A novel digitally optimized rapid quantification of carcinogenic aryl azo amines from various food matrices by HPTLC-MS

Abstract

A rapid, precise and reproducible high-performance thin-layer chromatography-mass spectroscopy (HPTLC-MS) method was developed and validated for identification and quantification of toxic aryl azo amines from chili oils, pickles and related food matrices using Merck thin-layer chromatography (TLC) silica gel F-254 plates, as a stationary phase adsorbent by CAMAG HPTLC system. Extraction of azo food colors was done using method specified as per ISO standard. The use of tert-butyl-methyl ether as final extraction solvent resulted in minimal sample clean up and high efficiency. Calibration was performed to combat matrix effect. Good linearity levels were observed for the concentrations of aniline, 2, 4-xylidine and 4 aminoazobenzene of 2–14?ppm per band. The limits of detection and quantification found for aniline, 2,4-xylidine and 4-aminoazobenzene were found to be 0.0015, 200, and 400?ppm and limit of quantification (LOQ) values were found to be 0.004, 600, and 1200?ppm, respectively, with a correlation coefficient of 99.94 %. This study thus highlights an economically viable, commercially sustainable yet highly scientific technique of HPTLC-MS methodology with structural elucidation of banned azo amines in food and related products for their identification duly detectable at trace levels in a digitized form, which can enable material integrity-related prediction capacity of suspected food matrices.     

Application of gas and liquid chromatography coupled to time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry in pesticides: Multiresidue analysis

Analysis of pesticide residues in water and food matrices is an active research area closely related to food safety and environmental issues. In this aspect mass spectrometry (MS) coupled to gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) has been increasingly used in the analysis of pesticide residues in water and food. The increasing interest in application of high‐resolution mass spectrometry with time‐of‐flight (TOF) and hybrid triple quadrupole TOF in pesticide analysis is due to its capability of performing both targeted and nontargeted analysis. This article discusses an overview of the application of GC‐TOF‐MS and LC‐TOF‐MS in water and food matrices.     

典型模式下网络平台与食品生产经营者的相关决策

针对网络食品安全问题,分别构建网络平台与食品生产经营者合作一体化与各自独立时的经济利益优化模型,比较他们食品安全的相关决策,并在网络平台与食品生产经营者各自独立模式下对两者的行为策略进行博弈分析.结果表明:相比于各自独立,在合作一体化模式下网络平台设定的食品质量安全标准更低,食品生产经营者的食品供给量更大;在各自独立模式下,平台预期利润受食品安全问题负面影响更显著;网络平台与食品生产经营者合作一体化时,质量安全标准对两者合作的预期总利润影响相对较小.在各自独立模式下,若食品生产经营者供给不安全食品的"机会收益"不高于"机会损失",供给安全食品与严格监管是食品生产经营者与网络平台的最优策略组合.     

Ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for determining dinotefuran and its main metabolites in samples of plants,animal‐derived foods,soil, and water

An ultra high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry residue method was developed and validated for the quantification and identification of dinotefuran and its main metabolites 1‐methyl‐3‐(tetrahydro‐3‐furylmethyl) urea and 1‐methyl‐3‐(tetrahydro‐3‐furylmethyl) guanidine in fruit (watermelon), vegetable (cucumber), cereal (rice), animal‐derived foods (milk, egg, and pork), soil, and water. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile containing 15% v/v acetic acid and purified with dispersive solid‐phase extraction with octadecylsilane, primary secondary amine, graphitized carbon black, or zirconia‐coated silica prior to analysis. The method had an excellent linearity (R² ≥ 0.9942, 1–500 μg/L) and satisfactory recoveries (73–102%) at five spiked levels (0.001, 0.01, 0.05, 0.5, and 2 mg/kg) with intra‐ or interday precision in the range of 0.8–9.5% and 3.0–12.8% for the three compounds in the eight matrices. The limits of quantification were 10 μg/kg for 1‐methyl‐3‐(tetrahydro‐3‐furylmethyl) guanidine and 1 μg/kg for 1‐methyl‐3‐(tetrahydro‐3‐furylmethyl) urea and dinotefuran. The applicability of the developed method was demonstrated by determining the occurrence of dinotefuran, 1‐methyl‐3‐(tetrahydro‐3‐furylmethyl) guanidine, and 1‐methyl‐3‐(tetrahydro‐3‐furylmethyl) urea in various samples from plants, animal‐derived foods, and the environment. From 80 samples, 70 contained dinotefuran (0.8–11.7 μg/kg), among which six also contained 1‐methyl‐3‐(tetrahydro‐3‐furylmethyl) urea (water and rice, 0.5–0.9 μg/kg).     

Antimicrobial ZnO Nanoparticle–Doped Polyvinyl Alcohol/Pluronic Blends as Active Food Packaging Films

Today, plastic waste has been highlighted as one of the greatest threats to the environment. These environmental concerns and the increased necessity for safe food packaging have inspired scientists to focus on the development of active biodegradable materials. Herein, a novel poly(vinyl alcohol)/pluronic/ZnO nanocomposite film (PVA/PLUR/ZnO) is introduced as an active packaging material with enhanced antimicrobial activity. Gamma irradiation is used as a “green” route to prepare ZnO nanoparticles via a polymer pyrolysis method. The as-prepared ecofriendly ZnO nanoparticles are characterized and incorporated into the PVA/PLUR matrix in different concentrations. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering measurements prove that ZnO nanoparticles have a mean particle size of 30 nm with a spherical-like morphology. Morphological and structural characterization confirm the successful incorporation of ZnO into the PVA/PLUR matrix, which in turn enhances the thermal and barrier properties of PVA/PLUR/ZnO nanocomposite films. On the other hand, the opacity of blends is increased. The PVA/PLUR/ZnO composites exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, and fungi, and the activity increases with increasing concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles. These results introduce PVA/PLUR/ZnO films as effective antimicrobial materials for active food-packaging applications.     

Aquaculture Production of the Brown Seaweeds Laminaria digitata and Macrocystis pyrifera: Applications in Food and Pharmaceuticals

Seaweeds have a long history of use as food, as flavouring agents, and find use in traditional folk medicine. Seaweed products range from food, feed, and dietary supplements to pharmaceuticals, and from bioenergy intermediates to materials. At present, 98% of the seaweed required by the seaweed industry is provided by five genera and only ten species. The two brown kelp seaweeds Laminaria digitata, a native Irish species, and Macrocystis pyrifera, a native New Zealand species, are not included in these eleven species, although they have been used as dietary supplements and as animal and fish feed. The properties associated with the polysaccharides and proteins from these two species have resulted in increased interest in them, enabling their use as functional foods. Improvements and optimisations in aquaculture methods and bioproduct extractions are essential to realise the commercial potential of these seaweeds. Recent advances in optimising these processes are outlined in this review, as well as potential future applications of L. digitata and, to a greater extent, M. pyrifera which, to date, has been predominately only wild-harvested. These include bio-refinery processing to produce ingredients for nutricosmetics, functional foods, cosmeceuticals, and bioplastics. Areas that currently limit the commercial potential of these two species are highlighted.     

石墨烯及其衍生物在食品安全监测中的应用

综述了近年来石墨烯及其衍生物构建的传感器在食品基本组成成分、食品添加剂以及食品中残留的农药、重金属、抗生素等物质分析与监测方面的应用，并展望了石墨烯的发展与应用前景。     

HPLC法快速测定食品添加剂的检测条件研究

建立一种HPLC法快速测定食品中苯甲酸、山梨酸和糖精钠的分析方法.采用C18反向高效液相色谱柱,以甲醇和乙酸铵溶液为流动相洗脱,用紫外检测器于230nm波长处检测.当流动相甲醇与乙酸铵的比例(V/V)为39∶61时,各组分均得到较好的分离,色谱峰分离度达到3.0以上,色谱峰型尖锐,保留时间较短.色谱峰面积和保留时间的RSD均小于1%,表明该方法具有很好的准确度和精密度.在该色谱条件下,分别对饮料、调料等实际样品进行检测,结果表明该色谱条件的HPLC法快速、准确,重现性好,可作为食品中防腐剂和甜味剂的定性定量的参考方法.     

粮食中百草枯残留的金标免疫层析检测方法研究

采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金,研究胶体金与抗体蛋白的作用过程,确定稳定标记1.0 mL胶体金需8.10μg抗体蛋白,标记体系的最佳pH值为8.5。以金标抗体为分析探针,PQ-h-OVA为竞争抗原,羊抗兔IgG为控制抗体,构建直接竞争胶体金标免疫层析检测体系(GICA)。确定膜上包被抗原的质量浓度为0.50 g/L,点样量为1.0μL/条;金标点样量:5.0μL/条;羊抗兔二抗的最佳包被质量浓度为0.11 g/L,点样量为1.0μL/条。金标试纸条的目测检出限为10μg/L,检测时间约5 min,交叉反应率小于0.10%。方法的重复性和稳定性较好,该试纸条在室温下至少可保存5个月。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品包装纸中的酚类化合物

建立了食品包装纸中2,4,6-三氯酚、五氯酚、4-氯-3,5-二甲基-苯酚和4-叔-辛基酚的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。样品经丙酮超声萃取,Oasis HLB固相柱净化后,用Waters AC-QUITY UPLC C18柱以乙腈和0.05%氨水为流动相进行分离,以负离子模式离子化,在多离子反应监测(MRM)模式下定量检测。在优化实验条件下,2,4,6-三氯酚的线性范围为20~1 000μg.L-1,五氯酚、4-氯-3,5-二甲基-苯酚和4-叔-辛基酚的线性范围为5~1 000μg.L-1,相关系数均大于0.997。4种酚类化合物的检出限为1~10μg.kg-1,定量下限为5~20μg.kg-1,加标回收率为75%~109%,相对标准偏差均不高于12.5%。该方法灵敏度高、操作简单,可用于食品包装纸中酚类化合物含量的快速检测。