横肋变截面U通道内换热特性的实验研究

本实验选取航空发动机涡轮叶片中段内部冷却通道为研究对象,对不同肋间距的横肋变截面U型通道的换热特性进行了研究。实验模型中,矩形肋对称布置在上下两个表面,肋高为1.5 mm,肋宽为2 mm,肋与流体流向夹角为90°。实验结果表明,当节距比为10时,通道的平均换热效果最佳,节距比为16.6时,通道的平均换热效果次之,节距比为13.3和20时,通道的平均换热效果相当,且较差。     

带肋气膜冷却平板的数值模拟研究

本文对不带肋和带45°肋气膜冷却平板的三维对流换热与导热耦合传热问题进行了数值模拟。网格划分采用非结构化网格,湍流模型为SSTκ-ε模型,近壁处采用壁面函数法,采用SIMPLEC算法求解速度和压力的耦合。计算获得了不带肋和带45°肋气膜冷却平板的流场分布和平板内外表面的换热系数值。结果表明带45°肋的气膜冷却平板通道流场结构比较复杂,平板表面平均温度较无肋气膜冷却平板表面平均温度下降,而在近气膜孔区域冷、热表面平均换热系数较无肋时增大。     

BFRP筋混凝土粘结-滑移声发射特性研究*

为研究BFRP筋与混凝土粘结-滑移过程中的损伤特征,对BFRP筋混凝土粘结试件进行了加载速度为0.1 mm/s的拔出试验。采用声发射技术对损伤过程的特点进行了研究,并且针对破坏预警指标的有效表征进行了深入分析。结果表明,声发射能量、撞击数、振铃计数等参数能够真实反映BFRP筋混凝土粘结受载情况,并得到250 kHz～300 kHz频段的声发射事件百分比及声发射b值范围可以作为粘结应力达到峰值时的预警指标,为BFRP筋混凝土粘结-滑移破坏预警提供了依据。     

Some Features of a Turbulent Separated Flow and Heat Transfer Behind a Step and a Rib. 2. Heat Transfer in a Separated Flow

Results of an experimental study of heat transfer in a separated flow behind a step and a rib are presented. The influence of the obstacle height (H = 6–30 mm) on heat and mass transfer and the structure of the thermal boundary layer is studied. The features of heat transfer in recirculation and relaxation zones of the separated flow are analyzed, and the effect of separation on intensification and suppression of turbulent heat transfer is determined.     

月牙肋钢岔管的优化设计

建立了通用的月牙肋钢岔管优化设计模型,编制了相应的程序.实例计算结果表明,不依赖设计者的个人经验,可以用本程序设计出满足设计要求的最佳方案.所得设计既快又好,研究成果有实际应用意义.     

既有RC拱肋基于全过程刚度变化规律的承载能力预测

基于结构力学中的矩阵位移法,提出了一种利用节点位移参数来反推拱肋区段刚度的计算方法。算例验证该方法在只利用部分节点位移参数时依然具有较高的精度。然后考虑不同的加载模式和损伤模式,采用该方法对借助非线性有限元分析技术和试验手段获得的既有钢筋混凝土拱肋加载过程中的节点位移值进行了分析,证实了既有拱肋的区段刚度具有较大幅度的波动变化特性。基于拱肋区段的变化规律,研究了既有拱肋破坏过程中节点竖向刚度值的变化趋势。结果表明,既有拱肋的节点竖向刚度变化规律与区段刚度较为一致。在此研究基础上,提出了一种适用于既有钢筋混凝土拱肋的承载能力评估方法。实例分析表明,该评估方法具有较高的精度。     

哑铃型钢管混凝土拱肋极限承载力研究

为了研究哑铃型钢管混凝土拱肋的力学性能,基于统一强度理论和等效梁柱法,考虑中间主应力和材料拉压比的影响,推导了其极限承载力的新公式。采用梁单元建立哑铃型钢管混凝土拱肋的有限元模型,对其受力全过程进行双重非线性分析。将理论分析结果和数值计算结果与相关文献的试验结果进行比较,吻合良好,验证了本文理论分析方法和有限元计算方法的正确性。采用有限元方法,对荷载工况、长细比、矢跨比、截面形式和腹腔混凝土等参数的影响特性进行分析,研究结果表明,荷载工况对哑铃型钢管混凝土拱肋的极限承载力影响显著,荷载越对称、均匀,拱肋的极限承载力越高,竖向变形越小;拱肋的极限承载力随长细比的增大而显著降低,随矢跨比的增大先提高后略有降低;截面形式对拱肋的强度和刚度均有较大影响,而腹腔混凝土对其强度和刚度几乎没有影响。     

ITER真空室支撑筋板结构设计与强度分析

作为真空室的重要部件,支撑筋板既需要支撑真空室双层壳体,又需要支撑中子屏蔽层。在实际工作中,支撑筋板必须满足运行时的各项强度要求。分析了真空室结构特点,以及真空室支撑筋板的平面布局与结构要求。运用CATIA软件设计了支撑筋板,并在ANSYS Workbench环境下对其作了有限元分析,得到支撑筋板在真空室内工况下的强度应力云图和应变云图。结果分析表明,支撑筋板的结构和强度均满足设计要求,很好地保证了ITER真空室的正常运行。     

Increasing heat transfer of non-Newtonian nanofluid in rectangular microchannel with triangular ribs

In this study, computational fluid dynamics and the laminar flow of the non-Newtonian fluid have been numerically studied. The cooling fluid includes water and 0.5 wt% Carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) making the non-Newtonian fluid. In order to make the best of non-Newtonian nanofluid in this simulation, solid nanoparticles of Aluminum Oxide have been added to the non-Newtonian fluid in volume fractions of 0–2% with diameters of 25, 45 and 100 nm. The supposed microchannel is rectangular and two-dimensional in Cartesian coordination. The power law has been used to speculate the dynamic viscosity of the cooling nanofluid. The field of numerical solution is simulated in the Reynolds number range of 5 < Re < 300. A constant heat flux of 10,000 W/m² is exercised on the lower walls of the studied geometry. Further, the effect of triangular ribs with angle of attacks of 30°, 45° and 60° is studied on flow parameters and heat transfer due to the fluid flow. The results show that an increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles as well as the use for nanoparticles with smaller diameters lead to greater heat transfer. Among all the studied forms, the triangular rib from with an angle of attack 30° has the biggest Nusselt number and the smallest pressure drop along the microchannel. Also, an increase in the angle of attack and as a result of a sudden contact between the fluid and the ribs and also a reduction in the coflowing length (length of the rib) cause a cut in heat transfer by the fluid in farther parts from the solid wall (tip of the rib).     

Hot-embossing fabrication of chalcogenide glasses rib waveguide for mid-infrared molecular sensing

Chalcogenide glasses have shown promise in fabricating mid infrared(MIR) photonic sensing devices due to their excellent optical properties in MIR. In addition, the glass transition temperature of chalcogenide glasses are generally low,making them ideal to create the high-throughput patterns of micro-scale structures based on hot embossing that is alternative to the standard lithographic technology. In this paper, we outline the research progress in the chalcogenide waveguide based on the hot embossing method, and discuss the problems remaining to be solved and the possible solutions.