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排序方式: 共有1468条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
Lianghui Gao Mengjie Gong Fanbo Kong Ting Yuan Xiaohong Li Lili Zu Yunchao Li Louzhen Fan 《大学化学》2020,35(5):81-87
During the fight against the new coronavirus epidemic, the "Physical Chemistry" team of Beijing Normal University used various network platforms and tools, such as MOOC of China University, Rain Classroom and WeChat Group in the teaching process. The exploration and practice of online learning of "Physical Chemistry" is carried out based on MOOC teaching, with student learning as the center and teacher guidance as the support. Taking the most difficult chapter of "fundamentals for statistical thermodynamic" as an example, we designed a complex teaching program that includes previews, watching MOOC videos in class, real-time online exercises, teachers' answers, and after-class reflection and questioning. The students were encouraged to learn independently through the reserved information, designed activities and assignments. Practice shows that the online course has cultivated the students' self-management ability, trained their critical thinking skills, and achieved good teaching results. 相似文献
32.
O/W微乳液中聚吡咯超微粒子的制备 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
选择合适的SDBS/吡咯/H2O三组分O/W微乳液与吡咯单体共存的两相体系,以单体相为单体源,在O/W三组分微乳液中进行了吡咯聚合,所得聚吡咯粒子大小仅为2~3nm,分布较均匀,且具有较好的导电性能. 相似文献
33.
Multiple melting behavior of poly(butylene succinate) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Xiaohong Wang 《European Polymer Journal》2007,43(8):3163-3170
The multiple melting behavior of poly(butylenes succinate) (PBS) isothermally crystallized from the melt was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), temperature modulated DSC (MDSC) and polarized optical microscopy. PBS exhibits at most four melting endotherms (denoted as Tm1, Tm2, Tm3, and Tm4 from high to low temperatures) and a crystallization exotherm (denoted as Tre) in the DSC heating trace. Multiple melting endotherms were observed even at high heating rates. The origins of each endothermal and exothermal peak were discussed in detail. It is suggested that: (i) the crystallization exothermic peak, Tre, relates to the recrystallization of the melt of the crystallites with lower thermal stability; (ii) the Tm1 is ascribed to the melting of crystallites formed through recrystallization; (iii) two crystal populations with different thermal stability are responsible for the Tm2 and Tm3; (iv) the Tm4, which is the annealing peak, represents the transition of the rigid amorphous fraction (RAF) from solid-like RAF into liquid-like amorphous fraction. 相似文献
34.
Yuan Yang Jinnan Zhang Surong Luo Xiaohong Song Qi Li 《Frontiers of Chemistry in China》2007,2(3):296-302
Two new inclusion compounds (n-C4H9)4N+C18-H13O4
−·B(OH)3 (1) and (n-C4H9)4N+C18H13O4
− (2) were prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography. Crystal data: compound 1, monoclinic P2(1)/c, a = 1.569 9(1) nm, b = 0.995 5(6) nm, c = 2.293 3(1) nm, β = 109.962(3)°, Z = 4, and R
1 = 0.0434, wR = 0.075 9; compound 2, monoclinic C2/c, a = 1.400 5(3) nm, b = 1,282 1(2) nm, c = 1.765 7(3) nm, β = 100.388(1)°, Z = 4, and R
1 = 0.0584, wR = 0.096 6. In the crystal structure of 1, the tetramers formed by two trans-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-11,12-dicarboxylic acid (EADA) anions and two boric acid molecules were connected through
O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to generate a channel type host lattice. The tetra-n-butylammonium cations were stacked to give two columns within each channel with cross-sectional size of about 2.30 nm × 0.93
nm. In the crystal structure of 2, similar honeycomb host lattices with big size were also formed along the [101] direction
by three-dimensional accumulation of EADA anions. The tetra-n-butylammonium cations were accommodated in a zigzag fashion within each channel.
Translated from Acta Chimica Sinica, 2006, 64(18): 1904–1910 [译自: 化学学报] 相似文献
35.
Tam F Syrstad EA Chen X Turecek F 《European journal of mass spectrometry (Chichester, England)》2004,10(6):869-880
Protonated acetamide exists as two planar conformers, the more stable anti-form (anti-1(+)) and the syn-form (syn-1(+)), DeltaG(degree) (298) (anti-->syn) = 10.8 kJ mol(-1). Collisional neutralization of 1(+) produces 1-hydroxy-1-amino-1-ethyl radicals (anti-1 and syn-1) which in part survive for 3.7 micros. The major dissociation of 1 is loss of the hydroxyl hydrogen atom (approximately 95%) which is accompanied by loss of one of the methyl hydrogen atoms (approximately 3%) and loss of the methyl group (approximately 2%). The most favorable dissociation of the OH bond is calculated to be only 34 kJ mol(1) endothermic but requires 88 kJ mol(-1) in the transition state. Other dissociations of 1, e.g., loss of one of the amide hydrogens, methyl hydrogens, and loss of ammonia are calculated to proceed through higher- energy transition states and are not kinetically competitive if proceeding from the ground doublet electronic state of 1. The unimolecular dissociation of 1 following collisional electron transfer is promoted by large Franck-Condon effects that result in 8090 kJ mol(-1) vibrational excitation in the radicals. Radicals 1 are calculated to exoergically abstract hydrogen atoms from acetamide in water, but not in the gas phase. The different reactivity is due to solvent effects that favor the products, (.)CH(2)CONH(2) and CH(3)CH(OH)NH(2), over the reactants. 相似文献
36.
In recent years, extensive efforts have been made to find nonformaldehyde durable press finishes to replace the traditional
formaldehyde-based reagents for producing wrinkle-free cotton fabrics. 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) has been
the most effective nonformaldehyde crosslinking agent. Our previous research has indicated that a polycarboxylic acid esterifies
cellulose in two steps: the formation of a 5-membered cyclic anhydride intermediate by the dehydration of two adjacent carboxyl
groups, and the reaction between cellulose and the anhydride intermediate to form an ester linkage. In this research, we used
Fourier transform infrared and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy to study the formation of cyclic anhydride intermediates
by BTCA and other polycarboxylic acids without the presence of a catalyst. We found that BTCA and other polycarboxylic acids
in a crystalline state start to form 5-membered cyclic carboxylic anhydrides when the temperature reaches the vicinity of
their melting points with the exception of bifunctional acids, which form cyclic anhydrides at temperatures much higher than
their melting points. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding between carboxylic acid groups prevents the formation of the cyclic
anhydride intermediates at lower temperatures. We also found that polycarboxylic acids in an amorphous state form cyclic anhydrides
at much lower temperatures. 相似文献
37.
Dynamic interfacial tension values obtained by drop volume tensiometry will be affected under certain experimental conditions by the formation of a neck between the drop and the capillary tip. This phenomenon must be accounted for to obtain accurate values of interfacial tension. In this work, neck formation for a water–mineral oil system is studied under conditions where hydrodynamic effects can be neglected. A model originally developed for the determination of the surface tension of a suspended drop is modified for application to dynamic interfacial tensions of surfactant-containing liquids. The model relates apparent values of interfacial tension calculated from drops possessing necks to actual values. Experiments with Span 80 (sorbitan monooleate) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactants in a mineral oil–water system are used to test the validity of the developed model. For the small tip diameter used, good agreement is obtained for Span 80 up to the critical micelle concentration, and for low concentrations of SDS, when the surfactant adsorption is diffusion-limited. In both cases, the neck diameter of the growing drop can be considered constant over the range of dynamic interfacial tensions tested. 相似文献
38.
Youxiang Zhou Jianbiao Chen Lina Dong Liang Lu Fusheng Chen Dingjin Hu Xiaohong Wang 《Journal of luminescence》2012,132(6):1437-1445
Citrinin (CIT) is a nephrotoxic mycotoxin initially isolated from filamentous fungus Penicilliu citrinum. It was later isolated from several other species, such as Aspergillus and Monascus. It has a conjugated, planar structure that gives it a natural fluorescence ability, which can be used to develop sensitive methods for detecting CIT in food. In this paper, we used the spectro?uorescence technique to study the effects of pH value, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and organic solvents on the CIT fluorescence intensity. The results show that lower pH value, aceitc acid, β-CD and acetonitrile can induce a higher fluorescence intensity of CIT, but methanol or H2O has a decreasing effect on the fluorescence intensity of CIT. Findings in this study provide a theoretical basis for development of a high sensitivity fluorescence-based trace analysis for CIT detection. 相似文献
39.
Zhiwei Cao Zhifeng Liu Xiaohong Wang Anfeng Shi Haishan Luo Benoît Noetinger 《国际流体数值方法杂志》2017,85(4):247-263
In this paper, a numerical method to capture the shock wave propagation in 1‐dimensional fluid flow problems with 0 numerical dissipation is presented. Instead of using a traditional discrete grid, the new numerical method is built on a range‐discrete grid, which is obtained by a direct subdivision of values around the shock area. The range discrete grid consists of 2 types: continuous points and shock points. Numerical solution is achieved by tracking characteristics and shocks for the movements of continuous and shock points, respectively. Shocks can be generated or eliminated when triggering entropy conditions in a marking step. The method is conservative and total variation diminishing. We apply this new method to several examples, including solving Burgers equation for aerodynamics, Buckley‐Leverett equation for fractional flow in porous media, and the classical traffic flow. The solutions were verified against analytical solutions under simple conditions. Comparisons with several other traditional methods showed that the new method achieves a higher accuracy in capturing the shock while using much less grid number. The new method can serve as a fast tool to assess the shock wave propagation in various flow problems with good accuracy. 相似文献
40.
Qiaoli Yue Lijun Sun Tongfei Shen Xiaohong Gu Shuqiu Zhang Jifeng Liu 《Journal of fluorescence》2013,23(6):1313-1318
In the present work, gold nanocluster (GNC) induced by bovine serum albumin (BSA) was synthesized as a novel fluorescence probe to detect nitrite (NO2 ?) sensitively and selectively. The fluorescence of GNC was found to be quenched effectively by NO2 ?. Under the optimum conditions, it was found that the change of fluorescence intensity was proportional with the concentration of NO2 ? in the linear range of 0.1–50 μM (R?=?0.9990), with a detection limit (S/N?=?3) of 30 nM. The absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies were employed to discuss the quenching mechanism. In addition, the present approach was successfully applied in real water samples. 相似文献