电感分布对双层丝阵Z箍缩内爆动力学模式的影响

采用等效电路和零维分析方法,建立了双层丝阵Z箍缩内爆动力学的物理模型. 研究了内、外层丝阵电感分布及其变化对双层丝阵内爆动力学模式的决定性影响,结果表明丝阵的初始电感决定了初始电流分配,动态电感变化影响丝阵内爆的动力学过程. 提出由于电感的变化可能存在四种不同的双层丝阵内爆动力学模式. 针对“强光一号”装置Z箍缩双层丝阵负载参数进行计算分析,可以得到外层等离子体穿透内层先运动到芯的动力学模式,与其他低电流装置在实验上观察到的物理图像一致. 关键词： Z箍缩内爆等离子体 双层丝阵负载 电感 动力学模式     

Analytical studies on the evolution processes of rarefied deuterium plasma shell Z-pinch by PIC and MHD simulations

In this paper, we analytically explore the magnetic field and mass density evolutions obtained in particle-in-cell(PIC)and magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) simulations of a rarefied deuterium shell Z-pinch and compare those results, and also we study the effects of artificially increased Spitzer resistivity on the magnetic field evolution and Z-pinch dynamic process in the MHD simulation. There are significant differences between the profiles of mass density in the PIC and MHD simulations before 45 ns of the Z-pinch in this study. However, after the shock formation in the PIC simulation,the mass density profile is similar to that in the MHD simulation in the case of using multiplier 2 to modify the Spitzer resistivity. Compared with the magnetic field profiles of the PIC simulation of the shell, the magnetic field diffusion has still not been sufficiently revealed in the MHD simulation even though their convergence ratios become the same by using larger multipliers in the resistivity. The MHD simulation results suggest that the magnetic field diffusion is greatly enhanced by increasing the Spitzer resistivity used, which, however, causes the implosion characteristic to change from shock compression to weak shock, even shockless evolution, and expedites the expansion of the shell. Too large a multiplier is not suggested to be used to modify the resistivity in some Z-pinch applications, such as the Z-pinch driven inertial confinement fusion(ICF) in a dynamic hohlraum. Two-fluid or Hall MHD model, even the PIC/fluid hybrid simulation would be considered as a suitable physical model when there exist the plasma regions with very low density in the simulated domain.     

“聚龙一号”装置磁驱动准等熵压缩实验的一维磁流体力学模拟

国内首台多路并联超高功率脉冲装置"聚龙一号"(PTS)已被用于磁驱动准等熵实验研究,其分时分组放电特点为开展材料的动高压可控路径加载研究提供了便利.磁驱动准等熵实验的物理设计和结果分析需要依赖可靠的数值模拟平台.本文介绍了含强度计算的一维磁流体力学程序MADE1D的物理模型和程序特点,讨论了"聚龙一号"装置两种不同电流波形驱动条件下准等熵实验的模拟情况.结果显示,MADE1D程序能够较好地反映电磁力引起的压缩波在样品内部的产生、传播及发展过程,计算获得的"样品/窗口"界面速度同实验测量结果符合较好.分析发现,电流波形是影响加载过程的重要因素.对于目前使用的带状电极,电流上升率不宜超过40 k A/ns,否则可能在厚度1.2 mm以上的铝样品中产生冲击.     

水中金属丝电爆炸动力学过程的零维模型

金属丝电爆炸包含丰富的物理内容，近年来国内的实验和理论研究取得了重要进展，理解该过程有助于完善Z箍缩及磁加载等离子体动力学过程的物理建模，校验物性参数。在自相似运动假设条件下，发展了冷启动计算的水中电爆炸丝零维动力学模型。从一维磁流体模型出发，推导了描述丝等离子体膨胀的零维动能方程和内能方程，采用实际气体状态方程和修正的李-莫尔电导率参数作为封闭条件，根据质量守恒及水中激波雨贡纽关系式获得了丝等离子体的边界条件。应用于水中铜丝电爆炸动力学过程和能量转化分析，结果表明：该零维模型的物理假设合理，在一定范围内改变丝直径等参数可产生不同的放电模式，与一维模型及实验结果符合较好，能够为同类实验的优化设计和数据分析提供参考。