APPLICATION OF CHITOSAN-BASED BIOMATERIALS IN BIOARTIFICIAL LIVE

Bioartificial liver support system (BALS) has the potential to provide temporary support for patients with fulminant hepatic failure and consist of viable hepatocytes and scaffolding materials for hepatocytes attachment. Various scaffolding materials are used in BALS, including chitosan,which is easily obtained by deacetylation of chitin and widely applied in biomedical applications. In this paper, we introduce and discuses chitosan-based biomaterials for BALS application.     

基于六硼化镧与壳聚糖的光热转换生物材料

为实现光合细菌(PSB)产氢过程的光分频利用,用六硼化镧(LaB_6)和壳聚糖制备了光热转换发光发热生物材料,研究了不同LaB_6纳米颗粒的生物材料在可见光下的吸光特性和光热转换特性。研究发现:该生物材料能较好地透过510~650 nm波长的光为PSB产氢供给光能,而其他波段的光用于激发LaB_6粒子产热为PSB提供热能。LaB_6纳米颗粒的吸光度及光热转换能力受颗粒尺寸影响显著,当生物材料中LaB_6颗粒平均水力直径为295 nm时,12 min内的温升速率为0.41℃/min,是载玻片的5.4倍。     

About the special topic of mechanics and biomimetics of biomaterials and animal locomotion

Scientists have increasingly been turning their attentions to searching for inspirations from the splendid living world in order to solve various challenging problems of technologically importance. Rapid advances in observation techniques and computational ability will make it a reality to understand, at different time and space scales, the functions,     

《发光学报》征稿内容

<正>本刊征集凝聚态物质中和激发态过程研究有关的原创性论文。主要学术专题包括:1.无机、有机和生物材料的光致发光、电致发光和阴极射线发光及其应用;     

MULTISCALE MECHANICS OF BIOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICALLY INSPIRED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES

The world of natural materials and structures provides an abundance of applications in which mechanics is a critical issue for our understanding of functional material properties. In particular, the mechanical properties of biological materials and structures play an important role in virtually all physiological processes and at all scales, from the molecular and nanoscale to the macroscale, linking research fields as diverse as genetics to structural mechanics in an approach referred to as materiomics. Example cases that illustrate the importance of mechanics in biology include mechanical support provided by materials like bone, the facilitation of locomotion capabilities by muscle and tendon, or the protection against environmental impact by materials as the skin or armors. In this article we review recent progress and case studies, relevant for a variety of applications that range from medicine to civil engineering. We demonstrate the importance of fundamental mechanistic insight at multiple time- and length-scales to arrive at a systematic understanding of materials and structures in biology, in the context of both physiological and disease states and for the development of de novo biomaterials. Three particularly intriguing issues that will be discussed here include： First, the capacity of biological systems to turn weakness to strength through the utilization of multiple structural levels within the universality-diversity paradigm. Second, material breakdown in extreme and disease conditions. And third, we review an example where the hierarchical design paradigm found in natural protein materials has been applied in the development of a novel hiomaterial based on amyloid protein.     

生物材料聚酰胺-胺树状大分子在医学领域研究进展

聚酰胺－胺（PAMAM）树状大分子是一类新型纳米生物材料，这类分子可通过有机合成的方法精确控制分子的结构和相对分子质量，其独特的分子结构使之在许多领域获得广泛应用，本文着重介绍了PAMAM树状大分子作为基因载体，药物载体，磁共振造影剂和硼中子俘获治疗试剂等在医学领域中的研究进展。     

聚磷腈改性及其生物医学应用

聚磷腈是一种具有良好侧基功能化特性的高分子,通过接入不同侧基的聚磷腈与其它聚合物共混共聚,可以制备出具有不同性能的材料。本文介绍了目前关于国内外聚磷腈共混共聚的研究现状,并对聚磷腈改性在生物医学领域的应用及进展作了简要的介绍。     

组织工程用生物材料

组织工程用生物材料是材料科学与生命科学交叉融合的产物,本文简要综述了国内外组织工程用生物材料的研究现状及发展趋势,初步分析我国在组织工程用生物材料领域进一步开展研究需要注意的问题。     

组织工程与生物可降解高分子骨架

从骨架的作用、骨架的材料要求,骨架的制备技术和应用几个方面对组织工程生物可隆解高分子骨架的工作进展进行了综述,对该研究领域的前景进行了展望。