液态泡沫结构及其稳定性

液态泡沫由大量气泡密集堆积在少量的表面活性剂溶液中形成，是具有高度自组织结构的典型的软物质．文章从泡沫物理学角度简要介绍了液态泡沫的结构特征和稳定性方面的研究．     

Dielectric properties of KDP-type ferroelectric crystals in the presence of external electric field

Considering external electric field as well as third- and fourth-order phonon anharmonic interaction terms in the pseudospin-lattice coupled mode (PLCM) model Hamiltonian for KDP-type ferroelectrics, expressions for field-dependent shift, width, renormalized soft mode frequency, Curie temperature, dielectric constant and dielectric loss are evaluated. For the calculation, method of statistical double-time temperature-dependent Green’s function has been used. By fitting model values of physical quantities, temperature and electric field dependences of soft mode frequency, dielectric constant and loss have been calculated which compare well with experimental results of Baumgartner [8] and Choi and Lockwood [9]. Both dielectric constant and loss decrease with electric field.     

一种适于自适应光学的旋转软刀口波面传感器的研究

利用傅里叶光学理论,证明了一种新型波面传感器——旋转软刀口波面传感器的概念.在经典刀口法的刀口区,以渐变透过率代替突变透过率函数,在光瞳象面上可获得反映光瞳面位置待测波面位相梯度及位相梯度方向的调制信号.文中给出了实验结果和讨论.     

软x射线近贴显微技术

软x射线近贴显微技术不但可使活的生物样品成象,分辨率高于光学显微镜,而且人为的样品准备程序在该技术中都可避免。本文描述了用高功率激光打靶产生的等离子体作为软x射线源而进行的近贴显微研究,并得到了分辨率好于1μm的结果。     

Optical design of a toroidal grating monochromator based beam line on Indus-1

In this paper, we discuss the detailed optical design of a beam line that is under construction on the synchrotron radiation source, Indus-1. Toroidal mirrors are used as pre-and post- focusing elements and a toroidal grating monochromator as a dispersing element. Using three interchangeable gratings, this monochromator will give, at a moderate resolution, a good throughput on the sample in the wavelength range 40 to 1000 Å. Effect of various parameters and their optimization on the resolution and throughput characteristics have been studied by ray tracing calculations, and presented.     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(dimethylsiloxane‐urethane) elastomers: Effect of hard segments of polyurethane on morphological and mechanical properties

A series of poly(dimethylsiloxane‐urethane) elastomers based on hexamethylenediisocyanate, toluenediisocyanate, or 4,4′‐methylenediphenyldiisocyanate hard segment and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) soft segment were synthesized. In this study, a new type of soft‐segmented PDMS crosslinker was synthesized by hydrosilylation reaction of 2‐allyloxyethanol with polyhydromethylsiloxane, using Karstedt's catalyst. The synthesized soft‐segmented crosslinker was characterized by FT‐IR, ¹H, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopic techniques. The mechanical and thermal properties of elastomers were characterized using tensile testing, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamical mechanical analysis measurements. The molecular structure of poly(dimethylsiloxane‐urethane) membranes was characterized by ATR‐FTIR spectroscopic techniques. Infrared spectra indicated the formation of urethane/urea aggregates and hydrogen bonding between the hard and soft domains. Better mechanical and thermal properties of the elastomers were observed. The restriction of chain mobility has been shown by the formation of hydrogen bonding in the soft and hard segment domains, resulting in the increase in the glass‐transition temperature of soft segments. DSC analysis indicates the phase separation of the hard and soft domains. The storage modulus (E′) of the elastomers was increasing with increase in the number of urethane connections between the hard and soft segments. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 2980–2989, 2006     

Analytical Designing of Two-Aspherical-Mirror Anastigmats Permitting Practical Misalignments in a Soft-X-Ray Optics

A new analytical method of designing two-aspherical-mirror anastigmats was developed and applied to searching solution groups of soft X-ray microscopes of a large misalignment tolerance. The two-mirror anastigmat configurations were expressed by a practical variable related to pupil obstruction limiting the system throughput. Axial coma and other aberrations caused by a slight decenter of the system were then formulated to represent sensitivity to misalignment. These formulations enabled a global survey of solution groups as demonstrated by a designing example of soft X-ray microscopes with a magnification m = −1/50, which resulted in four solutions more insensitive to misalignment than a standard Schwarzschild optics in the soft X-ray region. Some solutions were also found to have much larger fields of view suitable for high resolution imaging as confirmed by computer ray tracing.     

Reconstruction of an acoustically sound-soft obstacle from one incident field and the far-field pattern

The problem considered is that of determining the shape of aplane acoustically sound-soft obstacle from the knowledge ofthe far-field pattern for one time-harmonic incident field.An iterative procedure is proposed based on two boundary integralsrepresenting the incident field and the far-field pattern, respectively.Numerical examples are included which show that the proceduregives accurate numerical approximations in relatively few iterations.     

合肥同步辐射软X射线显微术研究

合肥国家同步辐射实验室首期建设的光束线之一用于软Ｘ射线显微成像研究。实验站现已装置初型的扫描透射Ｘ射线显微镜，并正在进行亲一代的扫描显微建设，同时还使同步辐射光进行接触软Ｘ射线呈微成像研究，并对选取的一些生物样品进行了成像试验。本文介绍了合肥同步辐射光源上软Ｘ射线显微术实验线站的建设及完成的一些实验结果。     

软X射线显微术Si_3N_4薄膜窗口的研制

介绍了在软Ｘ－射线显微术研究领域中有重要应用的Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４薄膜窗口的实验室制作方法，并形成一套独特制备工艺，Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４薄膜窗口的研制成功推动了我国软Ｘ射线显微术研究的发展。