一种基于苯并噻二唑衍生物的F~-荧光探针分子的理论研究

用密度泛函理论研究了最近实验上合成的一种基于苯并噻二唑衍生物的F~-荧光探针(1)的性质.通过对相关化学反应热力学参数的计算,提出了1对F~-具有高选择性的可能原因;同时用含时密度泛函理论对电子吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱进行了理论计算,解释了实验光谱.     

(3S,4S)-4-氨基-3-羟基-6-甲基庚酸的合成

价廉易得的L-亮氨酸先以苄基同时保护氨基及羧基得(S)-2-(二苄胺基)-4-甲基戊酸苄酯,进而在碱性条件下与乙腈发生亲核取代反应得(S)-4-(二苄胺基)-6-甲基-3-氧代庚腈,再经硼氢化钠选择性还原羰基得(3S,4S)-4-(二苄胺基)-3-羟基-6-甲基庚腈,用双氧水氧化得(3S,4S)-4-(二苄胺基)-3-羟基-6-甲基庚酸,最后在Pd(OH)2/C-H2作用下脱掉苄基得到(3S,4S)-4-氨基-3-羟基-6-甲基庚酸,即(3S,4S)-statine。整个合成路线总产率为33.6%。     

Determining the Zn Content of Cherry in Field Using VNIR Spectroscopy

Visible and near-infrared(VNIR)spectroscopy is an eco-friendly method used for estimating plant nutrient deficiencies.The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using VNIR method for estimating Zn content in cherry orchard leaves under field conditions.The study was conducted in 3different locations in Isparta region of Turkey.Fifteen cherry orchards containing normal and Zn deficient plants were chosen,and 60 leaf samples were collected from each location.The reflectance spectra of the leaves were measured with an ASD FieldSpec HandHeld spectroradiometer and a plant probe.The Zn contents of leaf samples were predicted through laboratory analysis.The spectral reflectance measurements were used to estimate the Zn levels using stepwise multiple linear regression analysis method.Prediction models were created using the highest coefficient of determination value.The results show that Zn content of cherry trees can be estimated using the VNIR spectroscopic method(87.5相似文献   

Scale-up of bubbling fluidized beds with continuous particle flow based on particle-residence-time distribution

Few studies have investigated scale-up of the residence-time distribution（RTD） of particles in bubbling fluidized beds（BFBs） with continuous particle flow.Two approaches were investigated in this study:first,using well-known scaling laws that require changes in particle properties and gas velocity;second,using a simple approach keeping the same particles and gas velocity for different beds.Our theoretical analysis indicates it is possible to obtain similar RTDs in different BFBs with scaling laws if the plug-flow residence time(t_plug) is changed as m^0.5,where m is the scaling ratio of the bed;however,neither approach can ensure similar RTDs if t_plugis kept invariant.To investigate RTD variations using two approaches without changing t_plug,we performed experiments in three BFBs.The derivatives d?（θ）/dθ（where E（θ） is the dimensionless RTD density function and θ is the dimensionless time） in the early stage of the RTDs always varied with m-1,which was attributed to the fact that the particle movement in the early stage were mainly subject to dispersion.Using the simple approach,we obtained similar RTDs by separately treating the RTDs in the early and post-stages.This approach guarantees RTD similarity and provides basic rules for designing BFBs.     

Mass and isotopic concentrations of water-insoluble refractory carbon in total suspended particulates at Mt.Waliguan Observatory(China)

Mass concentration and isotopic values δ¹³C and ¹⁴C are presented for the water-insoluble refractory carbon（WIRC） component of total suspended particulates（TSP）,collected weekly during 2003,as well as from October 2005 to May 2006 at the WMO-GAW Mt.Waliguan（WLG） site.The overall average WIRC mass concentration was（1183±120）ng/m³（n = 79）,while seasonal averages were 2081 ±1707（spring）,454±205（summer）,650±411（autumn）,and 1019±703（winter） ng/m3.Seasonal variations in WIRC mass concentrations were consistent with black carbon measurements from an aethalometer,although WIRC concentrations were typically higher,especially in winter and spring.The δ¹³C PDB value（-25.3 ± 0.8）%.determined for WIRC suggests that its sources are C₃ biomass or fossil fuel combustion.No seasonal change in δ¹³C PDB was evident.The average percent Modern Carbon（pMC） for ¹⁴C in WIRC for winter and spring was（67.2 ± 7.7）%（n = 29）.Lower pMC values were associated with air masses transported from the area east of WLG,while higher pMC values were associated with air masses from the Tibetan Plateau,southwest of WLG.Elevated pMC values with abnormally high mass concentrations of TSP and WIRC were measured during a dust storm event.     

Ni–Al composite hydroxides fabricated by cation–anion double hydrolysis method for high-performance supercapacitor

Chemical doping of nickel hydroxide with other cations(e.g. Al~(3+)) is an efficient way to enhance its electrochemical capacitive performances. Herein, a simple cation–anion(Ni~(2+)and AlO_2) double hydrolysis method was developed toward the synthesis of nickel–aluminum(Ni–Al) composite hydroxides. The obtained composite hydroxides possesses a porous structure, large surface area(121 m~2/g) and homogeneous element distribution. The electrochemical test shows that the obtained composite hydroxides exhibits a superior supercapacitive performances(specific capacitance of 1670F/g and rate capability of 87% from 0.5 A/g to 20 A/g) to doping-free nickel hydroxide(specific capacitance of 1227 F/g and rate capability of 47% from 0.5 A/g to 20 A/g). Moreover, the galvanostatic charge/discharge test displays that after 2000 cycles at large current density of 10 A/g, the composite hydroxides achieves a high capacitance retention of 98%, indicative of an excellent electrochemical cycleability.     

一类具非光滑位势p(x)-Laplace方程解的存在性

在非光滑临界点理论的基础上,利用带非光滑(PS)条件的山路引理,结合嵌入定理和Lebourg中值定理,获得了一类具非光滑位势p(x)-Laplace方程解的存在性.     

氮氧自由基与氨基酸偶联物的设计合成与结构表征

将对甲酰基苯甲酸分别与氨基乙酸甲酯和4-氨基丁酸甲酯生成酰胺后,再分别与2,3-二甲基-2,3-二羟氨基丁烷进行缩合反应,最后经高碘酸钠氧化得到两种氮氧自由基与氨基酸偶联物,并通过IR、EPR、EI-MS和元素分析对目标化合物的结构进行了表征.     

Methane dehydroaromatization with periodic CH4-H2 switch:A promising process for aromatics and hydrogen

Long-term stability test of Mo/HZSM-5-N catalysts(HZSM-5-N stands for nano-sized HZSM-5) in methane dehydroaromatization(MDA)reaction has been performed with periodic CH4-H2 switch at 1033-1073 K for more than 1000 h.During this test,methane conversion ranges from 13% to 16%,and mean yield to aromatics(i.e.benzene and naphthalene) exceeds 10%.N2-physisorption,XRD,NMR and TPO measurements were performed for the used Mo/HZSM-5 catalysts and coke deposition,and the results revealed that the periodic hydrogenation can effectively suppress coke deposition by removing the inert aromatic-type coke,thus ensuring Mo/HZSM-5 partly maintained its activity even in the presence of large amount of coke deposition.The effect of zeolite particle size on the catalytic activity was also explored,and the results showed that the nano-sized zeolite with low diffusion resistance performed better.It is recognized that the size effect was enhanced by reaction time,and it became more remarkable in a long-term MDA reaction even at a low space velocity.     

灰色物元分析法在导弹集装箱运输环境风险评估中的应用

导弹利用集装箱运输将会成为一种趋势,但运输环境的严酷给运输工作带来了巨大的挑战.通过建立导弹集装箱运输风险指标体系,找出了关键风险因素及其危害,采用灰色物元分析法对这一风险进行了评判,并与直接采用物元法的评估方式进行了对比,验证了灰色物元分析法在此问题的评估中优于物元法.