Ferrocene‐based organophosphorus liquid–crystalline polymers: Synthesis and characterization

Ferrocene‐containing polyphosphate and phosphonate esters were synthesized by the solution polycondensation method. The structure of the polymers was confirmed using various spectroscopic techniques. The formation of two types of chain blocks was confirmed by ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. Hot stage optical polarized microscope (HOPM) analysis revealed that all the polymers have a liquid–crystalline property. The char yields of the synthesized similar polymers were much higher than those of nonphosphorus polymers already reported in the literature. DSC analysis confirmed our predictions over the liquid–crystalline property, glass‐transition temperature, isotropization temperature, and thermal stability of the polymers. The effects of substitution on the side chain, structure of the liquid‐–crystalline phase, and thermal stability of the polymers have also been discussed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 2396–2403, 2001     

Dioxacyclophanes as a Scaffold for Silicon-based Circularly Polarized Luminescent Materials

Planar chiral dioxacyclophanes were designed and synthesized as a key scaffold for materials with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). Representative planar chiral 1,12-dioxa[12](1,4)naphthaleneophane-derived organosilane compounds (?)-(R)-1, (+)-(R)-2, and (?)-(R)-3 were prepared by (+)-sparteine-mediated aryl metalation and an electrophilic reaction with chlorosilanes. The absolute configurations of the planar chirality were determined in the R form by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Optically active compound (+)-(R)-2 exhibited blue fluorescence and a CPL signal with a dissymmetry factor (g_lum value) of 0.001 in solution. The electronic structure was corroborated by DFT and TD-DFT calculations rationalizing the observed spectroscopic properties.     

大型水平极化电磁脉冲有界波模拟器的并行模拟分析

采用将大地设置为均匀有耗介质,并用单轴完全匹配层（UPML）吸收边界截断的方式,对离散电阻加载的地面上方大型水平极化电磁脉冲（EMP）有界波模拟器的时域辐射场进行并行时域有限差分模拟.给出大地电导率和相对介电常数及模拟器圆锥的锥半径不同时模拟器辐射场的时域波形,分析三者对辐射场的影响,并给出模拟器内有10 m长的效应物时耦合场的时域波形.并行模拟时,计算网格总数达18亿.研究表明：大地相对介电常数和电导率越大,近地面测点接收到的地面反射作用越大;测点场的峰值受锥半径的影响最大,且随着锥半径的增大,同一水平面内的场也越不均匀;对地面上方1 m处的几个测点,其脉冲峰值及半高宽受地面反射及地面损耗的影响较大,而地面上方5 m处的几个测点则受地面影响较小;当效应物开孔位置位于模拟器场泄露一侧时耦合进入圆筒内的电磁波能量较多.     

Optical Chirality Induced in Evaporated Poly(diacetylene) Film by Circularly Polarized Light

Summary: 10,12-tricosadiynoic acid films were deposited on glass substrate by vacuum evaporation proceess at substrate temperatures of 273 K and 313 K, and then photopolymerized using left- and right- circularly polarized light (CPL). The resulting prepared poly(diacetylene) films changed from blue phase to red phase successfully by sample annealing at 353 K for 10 min, and the absorption spectra well reflected the red phase. Surface morphology change was not observed by anneling at 353 K. Furthermore, the CD spectra revealed that the chirality induced by CPL at 313 K was stronger that at 273 K.     

Illumination of Cellulose with Linearly Polarized Visible Light

Summary: Aqueous suspensions of cellulose of long polysaccharide chains, were illuminated with visible polarized light (VPL) for 20 and 50 hrs. Crystal structure, thermal properties with Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and degree of polymerization (DP) of the samples were determined. Additionally, kinetic of enzymatic as well as acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of cellulose was estimated. Illumination of cellulose with VPL for 50 hrs increased its DP by 15%. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the illumination resulted in an increase in the amount of cellulose crystalline phase. The DSC measurements indicated differences in the water molecules distribution depending on the sample treatment confirming an increase in the crystallinity of the illuminated cellulose. After prolonged illumination, cellulose was resistant to oxidation and had lower susceptibility to enzymatic and acid-catalyzed hydrolysis.     

傍轴TM高斯光束近场的矢量结构特性

基于电磁光束的矢量结构理论、傍轴近似和数学技巧,分析了共焦腔在近场的麦克斯韦方程组的精确解,即TM（横磁）高斯光束的矢量结构特性,导出了矢量结构TE项和TM项的解析表达式．描绘了TE项和TM项以及整个光束在近场的幅度分布和位相分布,揭示了傍轴TM高斯光束的矢量结构组成．这一研究有助于深化对傍轴激光束的内在矢量本性和传输特性的认识．     

Experiment studies on the polarized gamma-rays generation at KEK-ATF

Polarized positrons can be created through electron-positron pair creation from circularly polarized gamma-rays. Laser-Compton scattering is an efficient method to generate circularly polarized gamma-rays. A high finesse 2-mirror optical stacking cavity had been installed on the straight section of the electron storage ring at KEK-ATF. A 1064 nm circularly polarized pulsed laser beam was stacked in the cavity. Polarized gamma-rays with a maximum energy of 28.3 MeV were produced via inverse Compton scattering of the enhanced laser pulse off an electron beam of 1.28 GeV. The number of generated gamma photons per collision was estimated by a photon detector. It was found that the experimental result was in agreement with the simulated value.     

Spin Polarizations of Electron with Rashba Couplings in T-Shaped Devices: A Finite Element Approach

A generalized finite element formulation is proposed for the study of the spin-dependent ballistic transport of electron through the two-dimensional quantum structures with Rashba spin-orbit interactions (SOI). Thetransmission coefficient, conductance, the total and local polarization are numerically calculated and discussed as the Rashba coefficient, the geometric sizes, and incident energy are changed in the T-shaped devices. Some interesting features are found in the proper parameter regime. The polarization has an enhancement as the Rashba coefficient becomes stronger. The polarization valley is rigid in the regime of the conductance plateaus since the local interference among the polarized multi-wave modes. The Rashba interactions coupling to geometry in sizes could form the structure-induced Fano-Rashba resonance. In the wider stub, the localized spin lattice of electron could be produced. The conductance plateaus correspond to weakpolarizations. Strong polarizations appear when the stub sizes, incident energy, and the Rashba coupling coefficient are matched. The resonances are formed in a wide Fermi energy segment easily.     

Three fabricated pigments (Han purple,indigo and emerald green) in ancient Chinese artifacts studied by Raman microscopy,energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry and polarized light microscopy

In this study, we analyzed three fabricated pigments from ancient artifacts in China. The purple pigment was obtained from a painted pottery figurine unearthed from the Chu Tombs group of the Western Han dynasty in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province. The dark blue dye was from silk textiles in the Palace Museum. The green pigment was from decorative paintings on ancient architectures in the Palace Museum. These pigments were analyzed with Raman microscopy (RM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analytic spectroscopy and polarized light microscopy (PLM). By comparing their Raman spectra with standard samples, the primary ingredients of the purple pigment and the dark blue dye were found to be Han purple and indigo, respectively. However, the green pigment could not be identified by RM because of strong fluorescence. It was then confirmed to be emerald green by using EDX analytic microscopy and PLM. We also describe the traditional manufacturing methods of these pigments and their applications on artifacts in Chinese history. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Optical and laser properties of Nd:LuVO4 crystal

Polarized absorption spectra of Nd:LuVO₄ crystal were measured at room temperature. The optical parameters of π polarization and σ polarization were calculated by Judd‐Ofelt theory. Meanwhile, the phenomenological intensity parameters: Ω₂, Ω₄, and Ω₆ were obtained, then the parameters were used to calculate the luminescence parameters of Nd:LuVO₄ crystal, including oscillator strengths, fluorescence branching ratio, radiative lifetime and integrated emission cross‐sections. Experiments of a‐cut and c‐cut Nd:LuVO₄ lasers were also performed, and opt‐opt conversion efficiency and slope efficiency were 40.3%, 50.5% for a‐cut and 23.6%, 30.9% for c‐cut, respectively. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)