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Variation of stress in attached copper film with an applied strain is measured by X-ray diffraction combined with a four-point bending method.A lower slope of the initial elastic segment of the curve of X-ray measured stress versus applied strain results from incomplete elastic strain transferred from the substrate to the film due to insufficiently strong interface cohesion.So the slope of the initial elastic segment of the X-ray stress (or X-ray strain directly) of the film against the substrate applied strain may be used to measure the film-substrate cohesive strength.The yield strength of the attached copper film is much higher than that of the bulk material and varies linearly with the inverse of the film thickness. 相似文献
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采用美国滨州大学研发的AMPS-1D软件,模拟了背场对TCO/a-Si∶ H(p+)/a-Si∶ H(i)/c-Si(n) /a-Si∶ H(i) /a-Si∶ H(n+)/TCO双面HIT异质结太阳电池光伏特性的影响.结果表明在背场掺杂浓度NB≥1×1018cm-3时,带隙在1.60~ 1.92 eV范围内的宽带隙薄膜硅材料比较适合作为双面HIT太阳电池的背场.模拟中还发现,背场n+层掺杂浓度对太阳电池性能的影响要受到该层隙间态密度的制约,隙间态密度越大,则对背场掺杂浓度的要求越高. 相似文献
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水泥石良好的粘结性能和力学性能决定水泥基材料和结构的耐久性.通过试验和理论研究,发现水泥石中含钙水化物质,特别是氢氧化钙Ca(OH)_2和水化硅酸钙C-S-H在化学腐蚀作用下的流失是一个复杂的过程.假定水泥基材料为宏观均匀材料,引入考虑两种水化物不同扩散过程的化学扩散模型.提出了新的化学-力学损伤本构模型,描述水泥基材料在不同化学腐蚀下的应力应变关系.综合应用提出的水泥基材料的化学-力学损伤本构关系和化学扩散模型,可以较好地反映水泥石具有时间效应的力学特性. 相似文献