压力对六角密堆结构金属锂弹性的影响

 采用密度泛涵理论第一原理赝势方法,利用应力和应变的关系计算了压力下六角密堆结构金属锂的弹性常数。计算结果显示,C₁₂、C₁₃随着压力的增加而线性增加,而压力对C₄₄和C₆₆的影响并不大。在各个压力点C₃₃值都要比C₁₁的值大,表明金属锂在z方向的硬度要比x、y方向的硬度大。还发现在理论预测的结构相变区域,C₁₁和C₃₃有一个跳跃。通过对压缩波各向异性参数Δp和剪切波各向异性参数Δs₁、Δs₂的计算发现,零压下Δp＝1,并且高压下Δp值也接近1,表明压缩时金属锂表现出各向同性。Δs₁、Δs₂值远离1,并且随着压力的增加这种远离趋势不断增强,表现很强的剪切弹性各向异性。还讨论了压力对Cauchy关系和相对弹性常数的影响。     

压力下替位氢对金属锂能带结构的影响

 利用第一原理的平面波-赝势密度泛函方法,研究了零温下体心立方（bcc）金属锂由于氢的替位掺杂和外界压力的改变所引起的电子结构变化。结果表明：掺杂体系仍然呈金属性,但是由于氢原子俘获了一个金属自由电子,具有了离子属性,使得费米面以下出现了孤立能带和带隙,最低金属价带偏离了自由电子带,形成鞍型带底,其它价带和导带均出现不同程度的简并解除和带型畸变。在压力的作用下,带隙加宽,费米面下的孤立带趋向于一条直线,成为一条能级。     

Structural evolution and molecular dissociation of H2S under high pressures

Solid H$_{2}$S as the precursor for H$_{3}$S with incredible superconducting properties under high pressure, has recently attracted extensive attention. Here in this work, we propose two new phases of H$_{2}$S with $P$4$_{2}/n$ and $I$4$_{1}/a$ lattice symmetries in a pressure range of 0 GPa-30 GPa through first-principles structural searches, which complement the phase transition sequence. Further an $ab initio$ molecular dynamics simulation confirms that the molecular phase $P2/c$ of H$_{2}$S is gradually dissociated with the pressure increasing and reconstructs into a new $P$2$_{1}/m$ structure at 160 GPa, exhibiting the superconductivity with $T_{\rm c}$ of 82.5 K. Our results may provide a guidance for the theoretical study of low-temperature superconducting phase of H$_{2}$S.     

The Unexpected Stability of Hydrazine Molecules in Hydrous Environment under Pressure

The incomplete decomposition product of metastable hydrazine(N2H4)instead of the energetically favorable ammonia(NH3)upon decompression is one drawback in applications of energetic material oligomeric hydronitrogens.We explore the stability of hydrazine molecules in hydrazine hydrate(N2H4 H2O)under pressure in diamond anvil cells(DACs)combined with in situ Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron x-ray diffraction(XRD)measurements.The results show that one NH2 branch forms NH3 group by hydrogen bonds between hydrazine and water molecules after the sample crystallizes at 3.2 GPa.The strengthening hydrogen bonds cause the torsion of hydrazine molecules and further dominate a phase transition at 7.2 GPa.Surprisingly,the NN single bonds are strengthened with increasing pressure,which keeps the hydrazine molecules stable up to the ultimate pressure of 36 GPa.Furthermore,the main diffraction patterns show continuous shift to higher degrees in the whole pressure range while some weak lines disappear above 8.2 GPa.The present peak-indexing results of the diffraction patterns with Materials Studio show that the phase transition occurs in the same monoclinic crystal system.Upon decompression,all of the hydrazine molecules extract from hydrazine hydrate crystal at 2.3 GPa,which may provide a new way to purify hydrazine from hydrate.     

Structural stability and electrical properties of AlB2-type MnB2 under high pressure

The structural stability and electrical properties of AlB2-type MnB2 were studied based on high pressure angledispersive x-ray diffraction, in situ electrical resistivity measured in a diamond anvil cell(DAC) and first-principles calculations under high pressure. The x-ray diffraction results show that the structure of AlB2-type MnB2 remains stable up to 42.6 GPa. From the equation of state of MnB2, we obtained a bulk modulus value of 169.9±3.7 GPa with a fixed pressure derivative of 4, which indicates that AlB2-type MnB2 is a hard and incompressible material. The electrical resistance undergoes a transition at about 19.3 GPa, which can be explained by a transition of manganese 3d electrons from localization to delocalization under high pressure.     

压力和温度对固氘掺锂体系的影响

 利用路径积分蒙特卡罗方法，研究了压力和温度变化对固氘掺锂体系的影响。结果表明，在高压条件下（0.9~2.4 GPa），锂原子掺入固体氘后，要占据五个氘分子空位形成稳定结构。温度变化不能改变这一五空位占据。固氘掺锂体系锂原子吸收谱随压力和温度的变化趋势类似于固氢掺锂体系锂原子吸收谱随压力和温度变化的趋势。但在某一固定压力和温度点，这两种吸收谱却由于氘分子和氢分子零点振动的不同有着明显的差异。随着温度或压力的增加，这两种吸收谱间的差异越来越小。     

First-Principles Investigations of the Phase Transition and Optical Properties of Solid Oxygen

Using density-functional-theory calculations, a monoclinic metallic post-ζ phase （space group C2/c） is predicted at 215 GPa. The calculated phonon dispersion curves suggest that this structure is stable at least up to 310 GPa. Oxygen remains a molecular crystal and there is no dissociation in the related pressure range. Moreover, it is found that the phase transition from （ to post-ζ phase is attributed to phonon softening, The significant change in the optical properties can be used to identify the phase transition.     

First-Principles Studies on Properties of Boron-Related Impurities in c-BN

We investigate, by first-principles calculations, the pressure dependence of formation enthalpies and defective geometry and bulk modulus of boron-related impurities （VB, Cs, NB, and OB） with different charged states in cubic boron nitride （c-BN） using a supercell approach. It is found that the nitrogen atoms surrounding the defect relax inward in the case of CB, while the nitrogen atoms relax outward in the other cases. These boron-related impurities become much more stable and have larger concentration with increasing pressure. The impurity CB^＋1 is found to have the lowest formation enthalpy, make the material exhibit semiconductor characters and have the bulk modulus higher than ideal c-BN and than those in the cases of other impurities. Our results suggest that the hardness of c-BN may be strengthened when a carbon atom substitutes at a B site.     

Ba3Bi3Ti4NbO18的压致结构相变

 利用Mao-Bell型金刚石对顶砧装置（DAC）,使用4∶1的甲醇-乙醇混合液作传压介质,研究了层状铁电固溶体Ba₃Bi₃Ti₄NbO₁₈的在位高压拉曼光谱和压致结构相变（0~8.87 GPa）。观测到了Ba₃Bi₃Ti₄NbO₁₈的一个典型的压致结构相变。发现了赝钙钛矿结构A₄B₅O₁₆的A位和B位联合置换对Ba₃Bi₃Ti₄NbO₁₈的拉曼振动模式及压致相变点的调制作用。并使用内模方法对Ba₃Bi₃Ti₄NbO₁₈的内模进行了指认。通过对加压下的拉曼光谱的分析,得到了压力作用下样品中BO₆八面体的结构畸变的演化方向。     

金刚烷的高压拉曼光谱研究

对金刚烷(C_(10)H_(16))进行了常温原位高压拉曼光谱研究,最高压力为25 GPa。通过分析高压拉曼光谱,结合拉曼频移随压力的变化情况,得出在实验压力范围内C_(10)H_(16)发生了多次相变。0.6 GPa时,C_(10)H_(16)由常温常压下的无序相(α相)转变为有序相(β相);继续加压至1.7 GPa时,第2次结构相变开始,直至3.2 GPa,第2次相变完全结束;第3次相变开始于6.3 GPa,结束于7.7 GPa;22.9 GPa时发生了第4次结构相变。另外,首次在拉曼光谱上探测到第3次相变过程中晶格振动峰的变化,说明第3次相变并非前人报道的等结构相变。