前向散射对激光水下成像的影响

为研究前向散射对水下成像的影响,利用辐射传输理论建立了激光水下成像前向散射理论模型,提出了水下成像前向散射影响系数,用以表征前向散射对水下成像质量的影响程度,并给出了前向散射功率及前向散射影响系数的解析表达式。利用Matlab进行了数值模拟分析,得出了水下成像前向散射光功率和影响系数随探测水深及水衰减系数的变化规律,说明了非对称因子的取值对成像质量具有较大的影响。     

微喷加载装置中爆轰波阵面的测量

 根据金属材料微喷射激光全息诊断技术的要求,提出了一种测量微喷加载装置中爆轰波波前形状的实验方法,利用快响应光纤探针阵列来测量传爆药柱加载飞片的冲击波波前形状,并根据所得的实验数据用计算机模拟出爆轰波波前的形状,给出冲击波到达飞片上表面的时间分散性曲线。     

中子共振谱测温的研究和应用

本文简要回顾了中子共振测温技术发展的过程,介绍了该技术在测温特别是冲击加载条件下材料内部测温方面的进展和应用。论述了该技术的理论模型与数据分析方法,探讨了测温共振位选择,测温实验中子源选择,测温数据分析软件等多方面内容。     

First-principles study of lattice dynamics and thermodynamics ofosmium under pressure

We have performed the first-principles linear response calculations of the lattice dynamics, thermal equation of state and thermodynamical properties of hcp Os metal by using the plane-wave pseudopotential method. The thermodynamical properties are deduced from the calculated Helmholtz free energy by taking into account the electronic contribution and lattice vibrational contribution. The phonon frequencies at Gamma point are consistent with experimental values and the dispersion curves at various pressures have been determined. The calculated volume, bulk modulus and their pressure derivatives as a function of temperature are in excellent agreement with the experimental results. The calculated specific heat indicates that the electronic contribution is important not only at very low temperatures but also at high temperatures due to the electronic thermal excitation. The calculated Debye temperature at a very low temperature is in good agreement with experimental values and drops to a constant until 100~K.