Cd2+和Ni2+在粉煤灰上的吸附特性

考察了粉煤灰对Cd2+和Ni2+的单组分吸附和双组分吸附性能。结果表明,粉煤灰可有效吸附水溶液中的Cd2+和Ni2+,去除率随pH升高而增加。吸附约60min后趋于平衡。粉煤灰对Ni2+的吸附容量高于Cd2+。单组分吸附平衡符合Freundlich模型和Redlich Peterson (R P)模型。双组分吸附时,Ni2+和Cd2+之间存在明显的竞争吸附效应;随干扰离子浓度升高,竞争吸附效应增强。不同模型拟合结果表明,双组分吸附平衡符合Freundlich竞争吸附模型。脱附实验表明,Cd2+比Ni2+易于脱附;0.1mol/L HCl、0.1mol/L HNO3 和0.05mol/L H2SO4的脱附效果接近,对Cd2+脱附率>60%,对Ni2+脱附率>35%。     

壳聚糖基磁性树脂对Au^3＋和Ag^＋的吸附特性——Ⅰ吸附平衡和动力学研究

利用反相乳液分散-化学交联法制备磁性壳聚糖微球(TMCS),并经硫脲改性,用于吸附水溶液中Au3 和Ag .用光学显微图、红外图谱(FTTR)、X射线衍射(XRD)等对吸附剂进行了表征.考察了TMCS对Au3 和Ag 的吸附特性.结果表明,等温吸附线可用Langmuir模型拟合,饱和吸附容量分别为:Au3 3.53mmol/g;Ag 1.98 mmol/g.二者的吸附容量均随pH升高而增加.吸附动力学可用拟二级模型拟合.双组分吸附实验表明,TMCS对Au3 和Ag 有良好的吸附选择性.     

羧甲基化壳聚糖- Fe3O4纳米粒子的制备及对Zn2+的吸附行为

以共沉淀法制备纳米Fe3O4, 通过在颗粒表面接枝羧甲基化壳聚糖(CMC), 制备一种新型磁性纳米吸附剂, 用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)等对其进行了表征, 并考察了吸附剂对Zn2+的吸附性能. 结果表明, 制备的磁性纳米吸附剂平均粒径18 nm, 粒子中CMC的含量约5%. 该吸附剂对Zn2+吸附速率很快, 在2 min内基本达到平衡, 能有效去除Zn2+. 等温吸附数据符合Langmuir模型, 饱和吸附容量为20.4 mg•g−1, 吸附常数为0.0314 L•mg−1. 热力学计算表明吸附为放热过程, 焓变为−5.68 kJ•mol−1.     

液浸冷却系统中丙三醇液体的耐受性分析

设计了高温、紫外及温度紫外耦合实验考察丙三醇的耐候性.利用紫外可见光谱仪、红外光谱仪检测实验前后丙i醇性质的变化,并测试了液浸硅电池的电性能和表面形貌的变化.结果表明,实验后丙三醇的光谱透过率在小于600nm的低波段有所降低,红外光谱显示其发生了氧化反应生成微最的羰基.用丙三醇液浸硅电池的电性能没有衰降,但是电池表面出现了微量颗粒状物质.用理论分析了液体性质变化的原因,并由此建议醇类液体不适于在液浸光伏系统中作为冷却液体.     

CuO added Pb_(0.92)Sr_(0.06)Ba_(0.02)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(0.25)(Ti_(0.53)Zr_(0.47))_(0.75)O_3 ceramics sintered with Ag electrodes at 900℃ for multilayer piezoelectric actuator

CuO added Pb_(0.92)Sr_(0.06)Ba_(0.02)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(0.25)(Ti_(0.53)Zr_(0.47))_(0.75)O_3 ceramics were studied to prepare high-quality multilayer piezoelectric actuators with pure Ag electrodes at 900℃. Cu O addition not only reduced the sintering temperature significantly from 1260℃ to 900℃ but also improved the ceramic density to 7.742 g/cm~3. The 0.7 wt.% Cu O added ceramic sintered at 900℃ shows the remnant polarization(P_r) of 40 μC/cm~2, 0.28% strain at 40 kV/cm, and the piezoelectric coefficient(d_(33)) of 630 pC/N. This ceramic shows a strong relaxor characteristic with a Curie temperature of 200℃. Furthermore, the 0.7 wt.% CuO added ceramic and pure Ag electrodes were co-fired at 900℃ to prepare a high-quality multilayer piezoelectric actuator with a d_(33) of over 450 pC/N per ceramic layer.