分子材料间的相容性是影响合金膜结构的重要因素。     

X-射线荧光光谱法测定钛铁中的硅、锰、磷、铝

介绍用X-射线荧光光谱仪测定钛铁中Si、Mn、P、Al含量的方法,通过试验确定了合适的研磨时间、压力和保压时间,用压片法制样,建立了各元素的工作曲线,各元素的测定范围分别为Si3.00%～6.00%,Mn1.00%～3.00%,P0.030%～0.070%,Al5.00%～9.00%。通过强度测量得到测定Si、Mn、P、Al的相对标准偏差分别为0.074%、0.308%、0.383%、0.040%,精密度满足测试要求。将该方法测定结果与化学法比对,准确度满足国家标准方法分析误差的要求。     

镁及镁合金中微量磷的测定方法研究

磷与钼酸铵形成磷钼杂多酸络幌物,用乙酸丁酯萃取分离,用SnCl2还原反萃取后借磷钼蓝光度法测定镁及镁合金中微量磷。在波长700 nm处工作曲线线性范围0~1.5μg/mL,相关系数为0.9995,络合物表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1.45×104L.mol-1.cm-1,相对标准偏差在1.40%~3.10%之间,加标回收率在99.3%~101.0%之间,本法与ICP法相对照结果比较满意。     

Characterization of non‐Cr‐based deoxidizers on Al alloy 7475‐T7651

The effects of three non‐chromate‐based deoxidizers, namely NaBrO₃/HNO₃, (NH₄)₄Ce(SO₄)₄/H₂SO₄ and Fe(III)/HF/HNO₃, on the Al alloy 7475‐T7651 were investigated. Several analytical methods were employed, including SEM, AES, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron energy‐loss spectroscopy (EELS) and glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GDOES), to study the effects on the surface of this alloy after each treatment compared with the as‐received and alkaline‐cleaned alloy surfaces. The untreated alloy was found to have a thick oxide of 200–320 nm, consisting mainly of MgO. Alkaline cleaning results in an etching effect that thins the oxide and also deposits a thin silicate layer on the surface. In the case of the deoxidizers, there is significant removal of the native oxide of the alloy by the NaBrO₃/HNO₃ deoxidizer. There is also evidence of intermetallic attack on the alloy. The (NH₄)₄Ce(SO₄)₄/H₂SO₄ deoxidizer, which is a low‐etch‐rate deoxidizer, resulted in a slight thinning of the oxide. However, the effect was not significantly greater than with alkaline cleaning alone. The most effective deoxidizer in reducing the oxide thickness of the alloy is Fe(III)/HF/HNO₃, in which the etch rate was sufficiently high to remove completely the native oxide. In this case, equilibrium between oxide removal and the formation of new oxides on the alloy surface was achieved. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

非对称碰撞约束下形状记忆合金梁的随机响应与分岔

形状记忆合金(SMA)是二十一世纪具有形状记忆效应的新型智能材料.针对具有非对称约束的SMA梁,本文构造了碰撞振动系统.在无碰撞和有碰撞两种情况下,利用随机平均法给出了近似解析结果.数值模拟作为验证解析结果的工具.结果表明,系统能量的概率响应曲线具有非光滑特性.当约束位置发生变化时,系统会出现随机P分岔和D分岔.     

稀土元素在LD30铝合金真空钎焊中的作用

研究了添加La和Ce的Al-Si基钎料真空钎焊LD30铝合金接头的力学性能，微观组织形貌和EDS，并与未添加稀土元素的Al-Si基钎料真空钎焊接头进行对比。结果表明，添加稀土元素的LD30铝合金真空钎焊接头抗拉强度为288MPa，达母材抗拉强度的97．6％，明显高于未添加稀土的LD30合金真空钎焊接头。其机制在于La,Ce能够明显提高Al-Si基钎料与LD30铝合金的润湿性能，改善LD30铝合金真空钎焊接头焊缝及其基体中杂质元素的分布，促进钎料和母材中各元素的均匀扩散，从而提高真空钎焊接头的力学性能。     

Al3Ti1B1RE细化剂对罐用铝材的细化效果及稀土的作用

采用XRD，OM，SEM，EDAX等探讨了一种新型Al3Ti1B1RE中间合金细化剂对罐用铝材的细化效果及RE的作用。结果表明，该细化剂对罐用铝材的细化效果优于进口和国产Al3Ti1B，且具有长效性，达6h后仍未见明显衰退，明显提高了该材料的强度和塑性；其细化效果及稳定性好的主要原因是：RE可降低铝液的表面能，增加铝液对细化核心(如TiAl3，TiB2)的润湿性，既充分发挥了异质形核作用，又防止了TiB2聚集沉淀倾向；RE也极易在结晶前沿富集造成成分过冷，阻碍了α-Al晶粒生长，并促进其在细化核心上形核；此外RE还兼有一定的净化、细化和变质作用，尤其是净化作用提高了该细化剂的冶金质量。