氧的阳极析出过程的研究Ⅰ.碱溶液中氧在铂、低碳钢电极上阳极析出动力学

本文用稳定的极化曲线法研究了碱溶液中氧在铂和低碳钢电极上的阳极析出过程,并研究了OH^-、Cl^-、CNS^-、Li⁺、Na⁺和K⁺等离子对过程的影响。稳态的动力学数据表明,氧在上述阳极析出过程的机理符合电化学放电的规律,过程的速率由第二电子转移步骤所控制,即MOH_ad+OH^-—→MO_ad+H₂O+e。     

溶剂萃取动力学的研究 II: 三辛基氧化膦从盐酸体系中萃取铀(IV)的速率

The kinetics of the oxtraction of U(IV) chloride in the TOPO-HCl system has been studied using the single drop technique, The effects of the concentrations of U(IV, TOPO and HCl on the extraction rate for U(IV) have been examined. The extraction rate measured were found to be of first order with respect to (U(IV)) and (TOPO) (0). Moreover, the rate varied with (HCl)^3^/^2 between 2-7M hydrochloric acid. The extraction rate equation can be written as R=K(U(IV))(TOPO)(0) The rate constant K was evaluated to be 3.7X10^-^5 at 3M HCl and 15`C. The extraction rate was increased with increasing temperature. The apparent activation energy was found to be 10.8 kcal/mol between 15 to 45`C. It is suggested that the rate-controlling step may be the chemical reaction of UCl4 with TOPO at the interface and the formation of the interfacial complex UCL4.TOPO.     

起伏条件下不稳定射流压力振荡特性实验研究

蒸汽在过冷水中浸没射流凝结技术因其高效换热特性被广泛应用于陆地和海洋场景下的电力和核工业等许多工业领域中,但蒸汽凝结过程中汽液相界面变化会产生压力振荡。本文对起伏条件下不稳定射流的压力振荡特性进行了实验研究,获得了不同起伏参数对压力振荡特性的影响。结果表明,相比于静止条件下,不稳定射流在起伏运动下的压力振荡主频与压力振荡平均幅值更大,并且压力振荡主频和压力振荡平均幅值随着起伏幅值的增大而增大,随着起伏周期的增大而减小;起伏最大加速度幅度随着起伏周期的减小和起伏幅值的增大而增大,斯特劳哈尔数随着起伏最大附加加速度的增大而增大。     

巯基硅球石墨烯复合材料的合成与重金属离子吸附

采用一锅法和水热法分别合成了单分散巯基修饰氧化硅球（MFS）及其石墨烯超轻复合材料（MFSGA）。利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜等方法对MFS和MFSGA的材料结构和形貌进行表征。MFSGA表现出良好的结构强度,MFS在复合材料中均匀分散。考察了材料粒径、修饰剂种类等因素对MFS的形貌和表面结构的影响。采用X射线荧光法测试了MFS和MFSGA对Hg2+等重金属离子的吸附特性,二者对Hg2+的饱和吸附量分别为260.19和158.06 mg?g?1。MFS易于合成且应用经济性良好,MFSGA的结构稳定性良好、易于回收与重复利用,具有较大的应用潜力。