基于蒙特卡罗方法的α粒子细胞S值计算

在放射性免疫治疗以及硼中子俘获治疗（BNCT）等放射性治疗过程中,粒子通过与人体组织材料相互作用产生次级电子将能量传递给人体组织,放射性核素在细胞尺度分布的不均匀性将严重影响靶区剂量分布。为深入了解放射性核素在细胞中不同位置分布对靶区剂量影响,采用基于历史凝聚算法的Monte Carlo 工具包Geant4编写了细胞S值计算程序。计算了2种细胞尺寸,12种粒子能量,3种源分布方式的细胞S值,与医学内照射剂量（MIRD）委员会解析算法的计算结果进行对比,发现两者差异在1%以内。证明了Geant4在m尺度下细胞剂量计算的可行性,并对BNCT治疗过程中产生的粒子(1.47 MeV与1.78 MeV)的细胞S值进行计算。     

单光子计数型CCD的蒙特卡罗模拟

建立了适用于研究PI-LCX:1300型单光子计数型CCD量子效率及多像素事件的蒙特卡罗模拟模型,采用蒙特卡罗程序Geant4对0.5~30.0 keV能量区间的X射线在CCD芯片中的输运进行了模拟研究。研究了X射线在CCD芯片中的能量沉积谱,给出了CCD探测X射线的效率曲线,其结果与厂家提供的效率曲线一致。研究了Si片厚度对探测效率的影响,结果表明在有效探测范围内,Si片越厚探测效率越高,而对较高能量的X射线,此趋势不明显。研究了能量沉积分布在多个像素中的问题,结果表明周围像素中的能量沉积主要由中心像素的特征X射线及瑞利散射X射线所贡献,在5~30 keV之间X射线能量越高,能量沉积效率越低,多像素污染效果越弱。     

重离子加速器电源数字调节器的实时数据交互

为了解决兰州重离子加速器研究装置(HIRFL-CSR)磁铁电源数字调节器的通讯堵塞问题,采用了新的体系架构,并将P2P技术嵌入到数字调节器的核心控制器ARM中,运用UDP的打洞技术,使调节器之间的数据不再通过中心Oracle数据库转发,而是在调节器间直接建立通讯,这种方式分散了中心Oracle数据库的通讯量,减少了网路堵塞的风险,提高了通讯的效率、有效性和可靠性。     

Calibration and Monte Carlo simulation of a single-photon counting charge-coupled device for single-shot X-ray spectrum measurements

A Princeton Instruments PI-LCX 1300 charge-coupled device （CCD） camera used for X-ray spectrum measurements in laser-plasma experiments is calibrated using three radioactive sources and investigated with the Monte Carlo code Geant4. The exposure level is controlled to make the CCD work in single photon counting mode. A summation algorithm for obtaining accurate X-ray spectra is developed to reconstruct the X-ray spectra, and the results show that the developed algorithm effectively reduces the low-energy tail caused by split pixel events. The obtained CCD energy response shows good linearity. The detection efficiency curves from both Monte Carlo simulations and the manufacturer agree well with the experimental results. This consistency demonstrates that event losses in charge collection processes are negligible when the developed summation algorithm of sDlit Dixel events is emDloved.     

Monte Carlo simulation of carbon ion radiotherapy for the human eye

Carbon ion is the mostly common used particle in heavy ion radiotherapy. In this paper, the carbon ion dose in tumor treatment for human eye was calculated with FLUKA code. An 80 MeV/u carbon beam was irradiated into the human eye from two directions. The first was from the lateral-forward direction, which was a typical therapeutic condition. In this case, a maximum dose was deposited in the tumor volume. In the second a beam was irradiated into eyes from the forward direction to simulate a patient gazing directly into treatment beam during therapy, which may cause a certain medical accident. This method can be used for a treatment plan in heavy ion radiotherapy.     

15N（p,n)15O反应中子源0°角激发函数测量

利用中国原子能科学研究院HI-13串列加速器上的多探测器快中子飞行时间谱仪, 测量了38个不同入射质子能量点下15N（p, n)15O反应0°角方向的激发函数。 测量数据用蒙特卡罗方法进行了模拟, 以进行中子注量衰减和入射窗厚度的不确定度修正。 实验在入射质子能量位于6.029—8.056 MeV之间时发现了3个共振峰, 这一点与DROSG 2000评价数据及PTB数据相符合, 但三家的截面数值存在差异, 对这些差异需要作进一步深入探讨。 The excitation function of 15N（p, n)15O reaction at 0 degree was measured at 38 energy points using the fast neutron Time of Flight (TOF) spectrometer at the HI 13 Tandem Accelerator in the China Institute of Atomic Energy（CIAE）. The measured data were analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation for the corrections of neutron flux attenuation and uncertainty of the thickness of the entrance foil. Three resonance peaks were observed in this experiment in the energy range from 6.029 to 8.056 MeV,which is comparable with the DROSG 2000 evaluated data and the PTB data. However,more experimental studies are needed since the cross sections deviate with each other.     

厚靶D（d,n）^3He反应加速器中子源的产额、能谱和角分布

给出一种计算氘钛厚靶D(d,n)3He反应加速器中子源的产额、能谱和角分布的方法,并发展了一个计算机模拟程序,程序能够计算氘束流能量小于1.0 MeV的中子源的产额、能谱和角分布.计算时使用推荐的D(d,n)3He反应截面数据和来自SRIM-2003程序的氘在氘钛靶中的阻止本领数据.给出一些典型计算结果,包括中子积分产额、中子能谱和角分布.     

Excited States in ^18Ne Studied via ^17F＋p

The elastic resonance scattering of ^17F＋p is studied in inverse kinematics via a thick-target method. The excitation function for ^17F＋p elastic scattering is obtained within the energy interval of Ec.m ≈ 0.4-1.7 MeV. The experimental excitation function is analyzed with a multilevel R-matrix code MULTI7, and the proton widths are deduced. The α decay from 6.15 MeV 1- state in 18Ne is observed, which is critical to the 14O（α, p）17F reaction as the main breakout route from CNO cycle to rp-process in supernovae and x-ray bursts.     

基于紧凑型D-D中子发生器的热中子照相慢化准直器设计

热中子照相是一种重要的无损检测技术,是X射线照相技术的重要补充,小型化热中子照相系统有重要研究应用前景。基于紧凑型D-D中子发生器,采用蒙特卡罗程序MCNP-4C,通过中子和γ射线的输运模拟,完成了热中子照相慢化准直器的模拟研究与设计。慢化准直器准直比约为3.58,模拟研究结果显示,在D-D中子发生器中子产额大于5×10⁸ n/s条件下,样品平面内热中子注量率可大于10³ n/(cm²·s),准直中子束中热中子占比可大于74%,在Φ70 mm的照射视野范围内,热中子注量的不均匀度约为7.3%,基本满足热中子照相的成像要求。     

中国散裂中子源多功能反射谱仪屏蔽设计

本文介绍了利用蒙特卡罗粒子输运程序MCNPX2.5.0进行中国散裂中子源多功能反射谱仪屏蔽设计的屏蔽需求、辐射源项、计算方法和设计结果等内容.在计算中考虑慢化器泄漏源项、中子导管损失源项等不同辐射源项,使用分步计算和源项角度偏移、源项能量偏移、几何分裂等多种减方差方法,在保证计算结果精度的同时提高计算速度.在谱仪束线传输段、第二中子开关、散射室等的屏蔽计算中,通过比较了不同条件下的所需屏蔽确定最终屏蔽设计,确保谱仪屏蔽外人员可到达区域的剂量低于安全限值2.5μSv/h.