热物质中离子组态分布对光电过程的影响

基于含温有界全相对论自洽场平均原子模型,用最大熵原理确定离子类型的出现概率,用微扰方法计算离子结构并用统计的方法对数以百万计的离子贡献作了求和计算。最后,给出了热物质中光电消光系数的统计求和公式。     

Recursive method for opacity expansion at finite temperature

Using a reaction operator approach, we derive the multiple-scattering induced gluon number distribution function to all orders in powers of opacity at finite temperature. The detailed balance effect is analyzed by taking into account both gluon emission and absorption in a thermal medium. We also calculate virtual corrections and show that the infrared divergence cancels out in the gluon distribution function at finite temperature.     

Analysis of the Opacity of Magnesium XII 0.842 nm Doublet in the Solar Coronal X-ray Spectrum

Using the observed intensity ratio of the magnesium XII 0.842 nm doublet in the solar coronal X-ray spectrum, we investigate the opacity of the (1/2–3/2) component of the magnesium XII doublet. The escape factor and the opacity of the (1/2–3/2) component of the magnesium XII 0.842 nm doublet are discussed. Results show that the opacity has great effect on the (1/2–3/2) component of the magnesium XII 0.842 nm doublet. While using the abundance of magnesium and the results of ionization balance, we calculate the variation of electron density as a function of observed intensity ratio.     

Effects of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions on numerical simulations of inertial confinement fusion plasmas

Effects of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) condition on emission and hydrodynamics of typical inertial confinement fusion (ICF) plasmas are studied. The average degree of ionization at high temperatures is seen to be much lower compared to the values obtained from Thomas-Fermi scaling or Saha equation for high-Z element like gold. LTE and non-LTE predictions for emitted radiation from laser-driven gold foil are compared with the experimental results and it is seen that non-LTE simulations show a marked improvement over LTE results. The effects of one group and multigroup, LTE and non-LTE approximations of radiation transport on hydrodynamic parameters are studied for laser-driven aluminium and gold foils. It is further seen that non-LTE and multigroup effects play an important role in predicting conversion efficiency of laser light to X-rays.     

Measurement of atmospheric opacity at 278 GHz at McMurdo Station, Antarctica in austral spring seasons, 1986 and 1987

We present a quasi-continuous record of measured atmospheric opacity obtained at 278 GHz (1.1 mm wavelength) from McMurdo Station, Antarctica during austral spring seasons in 1986 and 1987. McMurdo Station, at 78°S, 166°W, is easier to access than the Amundsen-Scott (South Pole) Station, although representing a warmer, sea level site with substantially higher typical opacity: the present record may be of interest to those contemplating mm-wave astronomical or atmospheric observations within the Antarctic region. Observations were made over a 256 MHz bandpass in 1986, during the period August 30 to October 30. In 1987, a 512 MHz bandpass was used, and observations were made during the period September 4 to October 13. All data are reduced to represent opacity in the zenith direction, and measurements were taken approximately every 20 minutes, except during storms or other periods of high opacity. The periods covered represent transitions from the polar winter towards summer conditions, and thus represent neither the best nor the worst that this site has to offer.     

Soft X-ray enhancement from porous target irradiated by high power sub-nanosecond laser beam and the effect of plasma opacity

In this paper, we investigate numerically the enhancement of the soft continuum X-ray yield emitted from porous aluminum targets irradiated by sub-nanosecond high power pulsed laser beam. The calculations were conducted for two different conditions: (i) ignoring plasma opacity, and (ii) including it in the calculations; and finally the results were compared. In the calculations, the main emission mechanisms were assumed to be the free–bound and free–free (bremsstrahlung) transitions at water windows wavelengths ranges 2.3–4.4 nm and also 12.6–14.6 nm, which is useful for lithography applications. The free–free and bound–free transitions were also considered for calculating the opacity. The results show that for both conditions, the X-ray yield rises with increasing the porosity and the increase rate is almost equal in both cases; however, the calculations are not appropriate for estimating the absolute values of the X-ray yield when the plasma opacity is ignored.     

碰撞参量和碰撞能量对化学反应的影响

通过交叉分子束与高分辨、高稳定的激光光谱方法研究运动学限制的态－态反应：Ba(^1So) HI(X1∑^ ,υ,J）→BaI(X2∑^ ,υ,J） H（^2S1/2）,并测得在Ba与HI的相对运动速度从850到1300m/s范围内产物BaI(υ=0,1,2)振动态的转动分布,得到碰撞参量对平动速度的依赖关系。如对BaI(υ=0）振动态,碰撞参量极大值从0.460变为0.390nm,碰撞参量的几率函数为截去头的高斯函数,较小的碰撞参量产生较高振动态和较低的转动态。叟相对运动速度为940m/s时,BaI（υ＝0,1,2）的碰撞参量极大值分别为0.460,0.453和0.446nm。该态－态反应截面随着碰撞能量的变化而变化。当BaI与HI的相对运动速度从850m/s变化到1300m/s时,反应截面先增大,达到极大值后逐步减小,在相对运动速度为1100m/s时,反应截面有一极大值,在较低相对运动速度时反应截面的变化趋势展现了反应有一能垒。     

DTA模型计算高温Fe等离子体的辐射不透明度

使用DTA(detailed term accounting)模型计算了温度为20eV、密度为0.01g×cm^-3的Fe等离子体的辐射不透明度.对于处于局域热动平衡(local thermodynamic equilibrium,LTE)下的Fe等离子体,使用Saha方程计算出各价离子的丰度.使用MCHF方法得到了Fe离子的能级以及束缚-束缚跃迁的振子强度,考虑了Doppler展宽和碰撞展宽的谱线展宽机制,谱线线型采用Voigt线型.束缚-自由以及自由-自由吸收截面分别使用DCA及AA模型得到.所得的结果与美国Los Anamos National Laboratory(LANL)使用LEDCOP程序计算的结果进行了对比,两种结果符合很好.     

基于跃迁系不可分辨方法的辐射不透明度

描述了基于跃迁系不可分辨(UTA)辐射不透明度的计算方法,给出了锗(Ge)和铝(Al)的计算结果,并同实验测量结果作了比较。     

激光与材料相互作用研究中的气体物理学

强激光辐照材料时,烧蚀蒸气吸收部分或全部激光辐射,成为部分离化等离子体.它的传播称为激光支持的吸收波(LSAW).LSAW屏蔽入射激光,同时发射易被材料表面吸收的短波长辐射.研究这些过程,可用辐射流体力学描述蒸气的运动。为了求解辐射流体力学方程,必须利用气体物理力学方法,算出蒸气的状态方程和不透明度.本文对涉及的一些气体物理力学问题,进行了概略介绍.