Green,ultrafine cellulose-based porous nanofibrous membranes for efficient heavy metal removal through incorporation of chitosan by various electrospinning ways

Rapid global industrialization has worsened the heavy metal contamination of aquatic ecosystems globally. In this study, green, ultrafine cellulose-based porous nanofibrous membranes for efficient heavy metal removal were obtained by incorporating chitosan (CS) and using conventional and core–shell electrospinning ways. The relationship between the parameters of the electrospinning solution, the micro-morphology and porosity, the chemically active sites, the thermal stability, and the adsorption performance of the biocomposite nanofibrous membranes were analyzed. The adsorption effects of the copper ions, including the initial concentration, solution pH, and interaction time, were investigated. The results show that the average diameters of the conventional and core–shell ultrafine nanofibers with 50% and 30% CS loading are 56.22 nm and 37.28 nm, respectively. The core–shell cellulose acetate (CA)/CS biocomposite nanofibrous membranes showed the weaker thermal stability with a 48.2 °C lower maximum thermal decomposition temperature and induced the surface aggregation of more copper ions compared to the conventional one. A more uniform distribution of the chemical adsorption sites is obtained by conventional single-nozzle electrospinning than by core–shell electrospinning, which effectively promotes the adsorption performance of copper ions and decreases the surface shrinkage of the nanofibrous membranes during adsorption. The 30% CS conventional nanofibrous membranes at an aqueous solution pH of 5 showed the optimum adsorption capacity of copper ions (86.4 mg/g). The smart combination of renewable biomass with effective chemical adsorption sites, electrospinning technology that produces an interwoven porous structure, and an adsorption method with low cost and facile operation shows a promising prospect for water treatment.

     

磺酰氯与不饱和化合物的反应

磺酰氯是一类重要的有机合成中间体,广泛应用于有机和药物合成中。磺酰氯可以作为烯砜、磺酰基、次磺酰基、芳基、氟代烷基等的来源应用于多种有机合成反应中。本文综述了磺酰氯与烯烃、炔烃、(杂)芳香环、亚胺、卤代醛酮等不饱和化合物的反应,主要包括[2+2]环合反应、氯磺酰化、磺酰化、次磺酰化、芳基化和氟代烷基化等反应,并讨论和预测了磺酰氯与不饱和化合物反应今后的发展方向。     

Microwave-assisted one-pot synthesis of 1-indanones from arenes and alpha,beta-unsaturated acyl chlorides

A series of 1-indanones were synthesized in good yields via tandem Friedel-Crafts acylation and Nazarov cyclization of arenes and alpha,beta-unsaturated acyl chlorides in the presence of aluminum chloride under microwave irradiation.     

Asymmetric Michael addition of nitroalkanes to nitroalkenes catalyzed by C2-symmetric tridentate bis(oxazoline) and bis(thiazoline) zinc complexes

The first asymmetric synthesis of 1,3-dinitro compounds through Michael addition of nitroalkanes to nitroalkenes catalyzed by C2-symmetric chiral tridentate bis(oxazoline) and bis(thiazoline) zinc complexes was achieved with high enantioselectivities (up to 95% ee).     

手性乙烯基二联苯单体的合成与螺旋选择性聚合反应

设计、合成了一系列含有手性烷氧基末端的乙烯基二联苯单体,进行了普通自由基、原子转移自由基以及负离子聚合反应.所有单体中,只有手性烷氧基苯基位于乙烯基邻位的聚合物的比旋光度与其单体相比有比较大的区别,且在对应于其侧基的紫外吸收处呈现明显不同于单体的Cotton效应,说明可能形成了某一方向占优的螺旋构象.在所研究范围内,聚合条件和聚合物分子量对聚合物的旋光度没有明显的影响.比较负离子聚合和自由基聚合所获得聚合物的比旋光度发现,负离子聚合有利于增加聚合物螺旋链构象的完整性.切除能形成螺旋链的聚合物侧基上的手性烷氧基,所得到的聚合物虽然不含手性原子但依然表现出光学活性,说明其具有一定的手性记忆效应.     

An effective and in-situ method based tresyl-functionalized porous polymer material for enrichment and digestion of membrane proteins and its application in extraction tips

Membrane proteins are one of promising targets for drug discovery because of the unique properties in physiological processes. Due to their low abundance and extremely hydrophobic nature, the analysis of membrane proteins is still a great challenge. In this work, an effective and in-situ method were developed to enrich and digest membrane proteins by adopting tresyl-functionalized porous polymer material. With tresyl groups, the material can effectively immobilize membrane proteins via covalent bonding on the surface. The material became a facile carrier to enrich membrane proteins from the rat liver in detergents and organic solvents owing to its outstanding binding capacity and excellent biocompatibility. Moreover, it was further applied in extraction tips to capture and in-situ digest the pretreatment membrane proteins in two different solutions. A total of 600 membrane proteins (51% of total protein groups) and 359 transmembrane proteins were identified by nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS in 4% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and similar results were achieved in the 60% methanol solution. All these results demonstrated that the new approach is of great promise for large-scale characterization of membrane proteins.     

Oligomerization and hydroamination of terminal alkynes promoted by the cationic organoactinide compound [(Et2N)3U][BPh4

The three ancillary amido moieties in the cationic complex [(Et2N)3U][BPh4] are highly reactive and are easily replaced when the complex is treated with primary amines. The reaction of [(Et2N)3U][BPh4] with excess tBuNH2 allows the formation of the cationic complex [(tBuNH2)3(tBuNH)3U][BPh4]. X-ray diffraction studies on the complex indicate that three amido and three amine ligands are arranged around the cationic metal center in a slightly distorted octahedral mer geometry. The cationic complex reacts with primary alkynes in the presence of external primary amines to primarily afford the unexpected cis dimer and, in some cases, the hydroamination products are obtained concomitantly. The formation of the cis dimer is the result of an envelope isomerization through a metal-cyclopropyl cationic complex. In the reaction of the bulkier alkyne tBuC identical to CH with the cationic uranium complex in the presence of various primary amines, the cis dimer, one trimer, and one tetramer are obtained regioselectively, as confirmed by deuterium labeling experiments. The trimer and the tetramer correspond to consecutive insertions of an alkyne molecule into the vinylic CH bond trans to the bulky tert-butyl group. The reaction of (TMS) C identical to CH with the uranium catalyst in the presence of EtNH2 followed a different course and produced the gem dimer along with the hydroamination imine as the major product. However, when other bulkier amines were used (iPrNH2 or tBuNH2) both hydroamination isomeric imines Z and E were obtained. During the catalytic reaction, the E (kinetic) isomer is transformed into the most stable Z (thermodynamic) isomer. The unique reactivity of the alkyne (TMS) C identical to CH with the secondary amine Et2NH is remarkable because it afforded the trans dimer and the corresponding hydroamination enamine. The latter probably results from the insertion of the alkyne into a secondary metal-amide bond, followed by protonolysis.     

Synthesis of C3-symmetric tris(beta-hydroxy amide) ligands and their Ti(IV) complex-catalyzed enantioselective alkynylation of aldehydes

[reaction: see text]. A series of new chiral C3-symmetric tris(beta-hydroxy amide) ligands have been synthesized via the reaction of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic chloride and optically pure amino alcohols (up to 96% yield). The asymmetric catalytic alkynylation of aldehydes with these new C3-symmetric chiral tris(beta-hydroxy amide) ligands and Ti (O(i)'Pr)4 was investigated. Ligand 4c synthesized from (1R,2S)-(-)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethanol is effective for the enantioselective alkynylation of various aldehydes, and high enantioselectivity was obtained with aromatic aldehydes and alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde (up to 92% ee).     

Synthesis and structure of a novel MoFe_4S_4 cubane-like cluster (Me_3PhCH_2N)_2[MoFe_4S_4(SC_6H_(11))_7]

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