Alternatives to the Halpern-Läuchli theorem

In this paper, it is shown that the fact that the BPI holds in the Cohen's symmetric model can be used as an equal substitute for the Halpern-Läuchli theorem. Also, some alternatives to the Halpern-Läuchli theorem in the form of absoluteness theorems for a certain class of statements are consequences¹ of such consistency results. The article also contains a new proof of the Halpern-Läuchli theorem.     

A comprehensive review of phytochemistry,pharmacology and clinical applications of Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis

ObjectivesUncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis (URCU) belonging to the genus Uncaria is widely distributed in China and used in folk medicine, which has the effect of clearing heat and calming the liver, extinguishing wind and settling convulsion. So, it is used to treat hypertension and neurological diseases. Herein, we reported a review on botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical applications reported from 1973 up to 2022. All the information and studies concerning URCU were summarized from the library and digital databases (e.g. Sciencedirect, SciFinder, Medline PubMed, Google Scholar, and CNKI).Key findingsA total of 190 articles about URCU have been collected. The phytochemical investigations of URCU revealed the presence of more than 371 chemical components, including alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phytosterols and phenolics. Moreover, the compounds isolated from URCU possessed a wide spectrum of pharmacology such as anti-hypertension, antiinflammation, anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-epilepsy, anti-depressant, ischemic brain injury, neuroprotection, anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-Parkinson's disease and antiasthma.SummaryIn this paper, the botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical applications of URCU were reviewed. As a source of traditional folk medicine, URCU has high medicinal value and are widely used in medicine. Therefore, we hope our review can help URCU get better development and utilization.     

Target-Specific Bioorthogonal Reactions for Precise Biomedical Applications

Bioorthogonal chemistry is a promising toolbox for dissecting biological processes in the native environment. Recently, bioorthogonal reactions have attracted considerable attention in the medical field for treating diseases, since this approach may lead to improved drug efficacy and reduced side effects via in situ drug synthesis. For precise biomedical applications, it is a prerequisite that the reactions should occur in the right locations and on the appropriate therapeutic targets. In this minireview, we highlight the design and development of targeted bioorthogonal reactions for precise medical treatment. First, we compile recent strategies for achieving target-specific bioorthogonal reactions. Further, we emphasize their application for the precise treatment of different therapeutic targets. Finally, a perspective is provided on the challenges and future directions of this emerging field for safe, efficient, and translatable disease treatment.