Pt/Au双金属纳米粒子的制备及表征

Poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)-protected Pt/Au bimetallic nanoparticles were obtained by reducing the mixture of HAuCl4 and H2PtCl6 with sodium borohydride. UV-vis spectra, transmission electronic microscopy and X-my diffraction reveal that the prepared bimetallic nanoparticles are of alloy structure.     

Capture-bonding Super Assembly of Nanoscale Dispersed Bimetal on Uniform CeO2 Nanorod for the Toluene Oxidation

Elimination of VOCs by catalytic oxidation is an important technology. Here, a general synergistic capture-bonding superassembly strategy was proposed to obtain the nanoscale dispersed 5.8% PtFe₃−CeO₂ catalyst, which showed a high toluene oxidation activity (T₁₀₀=226 °C), excellent catalytic stability (125 h, >99.5%) and a good water resistance ability (70 h, >99.5%). Through the detailed XPS analysis, oxygen cycle experiment, hydrogen reduction experiment, and in-situ DRIFT experiment, we could deduce that PtFe₃−CeO₂ had two reaction pathways. The surface adsorbed oxygen resulting from PtFe₃ nanoparticles played a dominant role, due to the fast cycling between the surface adsorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancy. In contrast, the lattice oxygen resulting from CeO₂ nanorods played an important role due to the relationship between the toluene oxidation activity and the metal-oxygen bonding energy. Furthermore, DFT simulation verified Pt sites were the dominant reaction active sites during this reaction.     

爆炸焊接与相图

在爆炸焊接的过程中,结合区一薄层基体金属,在高温下将发生熔化、熔解或化合。大量的检验结果表明,这种熔体内的化学和物理组成,与对应组元的一般相图内的物理和化学组成相似。这种相似性便为相图在爆炸焊接中的如下应用打下了基础:可以根据相图来估计对应的复合材料中的熔体的组成,估计金属材料之间的爆炸焊接性,估计它们的结合强度,估计后续热加工或热处理对结合性能的影响,从而为爆炸焊接工艺参数和热加工及热处理工艺参数的制订提供理论依据。     

AgNi双金属改性多面体钒酸铋的制备及光催化性能

采用简单的水热法制备了多面体钒酸铋(BVO)材料，又通过化学还原法首次在BVO上原位合成了一种小尺寸的AgNi双金属助催化剂并研究了其光催化性能。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、光致发光(PL)光谱、N2吸附-脱附等手段对制备的AgNi/BVO材料的理化性能进行了表征。结果表明，AgNi双金属广泛负载在这种特殊形貌的BVO多面体表面，大大增加了金属的附着位点，同时AgNi负载也提高了BVO的结晶性。银表面等离子体谐振效应与镍的共格界面效应增强了BVO催化剂对可见光的吸收，增强了光生电子的分离，提高了光催化活性。光催化降解MB (亚甲基蓝)实验表明，当Ag、Ni的质量比为3∶1时，AgNi/BVO的催化活性最高，在可见光照射下其反应速率常数是BVO的5.4倍，该光催化剂在4次循环后仍能保持良好的光催化活性。     

低温等离子体协同Cu-Mn-Ce-Zr/TiO2催化降解甲苯

以TiO₂为载体,采用等体积浸渍法制备了负载型Cu_xMn_1-xCe_0.75Zr_0.25/TiO₂(x=1.0、0.75、0.5、0.25、0)负载型催化剂,采用XRD、H₂-TPR、O₂-TPD和XPS等方法对催化剂进行了表征,并通过低温等离子体协同催化剂对大流量的甲苯模拟废气进行了催化降解反应研究。结果表明,Cu和Mn单主金属催化剂的活性优于Cu-Mn双主金属催化剂,其原因是双金属催化剂中Mn的添加减弱了Cu与助剂Ce之间的相互作用,使得催化剂的晶格氧减少,低温还原性能降低。在反应初期,甲苯降解主要依赖于催化剂的活性,具有较好的低温还原性以及丰富的氧空穴和晶格氧含量的CuCe_0.75Zr_0.25/TiO₂的活性最好;Mn具有较强的O₃分解能力,当等离子体比能密度(SED)增加到一定值后,等离子体与催化剂的协同作用增强,从而使得MnCe_0.75Zr_0.25/TiO₂催化剂活性高于CuCe_0.75Zr_0.25/TiO₂,强化了甲苯的脱除。     

Hydroisomerization of n-heptane over bimetal-bearing H_3PW_(12)O_(40) catalysts supported on dealuminated USY zeolite

The bimetal-bearing (CePt or LaPt) 12-tungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40 (PW)) catalysts supported on dealuminated USY zeolite (DUSY) were prepared by impregnation and characterized by XRD, BET, IR, and H2-chemisorption. Their catalytic activities were tested in the hydroisomerization of n-heptane with a continuous atmospheric fixed-bed reactor. After the steam treatment combined with the acid leaching, as well as the supporting with PW and the bimetals, the DUSY support retains the Y zeolite porosity and the PW well keeps its Keggin structure in catalysts. The doping of Ce into the catalysts enhances the dispersion of Pt on the catalyst surface. The Pt-bearing PW catalysts doped with Ce or La, especially Ce, exhibit much higher catalytic activity and selectivity than the catalysts without dopants at lowered reaction temperatures. At the optimal reaction conditions, i.e., the reaction temperature of 250℃ and WHSV of 1.4 h1, the catalyst with a Pt loading of 0.4%, PW loading of 10% and a molar ratio of Ce to Pt of 15:1 shows a conversion of n-heptane of 70.3% with a high selectivity for isomerization products of 94.1%.     

含第一过渡金属和钯的双金属高分子催化剂及其催化加氢性能的研究

高分子金属催化剂的性能,不仅与金属离子的种类有关,而且与高分子配体的结构有关。作者在以SiO_2负载的聚苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物的苯胺氨解产物——钯单金属高分子催化剂(P—C_6H_5NH·Pd) 中引入少量的第一过渡金属离子,形成双金属高分子金属催化剂(P-C_6H_5NH·Pd·M)。研究结果表明,由于第一过渡金属离子的引入,使单金属高分子催化剂的催化加氢性能(活性、选择性和稳定性)得到了改善。而且发现,第一过渡金属离子的助催化作用与它的晶体场稳定化能(Crystal Field Stablization Energy,CFSE)有关。     

Dechlorination of Aromatic Chlorides in Aqueous System Catalyzed by Functionalized MontK10 Supported Palladium—tin

A novel bisupporter binetal catalyst PVP-PdCl2-SnCl4/MonK10-PEG400,using for dehalogenation of insoluable aromatic halides in aqueous system,has shown high dechlorination activity and selectivity,without any organic solvent or phase transfer catalyst.The conversion of aromatic chlorides can reach 100%.The catalyst is easy to prepare and has good reusability.     

Synthesis and Catalytic Applications of Dendrimer-Templated Bimetallic Nanoparticles

Dendrimers, well-defined hyper-branched macromolecules with characteristic globular structure, have emerged as an attractive material in the field of catalysis and have been considered as a new type of host for the accommodation of guest molecules by virtue of their three-dimensional structure having interior void space. In line with the prospect of dendrimer as a nanoreactor, various metal nanoparticles have been successfully prepared via encapsulation in or formation of particles surrounded by dendrimer branches. However, it is worth noting that most of the previous studies have been confined to the monometallic nanoparticles, and bimetallic nanoparticles have been scarcely exploited yet. In this article, we present the synthesis and characterization of dendrimer-templated bimetallic nanoparticles and their application to catalysis.     

硼、磷共掺杂铁钴双金属材料的制备及其电催化析氧性能

采用一步水热法合成了硼、磷共掺杂铁钴材料(Fe-Co-B-P)。借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等技术对所合成材料的形貌、结构和组成进行表征。利用线性扫描伏安(LSV)、循环伏安(CV)、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)等技术研究材料电化学析氧反应(OER)性能。结果表明，Fe-Co-B-P表面疏松且粗糙，颗粒间有许多空隙。在电流密度为10和100 mA·cm^-2时，其过电势分别为278和309 mV，Tafel斜率为24 mV·dec^-1，说明该材料具有较优的电催化析氧性能。其在连续进行10 h的计时电位测试过程中，电势基本保持在1.55 V (vs RHE)，表明该催化剂具有较好的电化学稳定性。这是由于铁钴双金属与硼、磷非金属之间的协同作用促进了电子的传递。