Taylor公式在判断级数敛散性时的应用

在一些证明级数敛散性的问题中，Taylor公式的应用有时能起到关键作用．通过实例说明如何运用这一思想，讨论级数的敛散性问题．     

思路自然学生才能学得会——几道数学问题的另解

《数学通报》、《数学教学》、《数学通讯》(学生刊)等杂志定期推出数学问题.这些问题新颖别致,可探索性强,召唤着我们去研究和创造出更多相关的问题,引领学生探究优美解法及其结论推广,起到启迪思维、开发智力、扩宽视野、提升能力的作用,所以它被作为师生竞赛和自主招生等教与学的良好载体.教学中发现,某些问题的解题思路不够自然,技巧性过强,脱离了师生群体的认知基础,就此生吞活剥,强行灌输,不但无法达到预期的效果,反而容易挫伤学生学习的积极性.笔者结合学生情况对部分问题给出另解,不足之处,欢迎大家批评指正.     

毛细管探针法测定液体表面张力系数的进一步研究

采用较大直径的毛细管对探针法测量液体表面张力系数做了进一步研究.文中引用了Prokhorov提出的改进的瑞利公式,介绍了表面张力系数α的各相关公式的适用范围.实验中利用毛细管探针法测量了几个不同温度下蒸馏水在一直径为5.744.nm的毛细管中的上升高度,用Prokhorov公式计算α.实验测得的蒸馏水的表面张力系数与公认值的百分误差约小于0.13%.最后对实验结果的误差原因进行了分析.     

ON THE EXPECTED DISCOUNTED PENALTY FUNCTION IN A MARKOV-DEPENDENT RISK MODEL WITH CONSTANT DIVIDEND BARRIER

This article considers a Markov-dependent risk model with a constant dividend barrier. A system of integro-differential equations with boundary conditions satisfied by the expected discounted penalty function, with given initial environment state, is derived and solved. Explicit formulas for the discounted penalty function are obtained when the initial surplus is zero or when all the claim amount distributions are from rational family. In two state model, numerical illustrations with exponential claim amounts are given.     

On the order of summability of the Fourier inversion formula

In this article we show that the order of the point value, in the sense of Łojasiewicz, of a tempered distribution and the order of summability of the pointwise Fourier inversion formula are closely related. Assuming that the order of the point values and certain order of growth at infinity are given for a tempered distribution, we estimate the order of summability of the Fourier inversion formula. For Fourier series, and in other cases, it is shown that if the distribution has a distributional point value of order k, then its Fourier series is e.v. Cesàro summable to the distributional point value of order k+1. Conversely, we also show that if the pointwise Fourier inversion formula is e.v. Cesàro summable of order k, then the distribution is the (k+1)-th derivative of a locally integrable function, and the distribution has a distributional point value of order k+2. We also establish connections between orders of summability and local behavior for other Fourier inversion problems.     

自然数幂方和用二项系数表示的系数公式

得到了自然数幂方和由二项系数表示的系数a_i~(k)的公式,和由排列数表示的系数b_i~(k)的公式,证明了系数存在唯一性及系数间的若干重要性质,给出了计算系数的C-语言程序.