缩比模型的宽频时域太赫兹雷达散射截面(RCS)研究

本文首次以钛宝石飞秒激光振荡级为抽运源,搭建了国内首套宽频时域太赫兹雷达(带宽0.1—1.3 THz)并进行了基于标准球的系统校正验证.利用该雷达测量了太赫兹波段三种缩比模型的散射时域信号.通过改进后的后向投影算法对模型的轮廓外形进行了成像研究,验证了新型时域散射信号成像机理.太赫兹雷达更高的频率,宽谱的特征和高分辨率成像的能力有望用于隐形外形设计过程,成为新兴的太赫兹散射特征研究平台.     

温度对CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2系纳米晶玻璃陶瓷结构影响的拉曼光谱研究

采用熔融法制备了CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系纳米晶玻璃陶瓷材料。在-190~310℃温度范围,利用显微共聚焦拉曼光谱测量分析了该体系纳米晶玻璃陶瓷硅氧四面体结构的变化规律。结果表明,随着温度的降低具有不同非桥氧键的硅氧四面体结构单元变化并不一致,位于三维硅氧四面体结构边缘的具有二个非桥氧键的硅氧四面体(Q2)和具有三个非桥氧键的硅氧四面体(Q1),以及完全独立于三维硅氧网络结构外的具有四个非桥氧键的硅氧四面体(Q0)受温度影响明显,其拉曼光谱均向高波数移动,键的力常数变强,硅氧键长变短。为丰富外环境对纳米晶玻璃陶瓷材料结构与性能影响的研究提供了实验依据,也为控制该体系纳米晶玻璃陶瓷材料的膨胀系数提供了一定的实验依据。     

基于逐步回归分析的激光惯导温度补偿研究

针对激光陀螺惯导的温度补偿,将影响激光陀螺零偏的各种可能的变量作为零偏补偿的状态变量,利用逐步回归分析方法,挑选出对零偏贡献较大的显著变量,建立精准的数学物理模型,并对实测的激光陀螺进行温度补偿建模。结果表明,温度变化率以及与温度的交叉积对温度补偿模型的影响不显著,得到的温度补偿模型可以对陀螺的零偏进行实时补偿,提高了陀螺的精度。     

基于高光谱技术的蛋白粉掺假检测研究

蛋白粉是健身者必备的营养补剂,市场需求在不断增加,一些不法商家为了谋取利益,在蛋白粉中加入廉价的粉末售卖。传统的蛋白粉掺杂的检测方法费时、费力,操作复杂,且成本昂贵。高光谱技术具有易于操作、在不损害实验样本的情况下可快速检测等优点,因此,提出使用高光谱技术以实现蛋白粉掺假检测。在蛋白粉中分别加入质量百分数5%～60%,浓度间隔5%的三类掺假物（玉米粉、大米粉和小麦粉）,并采集所有样本的光谱信息。在对蛋白粉中的玉米粉、大米粉和小麦粉三类掺假物进行定性判别时,首先分别采用卷积平滑（SG）、标准化（Normalize）、多元散射校正法（MSC）、基线校正（Baseline）和标准正态变换（SNV）的预处理方法对光谱数据进行处理,然后建立基于主成分回归（PCR）、反向传播神经网络（BPNN）和随机森林（RF）的模型,其中基于全波段光谱MSC预处理方法下建立的RF模型最优,其整体准确率达到了100%,其对应的R_P和RMSEP分别为0.997 9和0.018 9。在对蛋白粉中不同掺假物浓度进行定量分析时,对三类掺假样本的光谱分别进行SG,Normalize,MSC,Baseline和SNV的预处理,并建立LSSVM模型;比较不同预处理方法下的各模型之间的性能,在蛋白粉中掺玉米粉、大米粉和小麦粉的LSSVM预测模型最佳预处理方法分别是无、Baseline和Normalize,然后,采用连续投影算法（SPA）和竞争性自适应重加权算法（CARS）对其筛选,并建立LSSVM模型,三类掺假样本的SPA-LSSVM模型对应的R_P为0.989 0,0.986 0和0.997 9,CARS-LSSVM模型对应的R_P为0.991 0,0.994 6和0.999 1,故三类掺假样本的CARS-LSSVM模型预测效果更佳。研究表明：高光谱技术可以实现对蛋白粉掺假的定性、定量的检测,并且操作简单、检测快速和无损。     

Half-metallicity induced by out-of-plane electric field on phosphorene nanoribbons

Exploring the half-metallic nanostructures with large band gap and high carrier mobility is a crucial solution for developing high-performance spintronic devices. The electric and magnetic properties of monolayer zigzag black-phosphorene nanoribbons (ZBPNRs) with various widths are analyzed by means of the first-principles calculations. Our results show that the magnetic ground state is dependent on the width of the nanoribbons. The ground state of narrow nanoribbons smaller than 8ZBPNRs prefers ferromagnetic order in the same edge but antiferromagnetic order between two opposite edges. In addition, we also calculate the electronic band dispersion, density of states and charge density difference of 8ZBPNRs under the action of out-of-plane electric field. More interesting, the addition of out-of-plane field can modulate antiferromagnetic semiconductor to the half metal by splitting the antiferromagnetic degeneracy. Our results propose a new approach to realize half-metal in phosphorene, which overcomes the drawbacks of graphene/silicene with negligible band gap as well as the transitional metal sulfide (TMS) with low carrier mobility.     

适度删失时的极值指数估计

讨论在实际中常常会碰到的删失数据情形下的极值指数估计问题.限于极值数据本来就不多,将删失限定为适度删失.构造了适度右删失时Pareto型分布的一个子族—Hall族的极值指数的估计量.借助于估计量的信息,巧妙地构造了加权二乘估计的权数.从理论上说明了加权二乘估计的可行性,并利用MC方法,对Burr(1,1,1)、Burr(1,0.5,2)、Fréchet(1)、Fréchet(2)、学生-t1、学生-t4等几种常见的极值分布进行模拟,说明了加权二乘估计方法对门限值的选取并不敏感,具有很好的稳健性.同时,将利用Burr(1,1,1)、Burr(1,0.5,2)、Fréchet(1)分布模拟所得结果与Beirlant等人(2001)利用指数回归模型所得结果进行比较,说明了新方法比指数回归模型更为理想.     

ON A CLASS OF METHOD FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS WITH RANDOM BOUNDARY NOTCHES AND/OR CRACKS-(Ⅳ)Computations for Deep Boundary Notches and/or Cracks

This paper continues the discussions to a class of method for solving problems withrandom boundary notches and/or cracks in references by C.Ouyang in [1](See also[2]and[3]).Using the basic method given in this reference as well as some further developments.We develop here a new effective computational method for solving random deep boundarynotches and/or cracks.The actual numerical computations given in this paper show that thepresent method is quite workable and the results obtained have enlarged the contents of“Handbook of Stress Intensity Factors”given by G.C.Sih.     

Dynamical Convergence Trajectory in Networks

It is well known that topology and dynamics are two major aspects to determine the function of a network. We study one of the dynamic properties of a network： trajectory convergence, i.e. how a system converges to its steady state. Using numerical and analytical methods, we show that in a logical-like dynamical model, the occurrence of convergent trajectory in a network depends mainly on the type of the fixed point and the ratio between activation and inhibition links. We analytically proof that this property is induced by the competition between two types of state transition structures in phase space： tree-like transition structure and star-like transition structure. We show that the biological networks, such as the cell cycle network in budding yeast, prefers the tree-like transition structures and suggest that this type of convergence trajectories may be universal.     

Hexagonal Standing-Wave Patterns in Periodically Forced Reaction-Diffusion Systems

The periodically forced spatially extended Brusselator is investigated in the oscillating regime. The temporal response and pattern formation within the 2：1 frequency-locking band where the system oscillates at one half of the forcing frequency are examined. An hexagonal standing-wave pattern and other resonant patterns are observed. The detailed phase diagram of resonance structure in the forcing frequency and forcing amplitude parameter space is calculated. The transitions between the resonant standing-wave patterns are of hysteresis when control parameters are varied, and the presence of multiplicity is demonstrated. Analysis in the framework of amplitude equation reveals that the spatial patterns of the standing waves come out as a result of Turing bifurcation in the amplitude equation.     

Phase Propagations in a Coupled Oscillator-Excitor System of FitzHugh-Nagumo Models

A one-dimensional array of 2N ＋ 1 automata with FitzHugh-Nagumo dynamics, in which one is set to be oscillatory and the others are excitable, is investigated with hi-directional interactions. We find that 1 ： 1 rhythm propagation in the array depends on the appropriate couple strength and the excitability of the system. On the two sides of the 1 ： 1 rhythm area in parameter space, two different kinds of dynamical behaviour of the pacemaker, i.e. phase-locking phenomena and canard-like phenomena, are shown. The latter is found in company with chaotic pattern and period doubling bifurcation. When the coupling strength is larger than a critical value, the whole system ends to a steady state.