石墨烯在Ni(111)表面生长机理的紧束缚计算研究

本文采用SCC-DFTB方法,研究了石墨烯在Ni金属(111)表面上的生长机理及在台阶面生长情况.结果分析表明,苯环在Ni表面吸附时以界面fcc构型总能最低,结构最为稳定.边缘生长时,附着在衬底表面上的石墨烯层中C原子活性从边缘向中间逐渐降低.在由(111)晶面和(111)晶面相交形成的台阶面上,石墨烯片层可连续生长,同时相对衬底表面发生一定偏转,在较大面积时将出现缺陷.改善石墨烯与衬底台阶处的界面不匹配情况将有利于其大面积高质量生长.     

Ground-State Ionization Potentials for Lithium through Neon Isoelectronic Sequences with Z = 37-82

The ground-state ionization potentials of different isoelectronic sequences are calculated systemically with the multi-configuration Dirac-Fock method. The relativistic corrections, Breit and QED effects are included in the calculation. These results are compared with the scanty existing theoretical and experimental data in the literature, Analytical expressions are obtained for expressing our theoretical data along the different sequences.     

原子吸收光谱和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中的总铬

为了探讨原子吸收光谱法和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中的总铬分析方法的异同,分别采用两种方法对工业废水中的总铬进行了对比分析,对样品前处理方法,方法的标准曲线、检出限、准确度、精密度、干扰及消除等进行了比较,并对两种方法的测定结果进行t检验。结果表明,两种方法具有良好的一致性。相对来说,原子发射光谱法各方面指标要优于原子吸收光谱法。     

纳米SnO2的水热法合成及光催化性能研究

以SnCl2·2H2O为原料、酒石酸为络合剂,采用水热法制备了SnO2纳米颗粒,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM),紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱及荧光光谱(PL)等对样品的物相结构、微观形貌、光吸收性能等进行分析表征,以酸性红B模拟染料废水,考察了其光催化性能.结果表明:不同水热温度下所合成的样品均为四方晶系SnO2,空间群为P42/mnm,晶胞参数a=b=0.4738nm,c=0.3187 nm;160℃下所得样品具有优异的光催化性能,颗粒基本呈球形,尺寸约为13～23 nm.当催化剂用量为20 mg/50 mL,紫外光为光源,反应时间为50 min时,酸性红B的降解率可达97.1;,且降解反应属于一级反应动力学机理.     

Three-and two-dimensional calculations for the interface anisotropy dependence of magnetic properties of exchange-spring Nd2Fe(14)B/α-Fe multilayers with out-of-plane easy axes

Hysteresis loops,energy products and magnetic moment distributions of perpendicularly oriented Nd2Fe(14)B/α-Fe exchange-spring multilayers are studied systematically based on both three-dimensional(3D)and one-dimensional(1D)micromagnetic methods,focused on the influence of the interface anisotropy.The calculated results are carefully compared with each other.The interface anisotropy effect is very palpable on the nucleation,pinning and coercive fields when the soft layer is very thin.However,as the soft layer thickness increases,the pinning and coercive fields are almost unchanged with the increment of interface anisotropy though the nucleation field still monotonically rises.Negative interface anisotropy decreases the maximum energy products and increases slightly the angles between the magnetization and applied field.The magnetic moment distributions in the thickness direction at various applied fields demonstrate a progress of three-step magnetic reversal,i.e.,nucleation,evolution and irreversible motion of the domain wall.The above results calculated by two models are in good agreement with each other.Moreover,the in-plane magnetic moment orientations based on two models are different.The 3D calculation shows a progress of generation and disappearance of vortex state,however,the magnetization orientations within the film plane calculated by the 1D model are coherent.Simulation results suggest that negative interface anisotropy is necessarily avoided experimentally.     

基于纳米锥森林结构的表面增强拉曼散射透明器件研究

具有无损、超灵敏和实时检测优点的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)器件具有重要研究意义。目前,针对SERS器件的大部分研究都围绕着非透明的器件展开。使用此类器件检测高浓度试剂时,激光只能从正面入射。这意味着入射激光需要穿透被测试剂分子层才能到达位于其下方的金属纳米结构表面,因此用于激发金属纳米结构表面等离子体共振(SPR)的激光能量被减弱,相应地,SERS光谱信号也被减弱;此外,SERS光谱信号因被测试剂分子层的遮挡,无法高效返回到电荷耦合元件(CCD)中,再次被大幅度减弱,甚至有可能完全无法被检测到。相比之下,如果使用透明SERS器件,检测过程中将被测试剂分子置于器件正面,激光从器件背面入射,此时高浓度被测试剂分子层对入射激光和SERS光谱信号的干扰最小。这种情况下,可以得到较好的光谱信号。通过在石英基底上旋涂聚酰亚胺(PI)层,然后通过氧等离子体对PI层进行无掩模轰击,在石英基底上自行生成纳米纤维掩模,配合反应离子刻蚀工艺(RIE)制备了石英纳米锥森林结构。之后,通过金属纳米颗粒溅射工艺,得到SERS透明器件。对于该SERS透明器件,在测试过程中,拉曼激光可从器件的正面以及背面分别入射。初步的测试结果表明,对于罗丹明6G(R6G)在10^-3~10^-6 mol·L^-1这一浓度范围内,背面入射方式收集的SERS光谱信号强度高于正面入射方式。另外,进一步研究了该SERS透明器件背面检测的一致性,得到了良好的结果,证明了其在实际生化检测中的可行性。这一工作有望扩展SERS在分析物检测领域中的应用。     

Li-like Fe-L壳层等离子体辐射光谱模拟

利用碰撞辐射平衡和离化平衡下的等离子体X-射线发射谱理论,对铁元素L壳层等离子体,在中高能区电子温度范围内,以碰撞激发、离化、辐射复合和双电子复合等动力学过程为主的Fe24 、Fe23 和Fe22 三离子体系X射线谱进行了理论模拟,得到其X射线光谱图,反映出X射线谱辐射波长、辐射强度同电子温度、密度之间的关系,得到了等离子体诊断所关心的电子温度、密度参量的定性关系.     

Systematical Study on Ground-State Ionization Potentials for Boron and Carbon Isoelectronic Sequences with Z =6-42

The multi-configuration Dirac-Fock method is used in this work to calculate ground-state ionization potentials of Boron and Carbon isoelectronic sequences from Z = 6 to Z=42. And the contribution of relativistic corrections, nuclear volume effect, Breit and QED effects to tile results is discussed in the calculation. The results are compared with the scanty existing theoretical and experimental data in the literature and good agreements are achieved. Then analytical expressions of lonization potential along Boron and Carbon isoelectronic sequences are obtained.     

聚氯乙烯(PVC)的阻燃与抑烟研究进展

综述了无机阻燃剂对聚氯乙烯(PVC)阻燃和抑烟性能的影响,对阻燃剂和抑烟剂作了分类介绍。重点介绍了金属氢氧化物、锑系、硼系、锡系、红磷和含锌化合物等阻燃剂,对各体系进行了比较,指出各体系的阻燃机理、添加量、以及常用的改进方法。介绍了水滑石、沸石、蒙脱土等新型无机阻燃剂,这些阻燃剂在PVC的应用中具有潜在的优势,具有添加量少、阻燃效率高的优点。阻燃剂与抑烟剂的超细化、活性化、复合化是PVC阻燃与抑烟改性的发展方向。     

一种新的基于分布式入侵检测的警报聚类方法

针对大量的异构入侵检测传感器产生的警报泛滥问题，提出了一种在线警报聚类融合模型．该模型根据自我学习和调节，建立元警报作为警报聚类融合的基础，对新产生的警报进行分类、聚类，最终将警报特征与元警报融合，扩充元警报的特征信息．实验结果表明该方法能够有效地减少警报数量，提供具有指导意义的入侵响应，并且聚类结果可被用来进行进一步的网络态势评估．