调焦辐射层析成像法重建三维发光体辐射场

提出了用一个摄像机重建三维发光体辐射场分布的方法。连续的三维发光体可以看成若干个互相平行的二维发光断层的组合。对发光体某断层进行聚焦摄象,得到的图像是该断层的高斯像和其他断层分别聚焦摄像,可得到组辐射图像,再用图像反汪算法,即可重建各断层的辐射场。实验模拟了具有我断层的三维发光体,获得了初步结果。     

复杂传播路径条件下激光光强起伏特性研究

对复杂地形情况下实际湍流大气中的激光强度起伏进行了系统的实验观测,分析了光强起伏统计特征的周日及全年变化规律。结果发现：复杂地形情况下实际湍流大气中的激光光强起伏,不论是概率密度分布还是其功率谱等统计特征均与理论上的偏离很大。     

用于测量太阳总辐射的空间辐射计

简述了在不同航天任务上测量太阳总辐射的各种辐射计,以及这些辐射计的结构、仪器特性、原理和运行等。这些空间辐射计大多数采用电标定的原理,以腔体探测器作为感知太阳总辐射的传感器。讨论了空间辐射计寻日方式对太阳总辐射测量精度的影响。最后,结合以往宇航任务中太阳总辐射测量的历史和经验,简述了高精度测量太阳总辐射空间辐射计的发展趋势。     

一种基于支持向量机回归的旋转遮光带日射表散射辐照度修正新算法

通过比较旋转遮光带日射表(RSP)和参考标准表所测散射辐照度之间的数值差异,分析了太阳总辐照度、环境温度、相对湿度和太阳光谱等气象要素对RSP散射辐照度测量误差的影响关系,提出了一种修正RSP散射辐照度测量值的新算法。该算法从支持向量机回归预测角度,建立了对RSP散射误差修正值的一次预测模型,然后根据误差修正值最优预测模型推导出RSP散射辐照度修正算法模型。利用该算法对美国国家太阳辐射研究实验室和劳里观测站采集的RSP散射辐照度数据进行修正,修正后两观测站数据的平均偏差和均方根误差分别降低到-0.2W/m2,3.3W/m2和1.9W/m2,8.5W/m2,显示算法具有良好的修正性能和适用性。该算法能够有效避免Vignola算法中存在的欠修正和Vignola and Augustyn(VA)算法中存在的过修正现象。     

Progress of laser ionization mass spectrometry for elemental analysis — A review of the past decade

Mass spectrometry using a laser ionization source has played a significant role in elemental analysis. Three types of techniques are widely used: high irradiance laser ionization mass spectrometry is capable of rapid determination of elements in solids; single particle mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for single particle characterization; and resonance ionization mass spectrometry is applied for isotope ratio measurements with high sensitivity and selectivity. In this review, the main features of the laser ablation process and plasma characterization by mass spectrometry are summarized. Applications of these three techniques for elemental analysis are discussed.     

Spectroradiometry Applied to Dental Composite Light Curing

Abstract: In the literature the irradiance of light-curing units (LCUs) is usually measured and expressed in watt per square centimeter (Wcm^?2) or as spectral irradiance with arbitrary units. However, neither situation measures how the broadband really interacts with the substrate. For the correct dosimetry of such sources, it is necessary to evaluate the spectral distribution of their irradiance, also called spectral irradiance, which has units of Wcm^?2nm^?1. Here, the theory of optical dosimetry with respect to dental light-cure composite resins is revised; moreover, experimental determination of the optical dosimetry of composite resins cured with light-emitting diode (LED) sources is reported, including all of the substrates participating in the curing processes, especially the adhesive agent, as well as adjacent tissues like the enamel and dentine. A review of the literature showed that a casual use of different radiometric quantities and units is observed. This encompasses many types of mistakes and gives rise to dubious interpretation of the published results. We strongly recommend that interdisciplinary coworkers solve this kind of problem before publication and provide additional reliability and accordance with internationally assigned radiometric quantities and units as published by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).     

Evaluation of solar spectral irradiance distribution using an index from a limited range of the solar spectrum

The output energy of photovoltaic (PV) modules under outdoor conditions is greatly influenced by the spectral irradiance distribution of the solar spectrum. To analyze this effect on PV modules, the spectral irradiance distribution, which is one-dimensional data, has to be represented by a zero-dimensional index. The average photon energy (APE) is an index for spectral irradiance distributions, which represents the average energy per photon in a spectrum. We have previously analyzed the uniqueness of the shape of the solar spectrum in the wavelength range of 350–1050 nm, and one corresponding value of APE showed a specific shape of spectral irradiance distribution. In this study, new indexes were calculated for a limited wavelength range of 350–750 nm and multiple bands of 450–500 nm and 800–850 nm of the solar spectrum for easy measurement and calculation. The result shows the uniqueness of new indexes to the shape of measured solar spectrum and the standard deviations were found to be quite small. This indicates that the new indexes are reasonable for representing the spectral irradiance distribution and its effect on PV performance.     

积分球的光功率波形变换理论

分析说明了积分存在一次反射短时平均等照度性质，提出了积分球的几个概念：平均反射程λ、平均反射时间μ、平均反射率ρ^-、平均出射程η、平均出射时间τ（等于积分球的时间常数）。用分析方法推导了积分球时间常数的一般表达式、积分球对δ函数形式的功率波形的变换表达式、积分球对任意光功率波形的变换表达及其反变换表达式。     

一种火炸药瞬态光谱测试的精确定位

介绍一种火炸药在瞬态光辐射参测量中的精确定位以及绝对光谱亮度参数的数据处理。     

太阳辐照绝对辐射计及其在航天器上的太阳辐照度测量

介绍了我国自主研制的太阳辐照绝对辐射计(SIARs)的原理和结构,该辐射计主要有两个创新点,即把电加热导线埋入锥腔壁以提高光电等效性和用无源热电温度传感器代替有源电阻温度传感器。SIARs参加了第九届和第十届国际日射（强度）计比对（IPC IV和IPC X）, 同世界辐射基准（WRR）在02％以内符合。 置于世界辐射中心(WRC)的用于保存和传递WRR的世界标准（辐射计）组（WSG）上的两台SIARs已同WSG仪器进行了6年的比对测量,性能稳定,不确定度在0.2％以内。“神舟三号”飞船应用SIARs构成的太阳常数监测器进行了5个月的在轨测量,与同期国外星上测量数据在0.2％以内吻合。采用3台SIARs构成的“风云三号”卫星太阳辐射监测仪从2008年6月起也已经开始了长期的在轨测量。