The spin-isospin decomposition of the nuclear symmetry energy from low to high density

The energy per particle BA in nuclear matter is calculated up to high baryon density in the whole isospin asymmetry range from symmetric matter to pure neutron matter.The results,obtained in the framework of the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approximation with two-and three-body forces,confirm the well-known parabolic dependence on the asymmetry parameterβ=(N?Z)/A(β^2 law)that is valid in a wide density range.To investigate the extent to which this behavior can be traced back to the properties of the underlying interaction,aside from the mean field approximation,the spin-isospin decomposition of BA is performed.Theoretical indications suggest that theβ^2 law could be violated at higher densities as a consequence of the three-body forces.This raises the problem that the symmetry energy,calculated according to theβ^2 law as a difference between BA in pure neutron matter and symmetric nuclear matter,cannot be applied to neutron stars.One should return to the proper definition of the nuclear symmetry energy as a response of the nuclear system to small isospin imbalance from the Z=N nuclei and pure neutron matter.     

Inversion of electrical mobility measurements using bipolar or unipolar chargers for the arbitrary distribution of channels

The inversion of the particle size distribution from electrical mobility measurements is analyzed.Three different methods are adapted for a dot-matrix approach to the problem,especially for non-square or singular matrices,and applied to electrical mobility measurements from fixed or scanning voltages.Multiply charged particles,diffusion losses,arbitrary voltage steps and noise were considered,which results in non-adjoining and overlapping transfer functions.The individual contribution of the transfer functions in each size interval was geometrically estimated,which requires only its characteristic mobilities.The methodology is applied to mobility measurements from particles charged with unipolar and bipolar chargers.However,the method can be extrapolated to any charging method with a defined charge distribution,and retrieval of the singly charged particle distribution and mean charge from a tandem differential mobility analysis configuration was successfully demonstrated.     

轴流压气机势流和尾迹相互干涉叠加效应分析

尾迹与势流的相互作用对压气机叶片表面的压力波动强度和出口的轴向速度分布及波动会产生很大影响。针对两级跨声速轴流压气机,采用数值方法研究两排转子叶片周向相对位置不同情况下,叶片表面压力波动抵消区域位置发生的变化。研究结果表明:转子叶片周向位置的变化会对静子叶片尾迹形态产生影响,会导致叶片表面压力波动抵消区域发生变化。伴随转子叶片周向相对位置的变化,存在上游转子叶片尾迹减缓下游静子叶片尾迹衰减的现象,从而改变了叶片排之间的相互干涉强度,并使叶片表面压力波动强度发生变化。     

H2SO4-H2O中硝酸铜对脱硫石膏晶须生长的影响

以处理后的脱硫石膏为原料,在H₂SO₄-H₂O体系中以Cu(NO₃)₂为晶形控制剂采用水热法制备脱硫石膏晶须,探讨了Cu(NO₃)₂对脱硫石膏晶须生长的影响机理。结果表明:Cu(NO₃)₂对脱硫石膏有明显促溶作用,其中Cu²⁺可减小溶液中各离子的活度系数,使溶液中的Ca²⁺浓度增大。NO^-₃通过静电作用在Ca²⁺周围聚集并对SO^2-₄产生屏蔽作用,导致脱硫石膏继续溶解并使Ca²⁺和SO^2-₄的浓度处于相对稳定状态,有利于半水脱硫石膏晶体的形核与生长。此外,Cu²⁺还可在晶须的生长过程中选择性吸附在晶须表面,生成CuSO₄,促进了脱硫石膏的结晶生长,最终在Cu(NO₃)₂用量为2.0%(质量分数)时制备的脱硫石膏晶须长径比约为73。     

Highly transparent ceramics for the spectral range from 1.0 to 60.0μm based on solid solutions of the system AgBr-AgI-TlI-TlBr

The article is devoted to the technology for obtaining optical ceramics of Ag Br-Tl I and Ag Br-Tl Br_0.46I_0.54 systems and manufacturing samples with different compositions.The new heterophase crystal ceramics are transparent without absorption windows in the spectral range from 1.0 to 60.0μm.In the ceramics’transparency spectra based on the Ag Br-Tl I and Ag Br-Tl Br_0.46I_0.54 systems fusibility diagrams,with an increase in the thallium halides mass fraction,as well as the replacement of the bromine ion with iodine,the maximum transparency shifts to a long infrared region.     

薄板分析的线性基梯度光滑伽辽金无网格法

薄板问题的控制方程为四阶微分方程,因而当采用伽辽金法进行分析时,形函数需要满足C~1连续性要求,且至少使用二次基函数才能保证方法的收敛性.无网格形函数虽然易于满足C~1连续性要求,但由于不是多项式,其二阶导数的计算较为复杂耗时,同时也对刚度矩阵的数值积分提出了更高的要求.本文提出了一种薄板分析的线性基梯度光滑伽辽金无网格法,该方法的基础是线性基无网格形函数的光滑梯度.在梯度光滑构造的理论框架内,无网格形函数的二阶光滑梯度可以表示为形函数一阶梯度的线性组合,因而可以提高形函数二阶梯度的计算效率.分析表明,线性基无网格形函数的光滑梯度不仅满足其固有的线性梯度一致性条件,还满足本属于二次基函数对应的额外高阶一致性条件,因此能够恰当地运用到薄板结构的伽辽金分析.此外,插值误差分析也很好地验证了线性基无网格光滑梯度的收敛特性.算例结果进一步表明,线性基梯度光滑伽辽金无网格法的收敛率与传统二次基伽辽金无网格法相当,但精度更高,同时刚度矩阵所需的高斯积分点数明显减少.     

对映-贝壳杉烷型二萜的合成

对映-贝壳衫烷类二萜是陆生植物二萜中种类最为繁多、分子结构和生物活性最为多样的一类天然产物。近年来研究表明,该家族的一些成员具有抗菌和抗肿瘤等活性。这类四环二萜分子可通过分子内环化、氧化断裂和降解重排等方式,转化为复杂的分子骨架。这些天然产物重要的生理活性与多变的骨架结构引起了国内外合成化学家的浓厚兴趣,已经成为全合成研究的又一类热门分子。本文总结了2014年以来国内外学者关于对映-贝壳杉烷型二萜的合成报道,根据这类分子的不同结构类型分别进行阐述。     

On the Differential Polynomial of a Graph

We introduce the differential polynomial of a graph. The differential polynomial of a graph G of order n is the polynomial B(G; x) :=∑?(G)k=-nB_k(G) x~(n+k), where B_k(G) denotes the number of vertex subsets of G with differential equal to k. We state some properties of B(G;x) and its coefficients.In particular, we compute the differential polynomial for complete, empty, path, cycle, wheel and double star graphs. We also establish some relationships between B(G; x) and the differential polynomials of graphs which result by removing, adding, and subdividing an edge from G.     

生产率差异与企业对外直接投资进入模式选择

基于企业异质性视角,借鉴演化博弈理论探究企业通过OFDI“走出去”时的跨国并购方和标的方在全要素生产率上的差异对企业OFDI进入策略选择的影响机制。利用Hotelling模型构造资本密集型企业与劳动密集型企业OFDI进入策略选择博弈模型,讨论两类企业OFDI进入方式决策在并购双方生产率差异变化之下的变迁机理。研究发现:当并购方和被并购方生产率差异较小时,市场达到两类企业都倾向于跨国并购策略的演化稳定状态;当并购双方生产率差异较大时,企业的生产要素密集度及其结构对其OFDI进入模式决策具有重要的作用,知识或技术密集度较高的资本密集型企业与综合实力强势的部分劳动密集型企业采取跨国并购战略,而另一部分劳动密集型企业选择绿地新建方式进入国际市场。即企业OFDI进入策略选择因其所属的行业生产要素密集度及其结构不同而具有差异性。研究结论在一定程度上弥补了现有研究的不足,为以后的研究工作提供一定的理论参考。