Let There Be Light: Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Using High Aspect Ratio Plant Viral Nanoparticles

The development of plant viral nanoparticles (VNP) loaded with different molecular versions of a photodynamic drug is described. Specifically, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV) are developed as drug carriers that encapsulate the monocationic, dicationic, tricationic, and tetracationic versions of a porphyrin‐based photosensitizer drug (Zn‐Por). While TMV has been extensively explored for various nanotechnology applications, this is the first study investigating TMGMV for medical applications. Light‐activated cancer cell killing of Zn‐Por‐loaded VNPs is studied in vitro using melanoma and cervical cancer models. Native and nucleolin‐targeted VNP drug carriers are developed and their efficacy assessed. A fivefold increase in cancer cell killing is observed using nucleolin‐targeted TMV loaded with tricationic Zn‐Por and displaying the nucleolin‐specific F3 peptide.     

Fractional Quantum Conductance Plateaus in Mosaic‐Like Conductors and Their Similarities to the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect

A simple route to generate magnetotransport data is reported that results in fractional quantum Hall plateaus in the conductance without invoking strongly correlated physics. Ingredients to the generating model are conducting tiles with integer quantum Hall effect and metallic linkers, further Kirchhoff rules. When connecting few identical tiles in a mosaic, fractional steps occur in the conductance values. Richer spectra representing several fractions occur when the tiles are parametrically varied. Parts of the simulation data are supported with purposefully designed graphene mosaics in high magnetic fields. The findings emphasize that the occurrence of fractional conductance values, in particular in two‐terminal measurements, does not necessarily indicate interaction‐driven physics. The importance of an independent determination of charge densities is underscored and similarities with and differences to the fractional quantum Hall effect are critically discussed.     

Temperature responsive 3D structure of rod-like bionanoparticles induced by depletion interaction

Herein, we show that rod-like tobacco mosaic virus （TMV） can self-assemble into 3D bundled structures in aqueous solution using azobenzene modified Pluronics F127 block copolymers （Azo-F127） to induce depletion. The structures are characterized by both transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The self-assembly process can be controlled reversibly by temperature. The formation of Azo-F127 hard spheres during the self-assembly is the main cause of this phenomenon.     

Classification of Forest Areas by Spectrozonal Images Obtained from Onboard a Helicopter

A technique of surveying forest territories from on board the VSC-2 helicopter using a videospectral complex for forest monitoring is described. The results of processing the obtained spectrozonal images with separation of the areas occupied by different species and withering spruce trees are presented.     

一种测量亚像元CCD拼接误差的方法

提出一种利用高倍率显微计算机系统（由工具显微镜，CCD摄像头、配有图像采集卡的计算机及相关软件等组成）测量亚像元CCD拼接误差的方法，建立了测量模型，并对实测结果进行了统计分析处理。     

Two new sesquiterpenes from the leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and their anti-tobacco mosaic virus activities

Two new sesquiterpenes, nicotianasesterpenes A and B (1 and 2), together with five known sesquiterpenes (3–7) were isolated from the leaves of Nicotiana tabacum. Their structures were determined mainly by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques. The anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activities of compounds 1–7 were evaluated. The results revealed that compound 1 exhibited high anti-TMV activities with inhibition rates of 33.6%. This rate is high than that of positive control. The other compounds also showed potential activities with inhibition rates in the range of 18.8–28.4%, respectively.     

模块化天文CCD通用控制器

为满足大规模拼接CCD天文观测应用系统对控制器的特殊要求,开展可扩展的模块化天文CCD通用控制器技术研究,并成功研制了样机系统.该系统采用相关双采样技术及控制技术等手段获得极低的读出噪声,采用全数字化的结构实现系统的通用性以及实现远程观测、远程监控的功能.测试结果表明,该系统的系统噪声小于3e~-,动态范围为16bit,非线性优于1%,满足现阶段大部分天文观测的需要.作为应用实例,利用本系统制作的真空紫外CCD相机,成功获得了He和氘121.5nm、164、193、205、218.6、273.3和294.5nm谱线的光谱图像,完成了对空间天文观测的102nm~320nm光谱仪的检测工作.     

Complexes in the Naphthoquinone Series: Crystal Structures,Electronic Structures,Stability

It is shown that the charge transfer is negligible in the ground state for organic charge transfer complexes between phenols and quinones. Our objective Is to determine the origin of the stability of the complexes. The geometric, electronic and energetic properties of these complexes were examined by three techniques, crystal structure determination by X-ray diffraction, spectrum and charge transfer calculation by quantum chemical methods, and lattice energy computation.     

Self-assembly of anisotropic tobacco mosaic virus nanoparticles on gold substrate

A facile approach to assembled virus film with tunable structure is presented.Rod-like tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was selected as the prototype in this study for its anisotropic structural feature.TMV can either lie down or stand up on gold substrate by tuning the solution pH.A quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring was used to monitor the pH-dependent self-assembly behavior of TMV nanoparticles,and atomic force microscopy and single molecule force spectroscopy further confirmed the differe...