Facets of Descent, II

Methods of internal-category theory are applied to show that the split epimorphisms in a category C are exactly the morphisms which are effective for descent with respect to any fibration over C (or to any C-indexed category). In the same context, composition-cancellation rules for effective descent morphisms are established and being applied to (suitably defined) locally-split epimorphisms.     

Components of the Fundamental Category II

In this article we carry on the study of the fundamental category (Goubault and Raussen, Dihomotopy as a tool in state space analysis. In: Rajsbaum, S. (ed.) LATIN 2002: Theoretical Informatics. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2286, Cancun, Mexico, pp. 16–37, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 2002; Goubault, Homology, Homotopy Appl., 5(2): 95–136, 2003) of a partially ordered topological space (Nachbin, Topology and Order, Van Nostrand, Princeton, 1965; Johnstone, Stone Spaces, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1982), as arising in e.g. concurrency theory (Fajstrup et al., Theor. Comp. Sci. 357: 241–278, 2006), initiated in (Fajstrup et al., APCS, 12(1): 81–108, 2004). The “algebra” of dipaths modulo dihomotopy (the fundamental category) of such a po-space is essentially finite in a number of situations. We give new definitions of the component category that are more tractable than the one of Fajstrup et al. (APCS, 12(1): 81–108, 2004), as well as give definitions of future and past component categories, related to the past and future models of Grandis (Theory Appl. Categ., 15(4): 95–146, 2005). The component category is defined as a category of fractions, but it can be shown to be equivalent to a quotient category, much easier to portray. A van Kampen theorem is known to be available on fundamental categories (Grandis, Cahiers Topologie Géom. Différentielle Catég., 44: 281–316, 2003; Goubault, Homology, Homotopy Appl., 5(2): 95–136, 2003), we show in this paper a similar theorem for component categories (conjectured in Fajstrup et al. (APCS, 12(1): 81–108, 2004). This proves useful for inductively computing the component category in some circumstances, for instance, in the case of simple PV mutual exclusion models (Goubault and Haucourt, A practical application of geometric semantics to static analysis of concurrent programs. In: Abadi, M., de Alfaro, L. (eds.) CONCUR 2005 – Concurrency Theory: 16th International Conference, San Francisco, USA, August 23–26. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3653, pp. 503–517, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 2005), corresponding to partially ordered subspaces of R ⁿ minus isothetic hyperrectangles. In this last case again, we conjecture (and give some hints) that component categories enjoy some nice adjunction relations directly with the fundamental category.      

A perturbation result for q-open quotient morphisms in normed spaces and applications to linear relations

Using some techniques of perturbation theory for quotient morphisms between Banach spaces we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability of the topological index of a q-open quotient morphism under small (with respect to the gap topology) perturbations with quotient morphisms. As an application we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability of the topological index of an open linear relation with closed multivalued part between normed spaces under small perturbations with linear relations.     

The morphism induced by Frobenius push-forward

Let X be a smooth projective curve of genus g 2 over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic p0,and F:X→X(1)the relative Frobenius morphism.Let M s X(r,d)(resp.M ss X(r,d))be the moduli space of(resp.semi-)stable vector bundles of rank r and degree d on X.We show that the set-theoretic map S ss Frob:M ss X(r,d)→M ss X(1)(rp,d+r(p-1)(g-1))induced by[E]→[F(E)]is a proper morphism.Moreover,the induced morphism S s Frob:M s X(r,d)→M s X(1)(rp,d+r(p-1)(g-1))is a closed immersion.As an application,we obtain that the locus of moduli space M s X(1)(p,d)consisting of stable vector bundles whose Frobenius pull backs have maximal Harder-Narasimhan polygons is isomorphic to the Jacobian variety Jac X of X.     

Triple Brackets and Lax Morphism Categories

Various aspects of the traditional homotopy theory of topological spaces may be developed in an arbitrary 2-category C with zeros. In particular certain secondary composition operations called box brackets recently have been defined for C; these are similar to, but extend, the familiar Toda brackets in the topological case. In this paper we introduce further the notion of a suspension functor in C and explore the ramifications of relativizing the theory in terms of the associated lax morphism category of C, denoted mC. Four operations associated to a 3-box diagram are introduced and relations among them are clarified. The results and insights obtained, while by nature somewhat technical, yield effective and efficient techniques for computing many operations of Toda bracket type. We illustrate by recording some computations from the homotopy groups of spheres. Also the properties of a new operation, the 2-sided matrix Toda bracket, are explored.     

On the Construction of <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-Harmonic Morphisms and Conformal Actions

We produce p-harmonic morphisms by conformal foliations and Clifford systems. First, we give a useful criterion for a foliation on an m-dimensional Riemannian manifold locally generated by conformal fields to produce p-harmonic morphisms. By using this criterion we manufacture conformal foliations, with codimension not equal to p, which are locally the fibres of p-harmonic morphisms. Then we give a new approach for the construction of p-harmonic morphisms from R^m／{0} to R^n. By the well-known representation of Clifford algebras, we find an abundance of the new 2/3 （m ＋ 1）-harmonic morphism Ф： R^m／{0} → R^n where m = 2κδ（n - 1）.     

A footnote to a theorem of Kawamata

Kawamata has shown that the quasi-Albanese map of a quasi-projective variety with log-irregularity equal to the dimension and log-Kodaira dimension 0 is birational. In this note, we show that under these hypotheses the quasi-Albanese map is proper in codimension 1 as conjectured by Iitaka.