Superconducting properties of ZnO-doped (Bi, Pb)-2223 thick film on Ni and NiO substrates prepared by spray deposition technique

The superconductivity of ZnO-doped (Bi, Pb)-2223 thick film on the Ni and NiO substrates, which was prepared by the spray deposition technique with cold forging, was investigated by characterizing the critical current density (J_c), the critical temperature (T_c), the orientation factor (f), and the microstructure of the film. The thickness of the thick film prepared by the spray deposition method was approximately 10 μm. The maximum J_c value of (Bi, Pb)-2223 film on NiO substrate was approximately 2200 A/cm² (I_c = 110 mA) when the film was sintered at 865 °C for 1 h with a cooling rate of 0.5 °C/min from 865 °C to 650 °C; in the case of Ni substrate, a maximum J_c value of approximately 2000 A/cm² (I_c = 100 mA) was obtained for the (Bi, Pb)-2223 thick film when a cooling rate was 3 °C/min. Such a difference in the J_c values of (Bi, Pb)-2223 thick film on Ni and NiO substrates is attributed to the presence of reaction layer at the (Bi, Pb)-2223 and substrate interface. In addition, the variations in the orientation factor of (Bi, Pb)-2223 thick film on NiO substrate related to those of J_c values. The J_c values of (Bi, Pb)-2223 film on NiO substrate with ZnO doping extremely depended on the amount of ZnO doping and the 0.5 wt% ZnO-doped (Bi, Pb)-2223 thick film deposited on NiO substrate, which was sintered at 835 °C for 1 h in air with a cooling rate of 1 °C/min, showed a J_c value of approximately 1200 A/cm² (I_c = 60 mA). Thus, it is considered that a small amount of ZnO doping was effective in lowering the sintering temperature of (Bi, Pb)-2223 thick film, resulting the improvement in the intragranular weak bonding or Josephson junction.     

金属锂枝晶生长机制及抑制方法

金属锂负极以极高的容量（3860 mAh ·g^-1）和最负的电势（-3.040 V vs标准氢电极）而被称为二次锂电池"圣杯"电极。以金属锂为负极的金属锂电池是极具前景的下一代高比能电池（比如锂硫和锂氧电池等）。然而,在锂离子反复沉积和析出过程中,金属锂负极表面容易生长出锂枝晶,并发生粉化,大大降低了电池的利用率,造成安全隐患,缩短电池使用寿命。本综述针对金属锂的枝晶问题开展评述。首先介绍金属锂负极的工作原理和存在的挑战;其次,评述金属锂负极的枝晶生长模型;再次,总结近年来针对抑制金属锂负极枝晶生长的研究进展。最后,总结全文并对金属锂负极的研究进行了展望。该综述尝试总结金属锂负极近些年在理论和技术上的进步,并为金属锂电池的实用化研究提供借鉴。     

Synthesis, crystal structure and forming mechanism of two novel copper (II) α-methacrylate complexes with benzimidazole

Two copper (II) α-Methacrylate complexes with benzimidazole, Cu[CH₂ = C(CH₃)-COO]₂ (C₃H₆N₂)₂(1) and Cu₂[CH₂ = C(CH₁)-COO]₂(C₃H₆N₂)₂(2), have been prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, IR and electronic reflectance spectroscopies. ’The single crystal X-ray diffraction study of the two complexes shows that complex 1 has a square planar configuration, while complex 2 has a binuclear cage structure. The crystal structural analyses show that both complexes 1 and 2 are monoclinic. with space group p2₁/c,a = 0.924 16(8) nm,b = 1.233 02(13) nm,c = 0.989 1(3) nm,β = 91.912 (13),D _c = 1.386 g/cm³,Z=2,R = 0.033 9 for the former; anda = 0.905 7(2) nm,b = 2.252 1(5) nm,c = 1.623 5(4) nm,β = 90.11 (2),D _c = 1.411 g/cm³,Z = 4,R = 0.056 8, Cu-Cu = 0.266 21 nm for tin latter. Different structural types of complexes 1 and 2 were produced simultaneously in the reaction of copper (II) α-methacrylate with benzimidazole in methanol solution. ’The forming mechanism of the complexes has been summanzed. Project supported by the national natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 29831010) and the Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry of Nanjing university.     

空气锤进排气噪声控制用消声器的试验研究

分析了空气锤进排气噪声的特性,全面深入地试验和分析了,不同基本滤波单元及其组合的消声器实际应用在Ｃ４１－１５０型空气锤时对排气噪声的降低功能,并取得了显著的降噪效果。     

Organosilicon ion‐exchange and complexing adsorbents

Literature data concerning research organosilicon ion‐exchangers and complexing agents have been summarized and systematized. Data on organophilic organosilicon adsorbents and sorption systems for chromatography are not considered here. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

非晶合金结构演变影响玻璃形成能力的分子动力学研究

通过分子动力学方法模拟了Ti75Al25、Ni50Zr50和Cu50Zr50非晶合金的玻璃转变过程, 得到并分析了平均原子体积和双体分布函数等结构参数, 并应用Voronoi多面体指数分析法统计了玻璃转变过程中二十面体及类二十面体团簇的数量, 通过分析团簇在玻璃转变过程中种类和数量的涨落趋势, 研究了非晶原子由短程序连接至中程序再至长程无序的动力学演化过程. 结果表明, 非晶合金的玻璃形成能力以及塑性变形能力与动力学演化过程中Voronoi团簇的种类和数量密切相关. 在玻璃转变过程中局部五次对称性高的团簇倾向于连接在一起形成链,从而密排整个空间, 降低系统的动力学行为从而提高玻璃形成能力. 塑性形变倾向于发生在局部五次对称性较低的区域. 在玻璃转变温度附近团簇种类和数量的突变反映出非晶合金的自组织临界行为, 蕴含着丰富的非线性动力学现象.     

Modeling heat transfer and transcrystallization kinetics during processing of polymer-based composites materials

Transcrystallization phenomena is a key issue to master for better understanding the role on the fiber-matrix interface in composites materials behavior during and after processing. In this paper, a non-isothermal kinetics model is presented to consider crystallization in fiber-based composite with thermoplastic matrix. The model extends Schneider's formulation to describe the development of transcrystalline layers around fibers. It also mentions the possibility to easily account for shear and flow conditions in addition to the transcrystallinity. Another approach, based on the volume fractions, giving the same results, is also introduced for comparison. Then, a parametric study is proposed in order to demonstrate the relevance of the developed model by comparing its results to well-known expecting behavior from the literature. Finally, an attempt is made to compare this model to the one proposed previously in the literature by Durin and al. after correcting some unclear points in the latter.