锇催化烯烃双羟基化的反应原理与立体选择性

介绍了四氧化锇催化不对称烯烃双羟基化的反应原理和以N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物（N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide,NMO）、铁氰化钾K3[Fe（CN）6] 为氧化剂时烯烃双羟基化反应的催化循环;此外,还介绍了该催化反应立体选择性的机理和一些研究进展以及催化体系中手性配体的选择。     

Structural analysis of chiral complexes of palladium(0) with 15-membered triolefinic macrocyclic ligands

The complete structural analysis of the palladium complexes of the triolefinic macrocycles (E,E,E)-1,6,11-tris(arylsulfonyl)-1,6,11-triazacyclopentadeca-3,8,13-trienes, which featured from three identical to three different aryl groups, was achieved by performing X-ray diffraction studies, NMR spectroscopy, and other calculations. The stereochemical complexity is determined by the different isomers formed through complexation of the metal to one or other face of each of the three olefins involved. The palladacyclopropane formulation of the palladium-olefin interaction offers a clear picture of the stereogenicity of the olefin carbon atoms that are complexed to the metal. The energetically favorable isomers were identified in the solid-state and in solution by performing X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopic analysis, respectively.     

大位阻手性吡咯烷(salen)Mn(III)配合物在烯烃不对称环氧化反应中的应用

设计合成了具有大位阻的手性吡咯烷(salen)Mn(III)配合物Mn3,并研究了其在NaClO水/有机两相氧化体系中催化烯烃的不对称环氧化反应性能。 具有叔胺基团的配合物Mn3具有比Jacobsen催化剂更高的反应活性、以及近似的产率和略高的对映选择性。 尤其是过量CH₃I的加入可以极大地缩短环氧化反应的时间,而高产率和高对映选择性依然保持。     

Palladacycle as highly efficient catalyst for ring opening of oxabicyclic alkenes with organozinc halides

Ring opening reaction of oxabicylic alkenes 4 with in situ prepared organozinc halides 5 was catalyzed by palladacycle 3 with high efficiency. Good yields of the corresponding 1,2-dihydronaphth-1-ols (6) were provided when as low as 0.05 mol% of palladacycle 3 was used. ³¹P NMR study showed that the skeleton of 3 remained intact in the reaction, which implied that palladacycle 3 did not serve as a catalyst precursor but a catalyst in the reaction.     

Reaction Between 1,3-Dicarbonyl-Containing CH Acids and Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylates in the Presence of Silica Gel in Solvent-Free Conditions: An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Electron-Poor Alkenes and Pyranes

A two-component condensation reaction between a 1,3-dicarbonyl-containing CH acid and an electron-poor acetylenic ester efficiently provides fully substituted electron-poor alkenes and pyranes in a one-pot reaction in the presence of silica gel in solvent-free conditions.     

Chemoselective aerobic oxidation of 4-allylanisol by Fe(III) porphyrins in an aqueous system

The allyl moiety of 4-allyl-anisol was oxidized in the presence of a Fe(III) porphyrin derivative to the corresponding α,β-unsaturated aldehyde in an initial oxidation step with perfect chemoselectivity. Molecular oxygen was employed as the sole environmental innocuous oxidant. The reaction was performed in an aqueous buffer/CH₂Cl₂ mixture using the detergent Tween 80 to homogenize the system.     

Enhanced Catalytic Aryl Alkene Oxidation by Constructing Hierarchical Polyoxometalate-Based Metal-Organic Framework

Achieving highly selective oxidation of aryl alkenes to aldehydes is of great significance in chemical industry. Herein, the performance of catalytic aryl alkene oxidation is enhanced via constructing a hierarchical fractal polyoxometalate-based metal–organic framework (POM@MOF) containing hierarchical pores and layered surface structure, which improve the mass transfer efficiency of substrates and increase the accessibility to active POMs clusters. Accordingly, the activity of fractal POM@MOF is increased by 4.8 times compared with microporous counterpart in 4-tert-butylstyrene oxidation to aldehyde product. This work paves a way for designing efficient catalysts for selective oxidation of aryl alkenes via increasing the accessibility of active sites and broadening the diffusion channels by hierarchical construction.     

Multicomponent and Metal-Free Diels–Alder/Aromatization Approach to the Stereospecific Synthesis of E-(Hetero)Stilbenes and Diarylacetylenes

Herein, we present a novel and metal-free approach to the stereospecific synthesis of E-stilbenes. Starting from substituted 6-arylhexa-3,5-dien-2-ones, a multicomponent enolacetylation/intermolecular Diels–Alder reaction was performed using ethyl acetate as a green solvent. The obtained cycloadducts were then oxidized without purification to produce the stilbenic products in good yields up to 67 % and with complete (E)-stereospecificity and regioselectivity. Moreover, heterostilbenes were synthetized using this approach, displaying the potential applications of this protocol in pharmaceutical and material sciences. The proposed methodology was further extended to the synthesis of diarylacetylenes, furnishing a new metal-free synthetic access to this important class of compounds. Furthermore, DFT calculations were performed confirming a concerted [4+2] reaction mechanism of the key ring-forming step. At last, the energetic analysis of the possible transition states helps to shed some light on the experimentally observed total regio- and chemoselectivity.     

钯催化的烯烃与三嗪烷氢胺羰基化反应研究

酰胺类化合物广泛应用于医药、农药、材料、合成化学等领域,因此,新型且高效合成酰胺的方法一直具有很高的关注度.我们首次使用环状脂肪三级胺类化合物—1,3,5-三嗪烷作胺源,成功解决了钯催化的烯烃氢胺羰基化反应领域中脂肪胺对钯催化剂的毒化问题,合成了多种烷基支链酰胺化合物,并提出了可能的反应机理.