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991.
Takatsugu Masuda Cara L. Nygren Kunimitsu Uchinokura 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2003,176(1):175-179
The structure of Cu2Fe2Ge4O13, previously thought to be CuFeGe2O6, has been determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data to be monoclinic, P21/m, a=12.1050(6), b=8.5073(4), c=4.8736(2) Å, β=96.145(1)°, Z=2, with R1=0.0231 and wR2=0.0605. The unique structure has an oligomer of four germanate tetrahedra, cross-linked laterally by square-planar copper ions, joined end-to-end by a zigzag chain of edge-sharing iron oxide octahedra. Running along the a-direction the metal oxide chain consists of alternating Cu-Cu and Fe-Fe dimers. A hypothetical series of homologous structures (Cun−2Fe2GenO3n+1 with n=3,4,…,∞) with different length germanate oligomers is proposed, where as n increases, the infinite chain of the CuGeO3 is approached. In this context, Cu2Fe2Ge4O13 is viewed as being built from blocks of CuGeO3 and the Fe oxide chains. This material has significance to the study of low-dimensional mixed-spin systems. 相似文献
992.
In this work a simple, fast, sensitive and selective flow-based procedure for the chemiluminometric determination of carvedilol, a recent non-cardioselective β-blocker with noteworthy antioxidant activity, is proposed. The developed methodology takes advantage of the antioxidant capacity of carvedilol to inhibit the chemiluminescence response resulting from the oxidation of luminol by hypochlorite, by acting as a hypochlorite scavenger. The analytical process was implemented in a multi-pumping flow system that employs multiple solenoid actuated micro-pumps as the only active components. These acted as solution insertion, propelling and commuting units assuring an easily controlled, low cost, compact and reliable analytical system.A linear working range for carvedilol concentrations ranging from 1.2 × 10−7 to 3.0 × 10−6 mol l−1 (r > 0.999, n = 6), was obtained, with a detection limit of 8.7 × 10−9 mol l−1. The system handles about 65 samples per hour yielding precise results (R.S.D. < 1.3%, n = 10). Recoveries within 95 and 104% were obtained. 相似文献
993.
Rangel Elidiane C. Cruz Nilson C. da Kayama Milton E. Rangel Rita C. C. Marins Nazir Durrant Steven F. 《Plasmas and Polymers》2004,9(1):1-22
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were grown from radiofrequency plasmas of acetylene-argon mixtures, at different excitation powers, P. The effects of this parameter on the plasma potential, electron density, electron temperature, and plasma activity were investigated using a Langmuir probe. The mean electron temperature increased from about 0.5 to about 7.0 eV while the mean electron density decreased from about 1.2 × 109 to about 0.2 × 109 cm–3 as P was increased from 25 to 150 W. Both the plasma potential and the plasma activity were found to increase with increasing P. Through actinometric optical emission spectrometry, the relative concentrations of CH, [CH], and H, [H], in the discharge were mapped as a function of the applied power. A rise in [H] and a fall in [CH] with increasing P were observed and are discussed in relation to the plasma characteristics and the subimplantation model. The optical properties of the films were calculated from ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic data; the surface resistivity was measured by the two-point probe method. The optical gap, E
G, and the surface resistivity, s, fall with increasing P. E
G and s are in the ranges of about 2.0–1.3 eV and 1014–1016 /, respectively. The plasma power also influences the film self-bias, V
b, via a linear dependence, and the effect of V
b on ion bombardment during growth is addressed together with variation in the relative densities of sp2 and sp3 bonds in the films as determined by Raman spectroscopy. 相似文献
994.
Aqueous polymerization of acrylonitrile (M) initiated by the Ce(IV)-glucose (R) redox system has been studied under nitrogen in the temperature range of 30–40 °C. The rate of polymerization (Rp) is proportional to [M]2, [R] and inversely proportional to [Ce(IV)]. The rate of ceric ion disappearance is proportional to [R] and [Ce(IV)]. The end group in the polymer is characterised by IR spectra. A suitable kinetic scheme has been proposed and explained in the light of these experimental findings. 相似文献
995.
Solid solutions NaCl—CdCl2 were studied in an interval of CdCl2 concentrations of 0.05—3 mol.% by Raman spectroscopy. The molecular form Na2CdCl4 decomposes: Na2CdCl4 2Na+ + Cd2+ + 2Cl2
– + 2e–; 2Na + 2e– 2Na0. Free sodium atoms form color centers of crystal (F centers) in the region of jumpwise changing the partition coefficient of CdCl2 in NaCl (K jump). 相似文献
996.
C. Marhag H. Said P. Satre C. Favotto J. Rogez 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2003,74(1):275-285
Study of solid-liquid phase diagram of LiPO3-Pb(PO3)2 binary system, in certain calcination conditions, shows the existence of several metastable phasis. When heated at a temperature
of 723 K the binary mixtures lead uncompletely to a defined compound Pb2Li(PO3). On heating these ternary solid mixtures, three eutectic reactions have been observed: LiPO3+Pb(PO3)2→Liquid at a temperature of 793 K(1) LiPO3+Pb2Li(PO3)5→Liquid at a temperature of 843 K (2) Pb2Li(PO3)5+Pb(PO3)2→Liquid at a temperature of 891 K (3) The metastable liquid phase appears in the system at temperature of 793 K. DTA experiments
performed on the binary LiPO3-Pb(PO3)2 mixtures, show a superposition of two diagrams. The first one is metastable and the second represents the stable equilibrium
phase diagram. Measurements of liquid enthalpy of binary LiPO3-Pb(PO3)2 system at temperature of 979.65 K were reported. The corresponding values were very small and so the binary system can be
considered as athermal. Assuming an ideal behaviour, the liquidus curves in the metastable diagram were calculated and the
eutectic reaction (LiPO3-Pb(PO3)2→Liquid) was confirmed at 793 K.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
997.
本文提出平行催化体系的对位叠式循环方波伏安法,并对共作了系统的研究,推导了这一方法的催化电流理论方程,并用验验证这理论的正确性,得到其各脉冲电流皆为同方向,对位叠式循环催化电流相当于将电流叠加4次,而波形不受方波幅度大小的影响,因而灵敏度和分辨率有较大提高,优于其它方波伏安法。 相似文献
998.
A flow-injection—conductimetric method was applied to the determination of ammonia, nitrate and nitrite at concentrations down to 5, 20 and 20 ng ml?1, respectively. Ammonia was determined by merging the injected sample with an alkaline solution (NaOHEDTA) and passing the mixture through a diffusion cell. The ammonia released was collected by a flowing stream of deionized water that passed through a conductance flow cell. Nitrate and nitrite concentrations were determined after reduction to ammonia in alkaline medium using a column filled with metallic zinc. The ammonia produced was then measured as described above. About 60 samples per hour can be processed with a relative standard deviation of about 1%. Satisfactory agreement was observed between results for ammonia in samples of natural water and nitrate in tap and mineral water determined by the proposed method and by standard spectrophotometric procedures. Speciation can be achieved by adding sulphanilic acid to remove nitrite from the sample and determining the ammonia without the use of the column. 相似文献
999.
It is proposed to define entropy for nonequilibrium ensembles using a method of coarse graining which partitions phase space into sets which typically have zero measure. These are chosen by considering the totality of future possibilities for observation on the system. It is shown that this entropy is necessarily a nondecreasing function of the timet. There is no contradiction with the reversibility of the laws of motion because this method of coarse graining is asymmetric under time reversal. Under suitable conditions (which are stated explicitly) this entropy approaches the equilibrium entropy ast+ and the fine-grained entropy ast–. In particular, the conditions can always be satisfied if the system is aK-system, as in the Sinai billiard models. Some theorems are given which give information about whether it is possible to generate the partition used here for coarse graining from time translates of a finite partition, and at the same time elucidate the connection between our concept of entropy and the entropy invariant of Kolmogorov and Sinai.Research supported in part by NSF grants PHY78-03816 and PHY78-15920. 相似文献
1000.
InIII-Phthalocyanines: Synthesis, Properties, and Crystal Structure of Tetra(n-butyl)ammonium-cis-di(nitrito-O,O')phthalocyaninato(2–)indate(III) [In(Cl)Pc2?] reacts with (nBu4N)NO2 in acetone yielding green-blue (nBu4N)cis[In(NO2)2Pc2?], which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n (No. 14). Both nitrite anions are coordinated as chelating nitrito-O,O'(NO2) ligands to InIII in cis-geometry. Consequently InIII is octa-coordinated within a distorted “quadratic” antiprism and directed towards the Pc2?-ligand. One of the NO2 ligands has equivalent N? O bonds similar to free nitrite, while the other has asymmetric N? O bonds. Both (In,O,N,O) rings are approximately planar with a dihedral angle of 80°. The Pc2? ligand is distorted in an asymmetrically convex manner. Partially overlapping pairs of Pc2? ligands related by an inversion center form double layers, which are separated by layers containing the (nBu4N)+ cations. The cyclic voltammogram shows three electrode processes, which are assigned to the redox pairs: Pc3?/Pc2? (?0.94 V) < InI/InIII (-0.78 V) < Pc2?/Pc? (0.64 V). The UV-VIS-NIR spectra and vibrational spectra are discussed. 相似文献