Focusing properties of Gaussian beam by a nonspiral phase plate system

In this article, a nonspiral plate is investigated numerically by vector diffraction theory to observe the focusing properties of Gaussian beams. Both low- and high-numerical-aperture (NA) optical systems are considered in the investigation. It is found that the parameter of NA and the phase vary rate of the phase plate influence the focal intensity distribution considerably. When a nonspiral plate is used to provide linear phase variation on one half of the Gaussian beam, it may adjust the focal spot considerably and conveniently. Changing the vary rate of the phase plate or the parameter of NA can alter optical intensity distribution; some novel focal spots and focal switch may also occur.     

方解石棱镜分束角高度对称性的设计

研究ｏ、ｅ双输出棱镜分束角的对称性。指出经特殊设计的双渥拉斯顿棱镜产生的ｏ、ｅ光的分束角具有高度的对称性。     

Intensity Moments of Hermite-Cosh-Gaussian Laser Beams

In this paper,attention is focused on the intensity moments of the Hermite-Cosh-Gaussian (HChG) laser beams from the zero-order to the fourth-order.The frequently used parameters such as the power in bucket (PIB),the beam width,the curvature radius,the far field divergence,the M2-factor,the Rayleigh length and the kurtosis are calculated in terms of the intensity moments.Figures show the influence of the mode index and the decentered parameter,which are the critical parameters of the HChG beams.Moreover,the center of the gravity of the radiation field and the symmetry are discussed along with the propagation axis.Finally,the power fraction within the beam width defined by the second moments is illustrated with numerical method.     

A New Method to Examine Interfacial Reactions of a Multilayered System NiAl–Hf–hBN on a Sapphire Fibre

Fibre reinforced NiAl offers new possibilities for the development of high strength structural materials of low density applicable in gas turbines at high operating temperatures. The properties of composite materials are strongly influenced by the strength of the fibre–matrix interface. In addition, if fibre and matrix differ in their thermal expansion coefficients, a well controlled interface reaction at high temperature changes is demanded. Therefore, two layers consisting of BN and Hf were embedded between a sapphire fibre and NiAl and heated at 1350 °C to find a compromise between adhesion and ductility. The control and characterization of the reaction zone is essential for the development of these new materials. Especially, the characterization of the fibre-coating interface is a challenge. The different hardness of fibre and coating makes it nearly impossible to use a conventional cross-section preparation. Further, the small dimension of the reaction zone requires the use of analytical techniques providing high lateral resolution. In order to accomplish these requirements, a newly developed technique FIB (Focused Ion Beam)-EPMA (Electron Probe Microanalysis) was combined with XRD (X-ray diffraction). XRD was performed for the identification of the phases. The reaction zone was exposed by a special FIB preparation technique and examined by surface-sensitive EPMA. This allowed to determine the spatial distribution of the different phases.     

Determination of the H2-H2 potential from absolute integral cross section measurements

Absolute integral cross sections have been measured for n-H₂-n-H₂ at primary particle velocities between 1270 and 9650 m/sec with a 77 °K target. The number density of target particles was determined with an accuracy of 1% by the method of dynamic expansion. The velocity dependence of the integral cross section was also measured for the isotopic systems n-D₂-n-H₂ and n-D₂-n-D₂ at primary beam velocities between 280 and 1170 m/sec with a 15 °K target. All available integral cross section data are compared with literature potentials. A new potential is proposed, which exhibits one bound state for H₂-H₂.Dedicated to Professor H. Hartmann on his 60^th birthday.     

强流相对论电子束在等离子体内引起的回流电流

本文用宏观处理的方法,研究了强流相对论电子束在等离子体内引起的回流电流效应。通过Fourier变换的方法,求得Maxwell方程组的电场表达式和回流电流的径向表达式。在4στ>>1的极限下,电子束通道内的回流电流和入射的电子束电流基本抵消。最后,比较了回流电流的焦耳热和束电子与等离子体粒子库仑碰撞的能耗值。     

Ab initio calculations of methionines and their protonated forms

Ab initio calculations of molecular and electronic structures of neutral molecules and protonated forms of methionine and its derivatives in the gaseous phase were carried out by the Hartree-Fock method using the 6–31G^* basis set with full geometry optimization. Proton affinities of methionine (1), methionine sulfoxide (2), and methionine sulfone (3) were calculated for different modes of coordination of the proton. The results of calculations demonstrated that in protonated forms of 1 and 3, bonding between the proton and the N atom is most favorable, while in protonated form of 2, bonding between the proton and the O atom of the SO group is most favorable. The proton affinities of the amino acids are as follows: 223.2 (1), 241.2 (2), and 221.5 (3) kcal mol⁻¹,i.e., methionine sulfoxide 2 exhibits the highest proton affinity in the series of the amino acids under consideration. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1487–1490, August, 1998.     

A Compact and Transmissive Device for Dispersion-Compensation of Ultra-short Optical Pulses

We show by computer simulation that a coupled-cavity-type multilayered structure is suitable for the transmissive compensation of group-velocity dispersion for optical pulses of subpicosecond length, and can thus be used to make a simple, compact, and transmissive dispersion-compensation device.     

An Extended Beam Theory for Smart Materials Applications Part II: Static Formation Problems

In this paper we further develop the theory of the extended Timoshenko beam model, as first introduced in Part I [5] of this work, with particular emphasis on applications of the model in formation theory [11], [12]. We begin with formal development of the equilibrium equations of static formation theory in the context of the extended Timoshenko model, giving a rigorous discussion of existence, uniqueness, and regularity of weak solutions with appropriate assumptions on the coefficients. We continue to obtain the fundamental duality relationship in the context of weak solutions and indicate its usefulness in investigations of approximate formability. Optimal formation problems and corresponding necessary conditions for optimality are discussed. We conclude with a discussion of a particular problem of joint optimization of controls and actuator densities in the context of a prismatic extended Timoshenko beam and we present the results of some computational studies. Accepted 14 November 1996     

HIRFL 束流相位测量系统性能的改进

 在研究HIRFL 相位测量系统工作原理的基础上, 用自行设计的电缆电子学长度校正方法校正了探针电缆的长度, 并重新设计了信号预选器和系统控制软件; 利用自行设计的自检系统找出并校正了影响系统测量精度的因素。提高了系统的可靠性和测量精度, 使系统可以投入实际的调束运行。