Measuring the mobility parameters of forwarders using GPS and CAN bus techniques

Use of a datalogger connected to the CAN bus of an 8-wheeled forwarder’s hydrostatic transmission permits measurement of the gross power on the driveline and the rotational velocity of the drive axle. The ground velocity and trajectory of the forwarder is monitored by the GPS technique. These data allow the total resistance force and wheel slip to be determined under different terrain conditions. In this paper the total resistance force is segregated into rolling, slope and winding resistances. The measuring system was tested in practice on an even tarmac surface and a gently sloping hard earth road, the number of input variables in the first tests having been reduced. It was found that the measuring accuracy permitted detection of about a half percent variation in slope inclination in the test lane. Tests on a figure of 8 track showed that the winding resistance can also be detected. It was concluded that the measuring technique is accurate enough for terramechanical research and practicable under real forestry conditions.     

Structures and chromatographic characteristics of capsule-type silica gels coated with hydrophobic polymers in reversed-phase liquid chromatography

Summary Silicone polymer-coated silica gels modified with octadecyl and octyl groups (S/S-C₁₈, S/S-C₈), or “capsule-type silica gels” were developed as packing materials for reversed-phase liquid chromatography. They were obtained by coating the surface of totally porous silica gel with a homogeneous silicone polymer film, and thereafter modifying the coating polymer with octadecyl or octyl groups. Retaining the advantages of silica-based packings, they show strong resistance of alkali-like organic porous polymeric materials.     

电阻应变法用于密封电池内压变化的动态检测

报道了采用电阻变法动态检测密封电池内压变化的实验方法，并以镍氢电池为例，介绍了这一方法在研究电池工艺技术条件与电池充放电性能关系时的具体应用。     

In situ control of nanowire resistance with real time monitoring by using self-heating induced oxidation

It was firstly demonstrated that the resistance of bridging GaN nanowires (NWs) can be in situ controlled via current driven self-heating. Owning to the absence of contact barrier at the electrodes of bridging NWs, the Joule-heating can be generated mainly on the NW itself rather than on the electrodes. With increase of NW bias-voltage (BiV) from 2.5 V to 10 V, the generated Joule-heating can make the NW oxidized in air, which leads to about 700 fold increase in NW resistance (from 82.5 Ω to 6 × 10⁴ Ω). Theoretical simulation indicated that a NW temperature of 649 K can realized with a BiV of 4 V, which agrees well with the observation of thermal emission microscope. Moreover, the measured oxygen composition in the NWs was increased with increasing BiV, which indicates that the NWs were oxidized by BiV induced self-heating. This work provides a simple method for precise control of NW resistance, which can be further applied to the formation of core/shell NWs with real time monitoring.     

Stress analysis of extensively and partially soldered optical components

Resistance soldering of optical components is an upcoming technology following the trends towards automation and miniaturization with particularly high relevance for high optical power applications. A stress analysis is necessary in order to qualify this technology with regard to the component's optical behavior and its long-term stability. Analytical and FEM-simulative calculations are used to estimate the stresses within the optical element and the solder layer for extensively soldered components. Furthermore partially soldered components are being simulated and optically evaluated using polarization microscopy. To evaluate the long-term stability of the compound multiple series of thermal cycling were performed.     

硼铝共渗对T10钢性能的影响

对在不同条件下处理T10钢进行了磨损试验,氧化试验、腐蚀试验和B-Al共渗层的结合强度测试.结果表明,在比较之下B-Al共渗层的耐磨性,抗氧化性、耐蚀性和结合强度都比较高.     

Oddness to resistance ratios in cubic graphs

Let $G$ be a bridgeless cubic graph. Oddness (weak oddness) is defined as the minimum number of odd components in a 2-factor (an even factor) of $G$, denoted as $\omega \left(G\right)$ (Steffen, 2004) (${\omega }^{\prime }\left(G\right)$ Lukot’ka and Mazák (2016)). Oddness and weak oddness have been referred to as measurements of uncolourability (Fiol et al., 2017, Lukot’ka and Mazák, 2016, Lukot’ka et al., 2015 and, Steffen, 2004), due to the fact that $\omega \left(G\right)=0$ and ${\omega }^{\prime }\left(G\right)=0$ if and only if $G$ is 3-edge-colourable. Another so-called measurement of uncolourability is resistance, defined as the minimum number of edges that can be removed from $G$ such that the resulting graph is 3-edge-colourable, denoted as $r\left(G\right)$ (Steffen, 2004). It is easily shown that $\omega \left(G\right)\ge {\omega }^{\prime }\left(G\right)\ge r\left(G\right)$. While it has been shown that the difference between any two of these measures can be arbitrarily large, it has been conjectured that ${\omega }^{\prime }\left(G\right)\le 2r\left(G\right)$, and that if $G$ is a snark then $\omega \left(G\right)\le 2r\left(G\right)$ (Fiol et al., 2017). In this paper, we disprove the latter by showing that the ratio of oddness to weak oddness can be arbitrarily large. We also offer some insights into the former conjecture by defining what we call resistance reducibility, and hypothesizing that almost all cubic graphs are such resistance reducible.     

Resistance fluctuations in integer quantum-Hall transitions

We have studied the resistance fluctuations (RF) in integer quantum-Hall transitions for high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas systems. The role of coherence in RF is examined by investigating the conductance through two scattering regions, that are spatially separated but interfere quantum-mechanically with each other. The phase coherence does not play a substantial role in determining the pattern of RF, whereas it affects the amplitude of RF.     

Magnetic, resonance and transport properties of nanopowder of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 manganites

X-ray powder diffraction, magnetization, transport and magnetic resonance measurements of nanosize La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ (LCMO) manganites have been performed. The nanosize manganites were synthesized with a co-precipitation method at different (600, 700, 800 and 1000 °C) temperatures. The crystal structure of the nanopowders obtained was determined to be perovskite-like with a rhombohedral distortion (the space group R3¯c). The average size of synthesized nanoparticles (from 17 to 88 nm) was estimated using the X-ray diffraction and low temperature adsorption of argon methods. All the nanosize manganites show ferromagnetic-like ordering. Both the Curie temperature and magnetization decrease with reducing the particle size. The decrease of magnetization is due to the disordered surface shell of particles. The disordered surface layer is a source of the surface anisotropy and is responsible for the increase of coercivity. Temperature dependences of the magnetic resonance spectra parameters have allowed obtaining information on dynamics of magnetic properties in the nanoparticle systems. The resistivity was established to become higher by reducing the particles’ size and increases to a great extent in nanoparticles with the smallest average size at low temperatures. The magnetic entropy was shown to be smaller for the small particles. Using the temperature dependence of magnetic entropy the relative cooling power of the nanosize samples studied was evaluated.     

Kirchhoff index of composite graphs

Let G₁+G₂, G₁°G₂ and G₁{G₂} be the join, corona and cluster of graphs G₁ and G₂, respectively. In this paper, Kirchhoff index formulae of these composite graphs are given.