基于高温超导SQUID的低场核磁共振研究

采用一高温超导射频量子干涉器(HTS rf-SQUID)作为信号探测器件,研究了多种液体样品的低场核磁共振信号。通过改变测量场(简称Bm)的大小,可以探测到质子拉莫频率(简称fL)从2Hz到40kHz的信号。由于在低场核磁共振中,Bm的均匀性能很好的得到满足,因而可能得到很窄的谱线宽度。实验发现,对自来水样品,在7μT以下均可接近谱线的自然宽度。同时,在低场核磁共振条件下,样品的化学位移很小以至于消失,因而可以研究"纯"的异核间的自旋耦合谱。作者研究了低场下2,2,2-三氟乙醇的低场自旋耦合谱。另外,作者首次采用SQUID在户外探测到地球磁场下的核磁共振现象,并研究了地球磁场的涨落对测量的影响,为SQUID的低场核磁共振研究开辟了一个新的研究方向。     

An efficient calibration method for SQUID measurement system using three orthogonal Helmholtz coils

For a practical superconducting quantum interference device(SQUID) based measurement system,the Tesla/volt coefficient must be accurately calibrated.In this paper,we propose a highly efficient method of calibrating a SQUID magnetometer system using three orthogonal Helmholtz coils.The Tesla/volt coefficient is regarded as the magnitude of a vector pointing to the normal direction of the pickup coil.By applying magnetic fields through a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil,the Tesla/volt coefficient can be directly calculated from magnetometer responses to the three orthogonally applied magnetic fields.Calibration with alternating current(AC) field is normally used for better signal-to-noise ratio in noisy urban environments and the results are compared with the direct current(DC) calibration to avoid possible effects due to eddy current.In our experiment,a calibration relative error of about 6.89 × 10-4is obtained,and the error is mainly caused by the non-orthogonality of three axes of the Helmholtz coils.The method does not need precise alignment of the magnetometer inside the Helmholtz coil.It can be used for the multichannel magnetometer system calibration effectively and accurately.     

Multichannel fetal magnetocardiography using SQUID bootstrap circuit

Fetal magnetocardiography （MCG） is a sophisticated non-invasive technique for the fetal heart diagnosis. We constructed a multichannel fetal MCG system based on a novel superconducting quantum interference device （SQUID） direct readout scheme called SQUID bootstrap circuit （SBC）. The system incorporates four SBC gradiometers for the signal detection and three SBC magnetometers as the references. The fetal MCG signal at a 28-weeks’ gestation was measured. By the fetal MCG signal separation and average, the P-wave and QRS complex can be clearly identified. These results indicate that the SBC is one of the most promising techniques for the fetal MCG recordings.     

Effect of HTS Superconductors on Homogeneity of Measurement Field in Low Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Detection

In recent years, superconducting quantum interference devices （SQUIDs） have been demonstrated to be useful in the low field nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） measurements. The high temperature superconducting （HTS） SQUID used in our experiments has a frequency-independent sensitivity of 40-50fT/Hz^1/2. When a liquid nitrogen cooled LC circuit is employed to form a tuned circuit with the SQUID, the sensitivity of the system can be further enhanced. The LC circuit consists of a capacitor and a coil made of copper wire or HTS tape, which is inductively coupled to the SQUID. However, the homogeneity of the measurement field deteriorates because of the HTS tape coil in the proximity of the sample. In contrast, the thin film SQUID with a washer area of 1 cm^2 has no effect on the NMR signal. Therefore, the impairment of the measurement field homogeneity in the case of different superconducting elements nearby is discussed by examining the free induction decay signals at 9 kHz. It is found that a square superconducting film with an area of i cm^2 may compensate for the inhomogeneity of the measurement field after the adjustment of its position.     

YBa2Cu3Ox(123)超导体的微波焊接及其对微观结构的影响

对Ｙ－系（１２３）相超导材料的微波焊接进行了初步研究，结果表明微波快速焊接后的试样，经９６０℃空气中退火１５ｈ后炉冷，其Ｔ_c可恢复至８９．７Ｋ，比焊接前试样的Ｔ_c低１．６Ｋ。利用电子探针对焊接前后样品的显微结构进行了比较，发现焊区组织致密，但在后处理过程中超导相发生了再结晶，导致焊缝变宽，气孔因聚集而变大。同时用电子微探针分析仪发现，焊接后焊区普遍存在Ｙ₂ＢａＣｕＯ_x相、Ｂａ_2-yＣｕ_{y 关键词：}     

Bi系超导材料的微波焊接及其显微结构研究

微波焊接技术近年来发展较快,它有下列优点:1)能耗低;2)升温速度快;3)接头质量高等。本文研究了Bi系超导材料微波焊接的可行性。结果表明,经855℃60h热处理后,焊接试样的T_c可达107K,与焊接前试样的T_c一致,焊区强度已经高于基体。利用电子探针对焊接前后的显微结构进行了比较,发现焊区组织致密,但在后处理过程中发生再结晶,导致焊区晶粒较大,焊缝变宽且焊区内存在较多杂相。 关键词：     

INFLUENCE OF OXYGEN UPON THE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY OF THE Pb-DOPED 2223 SUPERCONDUCTOR

The influences of oxygen content (by quenching from different temperatures in air or oxygen) and its re-distribution (by annealing in nitrogen at 200℃) on T_c and room temperature resistivity were studied. It was found that T_c as a function of oxygen content or charge carrier concentration exhibits a maximum. Upon oxygen re-distribution, the room temperature resistivity would always inclose but T_c would change in a complicated way. T_c increases for the oxygen-rich state and decreases for the oxygen-deficient state Internal friction measurements showed that there are two kinds of oxygen defects in the Bi₂-O₂ layers. One is the isolated oxygen interstitials and the other is oxygen vacancies on the excess oxygen chains. It is proposed that the isolated interstitial oxygen will produce a set of impurity states near the Fermi level, and will create holes on the Cu3d-O2p band through charge transfer from the Cu3d-O2p band to the impurity states. The content of the isolated oxygen interstitial is believed to be the major factor for determining the charge carrier concentration. Variation of T_c and room temperature resistivity with oxygen re-distribution is sat-isfactorily explained as to be induced by combination of oxygen interstitials with oxygen vacancies on the excess oxygen-chains.     

一种含稀土半菁的二阶非线性光学材料的研究

LB膜技术作为一种重要手段，可以在分子水平上对材料进行组装．有机化合物作为非线性光学材料，由于具有很大的非线性系数、光学响应速度快及光损伤阈值大等优点而受到人们的重视[1]．对于二阶非线性光学材料而言，其发色团分子的非中。心对称结构是其非线性光学信号叠加的必要条件．LB膜技术以其不同的沉积方式，可有效地控制有机分子的排列和取向，形成非中，心对称结构，成为制备高性能二阶非线性光学材料的良好手段．我们首先将疏水性的稀土配阴离子引入非线性光学成膜材料中，由于其体积较大，可以避免对形成LB膜不利的H聚体的生成…     

应用于无屏蔽心磁测量中的平面三轴磁强计

目前,无屏蔽心磁测量中主要的噪声抑制技术是梯度计.通常,由于制作工艺不完美和结构不对称等原因,梯度计具有一定的不平衡性.为了提高梯度计的噪声抑制能力,需要采用磁强计进行补偿.本文基于低温超导量子干涉仪（SQUID）设计并制作了平面三轴磁强计.设计思想是通过增加磁通反馈线圈与SQUID间的互感系数,减小了三轴磁强计间的相...     

超导量子干涉器件读出电路中匹配变压器的传输特性研究

在磁通调制超导量子干涉器件(SQUID)的读出电路中, 匹配变压器具有放大信号和阻抗匹配的功能, 是实现SQUID低噪声读出的关键元件. 利用模拟SQUID电路对匹配变压器进行性能测试, 研究了不同绕制匝数变压器的传输特性, 确定最佳绕制匝数比. 在变压器拾取SQUID电压信号的耦合网络中, 研究了不同电容对变压器传输特性的影响, 实现了变压器耦合网络参数的匹配和优化. 室温下匝数比为1:20的匹配变压器在匹配电容C=1μF时, 输出源电压增益为21.2, 带宽范围可达到210 kHz. 最后在基于磁通调制式DC SQUID读出电路中, 对匹配变压器的工作性能进行了评估与验证. 关键词： 超导量子干涉器件读出电路 匹配变压器 低噪声 传输特性