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101.
A heated injection system for a microprocessor-controlled GC has been developed for the (GC)2 analysis of the volatile phase of whole smoke of a cigarette. Effects of injection port temperature and the presence of a Cambridge filter pad are demonstrated. Chromatograms are shown for smoke samples with and without a Cambridge Filter with the sample valve oven at 25°, 165° and 205°C. The use of a flame ionization and a nitrogen-phosphorous detector is illustrated. 相似文献
102.
Studies of the vibrational spectra of matrix-isolated M+NO
3
–
ion pairs have been extended to glassy aprotic solvents. The deuterated form of the solvents DMSO, THF, and ACN have windows through the 7- nitrate ionv
3(e) mode infrared region, so it was possible to clearly observe the splitting of the degeneracy of this mode,v
3, produced by the contacting, but solvated, alkali metal cation. Primary attention has been directed to the extent to which this splitting is reduced relative to the argon matrix values. This reduction, which reflects electron-density transfer from the solvating molecules to the ion pairs, is comparable to that observed for H2O and NH3 matrices as the splitting is reduced to 20–35% of the argon-matrix values. The extent of reduction ofv
3 for the different solvents has been related to Gutmann's donicity number scale with the correlation holding well for solvent molecules of comparable size, DMSO, THF and DMF, but breaking down for the smaller linear ACN, apparently because of more molecules in the cation solvation sphere. The matrix data have also been used, through comparison with spectra for saturated liquid solutions of Li+NO
3
–
, to show that the contact ion pair is the dominant species in liquid THF and ACN, whereas the ions are largely solvent separated in DMSO. 相似文献
103.
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) has a low critical solution temperature (LCST) at 32°C in water and the hydrophilicity changes through the LCST. The microspheres whose surface was composed of PNIPAM exhibited phase transition behavior around 32°C. Therefore, the interactions between PNIPAM micropheres and granulocytes depended on the temperature. That is, the oxygen consumption and active oxygen production by cells in contact with PNIPAM-containing microspheres and adhesion of the microspheres to the cell surface were more enhanced above the LCST of PNIPAM than below it, whereas no significant temperature dependence of cell–microspheres interaction was observed in nonthermosensitive microsphere systems. It was suggested that the function of cells could be controlled with temperature using the temperature-sensitive microspheres. 相似文献
104.
Summary In this paper, polymeric hollow fibers prepared from pH-stable polypropylene were used as columns for micellar electrokinetic
capillary chromatography (MECC). The electroosmotic flow (EOF) for polypropylene hollow fibers was evaluated in the pH range
of 5.0–12.0. With untreated polypropylene hollow fibers a stabilized but enhanced EOF was achieved when SDS was used in the
buffer, decreasing the separation window for uncharged substances in MECC to impractical levels. Uncharged acrylamide and
charged 2-acryloylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid surface modifications were used to lower the strength of the EOF, increase
the separation window and prevent local overheating that could melt the column wall. 相似文献
105.
Yimin Jin J. Bonilla Ye-Gang Lin J. Morgan Linda McCracken J. Carnahan 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1996,46(3-4):1047-1059
Two poly(butylene terephthalate)/polycarbonate (PBT/PC) blends with different formulations were analyzed by modulated DSC (MDSC) and conventional DSC to determine differences in crystallization behavior. A significant difference (30°C in cold crystallization temperature) between the two samples was detectable by MDSC while no significant difference was seen by conventional DSC. That indicatesthe total heat flow from MDSC is not always equivalent to the heat flow from conventional DSC as we have assumed or seen before. The reason has not been fully understood, but may be related to unusual nucleation and crystallization induced by modulation. Alternative conventional DSC methods were developed and compared to the MDSC results.Dedicated to Professor Bernhard Wunderlich on the occasion of his 65th birthdayThe authors like to thank Drs. Bernhard Wunderlich and Robert Gallucci for helpful discussion, David Shaker and Mary Parsonage for some DSC experiments. Technical support from TA Instruments is also greatly appreciated. 相似文献
106.
B. Hlavőček J. Šestők L. Koudelka P. Mošner J. J. Mareš 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2005,80(2):271-283
Summary The forms of vibrations and displacements of particles in amorphous structures have been investigated. The particles, moving on highly non-linear amplitude, are responsible for the creation of disordered structures of amorphous bodies. The non-linear oscillators, even if 'few' in concentration, are characterized by unpredictable trajectories in phase space. The non-linear oscillators are fully developed in the liquid state above the crossover temperature Tcr and between Tcr and Tg their number decreases. Under Tg they completely disappear. The interconnection between the linear oscillators in blocks plays the most important role in the characteristic time spectra in liquid state. Using the additive properties of elements polarizibilities, the number of acoustical units in individual blocks at Tcr is estimated to be about 600 units. The diameter of blocks at Tcr was estimated to be about 1.8 nm. Even if the non-linear high amplitude motions disappear at solidification, the remnants of structural irregularity remain and the disordered structure of glass is formed. 相似文献
107.
According to the new method of preparing core-shell nanospheres developed by our group, by using two monomers, 2-hydroxypropyl
methacrylate(HPMA) and vinyl acetate(VAc), two kinds of core-shell nanospheres with poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) as the core
and crosslinked poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PHPMA) or poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) as the shell were successfully prepared
under similar conditions. After degrading the PCL cores of the two kinds of nanospheres by lipase, the corresponding crosslinked
poly(methyl acrylic acid) hollow spheres and crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) hollow spheres were obtained. Results indicate
that the new method we proposed for preparing core-shell polymeric nanospheres via in-situ polymerization can be generalized to a certain extent, and it is suitable for many systems provided the monomer used is soluble
in water, while its corresponding polymer is insoluble in water.
Translated from Chemical Journal of Chinese University, 2006, 27(9): 1762–1766 [译自: 高等学校化学学报] 相似文献
108.
109.
《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2003,35(8):667-672
The individual and combined adsorption behavior of polyamides and two different silanes to multicomponent glass surfaces was probed with a combination of x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and static contact angle measurements. Samples were analyzed with and without solvent rinsing to separate the weakly bound (physisorbed) and more strongly bound (chemisorbed) species. High‐resolution XPS on N 1s revealed that the polyamides adsorb to the glass surfaces via protonated amine species at the acidic (OH) sites on the glass surface. Angle‐resolved XPS confirmed this by showing that the alkyl portion of the polymer is oriented away from the glass interface. In competitive coadsorption studies it was found that amino‐terminated silanes preferentially adsorb to the glass surface, relegating the polyamide to a physisorbed outer layer. When mercaptoterminated silanes were competitively coadsorbed the polyamide was preferentially adsorbed even when present at a concentration twenty times less than that of the silane. Altogether, this work reveals the strong interaction between surface silanols and amino‐functionalized organics. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
110.
E. Yu. Mikhteeva E. G. Savchuk E. A. Tararako E. B. Merkulov V. K. Goncharuk 《Journal of Structural Chemistry》2005,46(6):1082-1085
Images of cleaved surfaces were obtained for 53ZrF4-20BaF2-4LaF3-3AlF3-20NaF (ZBLAN) glasses and fused quartz using an NTMDT atomic force microscope. It is shown that the scatter of particle size depends on the cooling rate and is 21–48.5 Å for the cleaved surface of ZBLAN glass obtained by very fast cooling and 68–172 Å for the cleaved surface of ZBLAN after slow cooling. For cleaved fused quartz, the range is 25-18 Å. 相似文献