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介绍了在已知环形轴对称等离子体平衡位形的条件下,建立磁力线为直线的坐标系的方法。该坐标系被广泛应用于托卡马克等离子体的磁流体稳定性和动理论物理问题的理论分析,但文献中对坐标系建立方法却很少有介绍。结合几类托卡马克位形和球形环位形,对该类坐标系的特征进行了分析。     

与太阳电池研究相适配的双原点坐标系

光生电流是太阳电池电流方程中的一个关键数值,但在单原点坐标系中无法进行标示,因此设计了双原点坐标系.在双原点坐标系中,通过对基尔霍夫电流定律如何进行标示的讨论,实现了太阳电池等效电路中各电流项和电压项的标示.双原点坐标系清晰地指出:光生电流与短路电流之差随短路电流增大而增大,只有在低光照下光生电流与短路电流才大致相当,在高光照下两者差异不可忽略;太阳电池输出功率与内耗功率在光生电流总功率中的占比随光生电流会发生改变,若要求输出功率大于内耗功率,则太阳电池不宜工作在高光照下.双原点坐标系为太阳电池的研究提供了一个适配的坐标系.     

二阶流体在旋转坐标系中的三维管道流动

就两个水平板构成的旋转系统,在磁场作用下分析二阶磁流体在其间的流动.下表面是一块可伸展的平面,上面是一块多孔的固体平板.选用合适的变换,将质量和动量的守恒方程,简化为耦合的非线性常微分方程组.应用最强大的分析技术,即同伦分析法(HAM),得到该非线性耦合方程组的级数解.结果用图形给出,并详细地讨论了无量纲参数Re,λ,Ha2,α和K2对速度场的影响.     

《广义相对论入门讲座》连载——爱因斯坦场方程

1 场方程爱因斯坦认为,时空的弯曲由物质决定.有关方程的一端应该是时空曲率,另一端应该是能量和动量.时空曲率=能量动量(1)广义相对性原理要求物理规律在任何坐标系中都一样,广义相对论自身也不例外.     

《从零学相对论》连载③

第2讲学一点点几何§2.1线元与几何狭义相对论经常涉及各惯性系之间的坐标变换,面对这种变化纷繁的局面,物理学家使出了从数学家学来的高招——"以不变应万变".为此就要抓住"万变不离其宗"的那个"宗",即是要学会抓住在     

层状各向异性介质大地电磁联合反演研究

地壳和上地幔中存在的电性各向异性是地电模型、地下结构和构造模型间一个重要的联系因素. 近年来, 它引起了广泛的关注, 推动了对电性各向异性结构模型和反演理论新方法的研究. 本文在Marquardt反演理论的基础上, 引入权因子对其改进后用于大地电磁视电阻率和阻抗相位联合反演, 通过具体算例的分析, 验证了理论的正确性; 此外, 对西北某地大地电磁实测资料处理解释, 说明了程序的实用性并为今后研究深部电性构造提供了一种新的方法和途径.     

Two-step pose estimation method based on five reference points

A two-step method for pose estimation based on five co-planar reference points is studied.In the first step, the pose of the object is estimated by a simple analytical solving process.The pixel coordinates of reference points on the image plane are extracted through image processing.Then,using affine invariants of the reference points with certain distances between each other,the coordinates of reference points in the camera coordinate system are solved.In the second step,the results obtained in the first step are used as initial values of an iterative solving process for gathering the exact solution.In such a solution,an unconstrained nonlinear optimization objective function is established through the objective functions produced by the depth estimation and the co-planarity of the five reference points to ensure the accuracy and convergence rate of the non-linear algorithm.The Levenberg-Marquardt optimization method is utilized to refine the initial values.The coordinates of the reference points in the camera coordinate system are obtained and transformed into the pose of the object.Experimental results show that the RMS of the azimuth angle reaches 0.076°in the measurement range of 0°-90°;the root mean square(RMS) of the pitch angle reaches 0.035°in the measurement range of 0°-60°:and the RMS of the roll angle reaches 0.036°in the measurement range of 0°-60°.     

椭圆中的“垂径定理”

圆中的垂径定理是我们较为熟悉的,但其实在椭圆中也存在着与圆中垂径定理类似的结论.一、问题的起源设椭圆方程为x2/a2+y2/b2=1,求椭圆所有斜率为k的弦的中点轨迹方程.解运用点差法,设弦与椭圆分别交于不同的两点(x1,y1),(x2,y2),由于点在直线上,有     

Generalized elastic curves in the Lorentz flat space <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Superscript>4</Superscript>

In this paper, we study the extremals of the curvature energy actions on non-null curves in the four-dimensional Lorentz-Minkowski space. We derive the motion equations and find three Killing fields along the generalized elastic curves. We also construct a cylindrical coordinate system using these Killing fields and express the generalized elastic curves by means of quadratures.     

Equation of Motion of a Spinning Test Particle in Gravitational Field

Based on the coupfing between the spin of a particle and gravitoelectromagnetic field, the equation of motion of a spinning test particle in gravitational field is deduced. From this equation of motion, it is found that the motion of a spinning particle deviates from the geodesic trajectory, and this deviation originates from the coupling between the spin of the particle and gravitoelectromagnetic field, which is also the origin of Lense-Thirring effects. In post-Newtonian approximations, this equation gives the same results as those of Mathisson-Papapetrou equation. Effect of the deviation of geodesic trajectory is detectable.