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991.
光生物节律因子计算模型的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过实验测量额头温度拟合光生物节律因子-额温差曲线,对现有评价光生物效应作用大小的BioEq模型和CLA模型的计算结果进行分析比较.利用不同图片LCD屏幕的光谱计算节律因子,发现两种模型对于绿色波段的光抑制较强,而对红色波段的光则与实际不相符.通过对九种不同颜色的LED光源测试额头温度,比较模型计算结果与实际光生物效应的作用,发现光生物节律因子与生理体征变化线性递增,其中对BioEq模型的直线拟合相关度达到0.95.  相似文献   
992.
基于中温黑体的近红外光纤光谱仪辐射定标的方法研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
中温黑体是红外谱段常用的高精度辐射标尺设备,而近红外是处于其有效辐射范围边缘的谱段,所以该谱段的定标研究相对较少。研究了基于中温黑体的近红外光纤光谱仪辐射定标方法,主旨是探讨定标精度如何受定标模型的结构参数选择的影响,进而为近红外光谱辐射计量溯源提供技术参考。采用50~1 050 ℃的可调中温黑体对近红外光纤光谱仪(950~1 700 nm)进行辐射定标。针对定标的关键环节重点讨论了两个内容,首先是辐射传输模型的几何因子匹配问题,比较分析了传统的双圆盘辐射传输模型和光纤直接耦合模型。对于光纤光谱仪的辐射定标来讲,采用光纤直接耦合形式的辐射传输模型,结构上更简单,耦合效率更高。其次重点分析了辐射定标中模型的结构参数对定标精度的影响,其影响的原因是定标数据本身属性中的尺度结构特征,即通常所说的非线性问题。因此对于定标精度要求较高时,需要采用非线性定标模型进行校正,并尽可能保证测试点采样的尺度均衡,这是小样本数据解释非线性结构关系时无法回避的样本选择问题。数据分析结果表明,定标方程的不同结构参数的选择策略对定标精度有显著影响,校正方程的样本残差标准差带变化范围为±0.1%~±1%。  相似文献   
993.
Pattern dynamics plays a fundamental role in biological functions from cell to organ in living systems, and the appearance of rotating waves can lead to pathological situations. Basic dynamics of rotating waves of contraction-relaxation activity under local perturbation is studied in a newly developed protoplasmic droplet of the Physarum plasmodium. A light pulse is applied by irradiating circularly a quarter of the droplet showing a single rotating wave. The oscillation pattern changes abruptly only when the irradiation is applied at a part of the droplet near the maximal contraction. The abrupt changes are as follows: the rotating wave disappears or is displaced when the irradiation area is very close to the center of the rotating wave, while new rotating waves are created when the irradiation area is far from the center of the rotating wave. These results support the hypothesis that the phase response curve has a discontinuous change (type 0 resetting) from delay to advance around the maximal contraction. The significance of the results is discussed in relation to “vulnerability” in excitable media and biological systems in general.  相似文献   
994.
We have performed molecular dynamics simulations for PtN + PtN → Pt2N (N = 147, 324, 500,792), to investigate the effect of size and substrate on coalescence temperature. Our simulations show that platinum nanoclusters coalesce at the temperatures lower than the cluster melting point. The difference between coalescence and melting temperatures decreases with the increase in cluster size and presence of substrate. These thermal behaviors affect catalytical properties of nanoclusters and the substrate, as an environment, has major effect on activity of metal nanoclusters.  相似文献   
995.
The structure and magnetostriction of the (Tb1−xDyx)0.2Pr0.8(Fe0.4Co0.6)1.88C0.05 intermetallic compounds (0≤x≤1) were studied by X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. The formation of an approximate single Laves phase with a MgCu2-type cubic structure was observed in this series of compounds. It was found that the Curie temperature and the saturation magnetization of the compounds would decrease with increase in the Dy content up to x=1. The magnetostriction λa (λa=λ-λ) gently rises when x≤0.6, and follows with a precipitous fall when x exceeds 0.6, with the highest value of λa being reached in the compounds with x=0.6. The magnetostriction of all the samples was observed to approach their own saturation in the magnetic fields higher than 4 kOe. This indicates that the addition of a small amount of Dy could effectively improve the low-field magnetostriction of the Tb0.2Pr0.8(Fe0.4Co0.6)1.88C0.05 compounds, which could become a kind of promising magnetostrictive material.  相似文献   
996.
The nanocrystalline Ni0.53Cu0.12Zn0.35Fe1.88O4 and BaTiO3 powders were prepared using Microwave-Hydrothermal (M-H) method at 160 °C/45 min. The as synthesized powders were characterized using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The size of the powders that were synthesized using M-H system was found to be ∼30 and ∼50 nm for ferrite phase and ferroelectric phases, respectively. The powders were densified using microwave sintering method at 900 °C/30 min. The ferrite and ferroelectric phases were observed from XRD and morphology of the composites was observed with the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).The magnetic hysteresis loops were recorded using the Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM).The frequency dependence of real (μ′) and imaginary (μ″) parts of permeability was measured in the range of 1 MHz-1.8 GHz. The permeability decreases with an increase of BaTiO3 content at 1 MHz. The transition temperature (TC) of ferrite was found to be 245 °C. The TC of composite materials decreases with an increase in BaTiO3 content.  相似文献   
997.
设计了测试记忆合金弹簧的形状记忆效应的物理实验.描述了实验装置的设计和结构,给出了实验内容的设计和实验方法,包括观察测试记忆合金弹簧的温度-形变记忆效应实验和电流-形变记忆效应实验.根据测量数据,描绘了用该仪器得到的温度-形变曲线和电流-形变曲线.该实验可作为设计性实验在大学物理实验课中开出.  相似文献   
998.
Laser‐matter interaction is defined by an electronic band structure of condensed matter and frequency ωL of electromagnetic radiation. In the range of moderate fluences, the energy absorbed by electrons from radiation finally thermalizes in the ion thermal energy. The thermalization processes are different for optical as compared with X‐ray quanta and for metals relative to semiconductors and dielectrics, since the light absorption and electron‐electron, electron‐ion dynamics are sensitive to the electron population in a conduction band and the width of a forbidden gap. Although the thermalization processes are different, the final state is simply a heated matter. Laser heating creates powerful stresses in a target if duration of a laser pulse τL is short in acoustic time scale. Nucleation and material removal take place under such stresses. Such way of removal is called here the spallative ablation. Thus the spallative ablation is an ablation mechanism universally important for qualitatively different materials and quanta (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   
999.
张鹏  吴平  贾全涛  曾辉 《应用光学》2011,32(5):998-1002
 基于人眼视觉系统可感知的阈值信噪比,提出预测红外热像仪最小可分辨温差(MRTD)方法。该方法根据频谱理论和红外热成像系统的二维调制传递函数,并结合匹配滤波器的概念,描述4条带标准靶的空间频谱函数。利用此空间频谱函数研究了4条带标准靶经过红外热成像系统的调制传递之后人眼视觉系统的感知信噪比。基于人眼视觉系统可感知的阈值信噪比,建立一个新的MRTD模型。依据此MRTD模型和视距模型,实现红外热像仪视距的预测。仿真结果表明,该方法预测的视距与实验数据有很好的一致性。  相似文献   
1000.
《Current Applied Physics》2015,15(7):805-810
The acoustic and thermal properties of the liquid–glass transitions of propylene glycol and its oligomers, poly (propylene glycol)s, were studied by temperature modulated DSC and Brillouin scattering. The fragility indices were determined from Angell plots using the observed modulation frequency dependence of the complex heat capacity. The variation in the glass transition temperatures is discussed on the basis of the free volume theory. The relaxation time of the structural relaxation obeys the Vogel–Fulcher law, and its high frequency end is in good agreement with the result of the dielectric measurement in the literature. The correlation between the observed thermal expansion coefficients and the glass transition temperature is discussed based on the free volume theory. The sound velocity and attenuation were accurately determined as a function of the temperature by Brillouin scattering by combination with the refractive index measurement. The relaxation dynamics were discussed by considering the relaxation from segmental motions. All of these physical properties were discussed based on the third-order anharmonicity and the Grüneisen parameter.  相似文献   
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