Nb2H的电子结构和相互作用

应用基于密度泛函理论的赝势-平面波方法研究了Nb2H的电子结构和H原子占据点之间的关系.计算结果表明:由4个Nb近邻构成的四面体中心点(T点)为H的稳定俘获点,而由6个Nb近邻构成的八面体中心点(O点)则为相互作用势的极大值点,是不稳定点.相邻T点间存在低能量通道,具有鞍点(S点)结构.在T点及近邻低能通道上,H的1s能级展宽较弱,Nb的4d,5s带部分向下延展,与H带杂化后形成孤立带.当H由T向O移动时,孤立的杂化带向金属价带靠近,带隙逐渐消失.H处于完整宿主晶格中的T点时,布里渊区Г点处的光学声子结构色散较强,而在远离Г点处的色散很弱.H在T点邻域及T-T通道上的电子结构稳定性和声子的色散关系表明,H倾向于以稳定负离子形式存在.     

Nb2H 的电子结构和相互作用

应用基于密度泛函理论的赝势-平面波方法研究了Nb₂H的电子结构和H原子占据点之间的关系.计算结果表明：由4个Nb近邻构成的四面体中心点(T点)为H的稳定俘获点，而由6个Nb近邻构成的八面体中心点(O点)则为相互作用势的极大值点，是不稳定点.相邻T点间存在低能量通道，具有鞍点(S点)结构.在T点及近邻低能通道上,H的1s能级展宽较弱，Nb的4d, 5s 带部分向下延展，与H带杂化后形成孤立带.当H由T向     

自由涡尾迹方法中涡核尺寸对风力机气动计算的影响

涡核模型中的涡核尺寸对自由涡尾迹(free vortex wake,FVW)方法准确预估风力机气动特性至关重要,涡核尺寸包括初始涡核半径和由于耗散效应涡核半径在尾迹中的增长.FVW方法中涡线控制方程离散采用三步三阶预估校正格式,涡核模型采用经典Lamb-Oseen模型,并考虑了涡耗散效应和拉伸效应.首先,通过气动载荷和叶尖涡涡量平均值的分析得到初始涡核半径的取值范围;然后,根据叶尖涡耗散特性的分析,确定体现涡黏性耗散效应涡核半径增长的经验常数的取值;最后,分析了涡核尺寸对叶尖涡结构的影响,进一步验证初始涡核半径和涡黏性耗散经验常数的取值对风力机气动计算的影响.结果表明:当初始涡核半径大于50%弦长时,FVW方法收敛稳定且能准确预估风轮气动载荷;综合风轮气动载荷和叶尖涡耗散特性,初始涡核半径取60%到70%弦长为宜,且对应的涡黏性耗散经验常数取值也不同;风轮气动载荷和叶尖涡结构的准确预估主要受初始涡核半径影响,经验常数对其影响不大,而经验常数主要影响风轮下游尾流场叶尖涡的耗散特性.      

Ca5N4高压新相的第一性原理研究

通过在氮中引入杂质离子,利用高压手段获得具有新奇结构的多氮化合物是目前被广泛应用的研究方法.钙氮材料在催化、光电方面有着广泛的应用.具有较低电离能的钙(Ca)元素很容易和氮原子形成离子键钙氮化物.高压为寻找新型钙氮化合物提供了全新的技术途径.因此,利用高压方法,通过改变配比的方式,寻找具有新奇特性的钙氮高压结构,是一项非常有意义的工作.本文利用基于密度泛函理论的结构搜索方法,在100 GPa条件下,通过预测得到了一个稳定的Ca5N4相.该结构内部氮原子之间以N-N共价单键键合,氮原子和钙原子之间是离子键相互作用,且钙氮之间的电荷转移量为1.26 e/N atom.能带结构计算表明P 21/c-Ca5N4是一个直接带隙为1.447 eV的半导体结构.最后,系统地给出了该结构的拉曼振动光谱,并指认了拉曼振动模式,为实验合成该结构提供了理论指导.     

酞菁晶体结构与荧光性质的压力调控

酞菁是一种重要的有机光电材料,关于其晶体结构和光电性质间的内在关联尚存争议.本文利用高压原位拉曼散射光谱及荧光光谱技术对酞菁晶体在高压下的结构转变和光学性质进行了研究.当压力达到12.0 GPa时,酞菁分子本身仍保持稳定,没有发生开环反应.酞菁晶体结构在压力作用下由α相逐渐转变为χ相,这一转变在卸压后恢复到初始α相.酞菁的高压荧光光谱研究表明,荧光强度随压力增高而衰减,至3.0 GPa时消失.高压下酞菁分子间所形成的激基缔合物荧光受抑制,而常压下α相酞菁中观察不到的酞菁分子荧光在高压下出现,这可能与酞菁晶体中呈平行排列的分子之间在压力下重叠程度减小有关.     

Structural stability and electrical properties of AlB2-type MnB2 under high pressure

The structural stability and electrical properties of AlB2-type MnB2 were studied based on high pressure angledispersive x-ray diffraction, in situ electrical resistivity measured in a diamond anvil cell(DAC) and first-principles calculations under high pressure. The x-ray diffraction results show that the structure of AlB2-type MnB2 remains stable up to 42.6 GPa. From the equation of state of MnB2, we obtained a bulk modulus value of 169.9±3.7 GPa with a fixed pressure derivative of 4, which indicates that AlB2-type MnB2 is a hard and incompressible material. The electrical resistance undergoes a transition at about 19.3 GPa, which can be explained by a transition of manganese 3d electrons from localization to delocalization under high pressure.     

Controllable preparation and disorder-dependent photoluminescence of morphologically different C60 microcrystals

Different C₆₀ crystals were synthesized by precipitation from a mixture of the good solvent m-xylene and the poor solvent isopropyl alcohol. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). We found that the morphologies and sizes of the samples could be controlled by adjusting the volume ratio between the good and poor solvents. Especially, an unexpected short flower column-like crystal was synthesized at low ratios (from 1:6 to 1:12). Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) and HRTEM studies of the C₆₀ crystal samples reveal that the PL efficiency of the crystals decreases with increasing crystalline order and that the disordered C₆₀ crystals synthesized at the ratio of 1:2 show 10 times higher PL efficiency than that of pristine C₆₀. The mechanism of the growth process of these C₆₀ crystals was also studied by replacing the good solvents m-xylene with toluene and mesitylene.     

一种新型三维配位聚合物的合成以及表征和磁性测定(英文)

通过水热法合成了三维(3D)网状金属有机框架物[Pr(NTA)(H2O)]n(NTA=nitrilotriacetic acid);利用元素分析、红外光谱分析、X射线单晶衍射等表征了产物的结构,利用热重分析和示差热重分析评价了其热稳定性,并测定了其磁性能.结果表明,目标配合物的Pr(Ⅲ)采取九配位模式(N1O8)形成三帽三角棱柱几何构型,配位聚合物通过O-C-O链组装成高度有序的3D结构.此外,合成的配合物具有较高的热稳定性,并因(O2C-C-C-CO2)2桥联而显示反铁磁性.     

二次加热法制备单分散性CoFe2O4纳米晶及其磁性研究

本文分别以CoCl2·6H2O,FeCl3·6H2O,NaOH为原料,利用N(CH3)4OH (四甲基氢氧化铵)作为改性剂,对CoFe2O4纳米颗粒进行原位表面改性,采用二次加热法,制备单分散性CoFe2O4纳米晶.利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能量散射分析仪(EDS)和振动样品磁强计等测试手段对样品的形貌,粒径,结构,以及磁学性能等进行了表征.结果表明,单分散性CoFe2O4纳米晶仍具有较大的饱和磁化强度和矫顽力.     

First-Principles Studies on Properties of Boron-Related Impurities in c-BN

We investigate, by first-principles calculations, the pressure dependence of formation enthalpies and defective geometry and bulk modulus of boron-related impurities （VB, Cs, NB, and OB） with different charged states in cubic boron nitride （c-BN） using a supercell approach. It is found that the nitrogen atoms surrounding the defect relax inward in the case of CB, while the nitrogen atoms relax outward in the other cases. These boron-related impurities become much more stable and have larger concentration with increasing pressure. The impurity CB^＋1 is found to have the lowest formation enthalpy, make the material exhibit semiconductor characters and have the bulk modulus higher than ideal c-BN and than those in the cases of other impurities. Our results suggest that the hardness of c-BN may be strengthened when a carbon atom substitutes at a B site.