太赫兹成像技术对玉米种子的鉴定和识别

利用太赫兹时域光谱(THz_TDS)测试技术及透射式太赫兹逐点扫描成像技术分别对几种玉米种子DNA和胚的样品进行了光谱和成像测量;利用空间图样成份分析(component spatial pattern analysis)方法对得到的THz像进行识别运算。实验结果表明,几种样品在THz波段都有不同的吸收特性,但都没有明显的吸收峰,不能利用“特征指纹谱”进行识别。用基于THz扫描成像的空间图样成份分析方法能很好地实现不同玉米种子DNA样品的鉴定和识别。与现有的THz图像识别方法相比,这个方法只需要THz像的实验数据和样品的吸收谱信息,不需要样品的其它特征。这项研究为进一步利用THz成像技术实现无损检测、安全检查、质量监测等提供了依据,具有实际应用价值。     

Specific Proteins in the Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis of Freesia Refracta

IntroductionHaberlandt[1]proposed the conception of plantso-matic embryo in 1902, which states that plant cellsexhibit totipotency; each cell could divide ceaselesslyand eventually develops into a mature plantlet. Allthese provide a theoretical evidence for somatic embryo-genesis. The related researches reveal thatplantembry-ogenesis occurs as a result of the selective expression ofsets of genes that allowthe synthesis of special proteinsin a temporal and spatial sequential manner under themut…     

Specific Proteins in the Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis of Freesia

Using the young inflorescence segments of Freesia refracta as explants, indirect somatic embryogenesis of somatic cells was induced in a N6 medium supplemented with some exogenous hormones. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis（SDS-PAGE） was used for the analysis of soluble proteins produced during the somatic embryogenesis of this plant. There are six polypeptides, which might play some roles in the process of somatic embryo development. Tltree polypeptides（45, 53 and 55 kD） were detected in the stages of embryogenic callus, globular embryoid, and embryoid with coleoptiles, except the embryoid with leaf. One polypeptide（ 83 kD） was specific for the stages of embryoid with eoleoptiles and embryoid with leaf. One polypeptide（37 kD） was detected in the first two stages, namely, embryogenic callus and globular embryoid. One polypeptide（35 kD） was regularly synthesized in each stage, from embryogenic callus to embryoid with leaf.     

苜蓿胚状体的分离及其发育过程中几种酶活性的变化

通过组织培养技术获得了来源于苜蓿下胚轴愈伤组织的胚状体，并对胚状体的分离及发生和发育过程中过氧化物酶、酯酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性的变化进行了研究。结果表明，过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性变化表现出类似的规律性，即在球形胚时期二种酶的活性达到最大值，胚性愈伤组织时期次之，非胚性愈伤组织和子叶胚时期酶的活性较低。酯酶在球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷形胚和子叶胚时期的活性明显高于非胚性愈伤组织时期，且按照胚状体发生和发育的进程，酶活性呈现出上升的趋势。     

气泡室中"胚胎"气泡的联并成长为可见气泡的理论计算

借助岛的联并理论,可以很好地解决气泡室中"胚胎"气泡成长为可见气泡问题.理论计算表明,联并后的大"胚胎"气泡在成长为可见气泡的过程中,气泡的半径不仅与工作物质如液体的表面张力系数、饱和蒸汽压和流体的沸点有关,而且还与"胚胎 "气泡从其周围吸收热量和"胚胎"气泡联并的个数有关.理论上可以合理解释能量相同的中子和质子入射到气泡室所产生的径迹粗短;也可以合理解释电荷数较多的入射粒子较能量相同但电荷数不同的入射粒子,其在气泡室中径迹上气泡的半径要大.     

鸡胚羊水的核磁共振波谱分析

羊水是胚胎的正常发育必不可少的物质，因此，分析鸡胚羊膜内羊水的组成及含量，对于研究鸡胚的发育及发育过程中卵内发生的生物化学变化有着极为重要的意义. 本文 应用高分辨核磁共振波谱技术对鸡胚发育过程初期羊水中的主要代谢物进行了分析，检测到了氨基酸、脂类、葡萄糖、乳酸等29种代谢物，并对它们的¹H NMR谱进行了归属.     

胚胎发育与孕妇血锌含量的对比观察

为探讨早孕时期胚胎发育与微量元素的关系，测定了１２０例胚胎停止发育孕妇血锌含量，并与对照组比较，结果表明，８２例血锌含量低于对照组，占６８．３３％。     

The chick embryo: an animal model for detection of the effects of hormonal compounds

Hormonal compounds are a class of pharmaceutical product that disrupt the endocrine system of animals and humans. Exposure to these molecules, even at low concentrations, can have severely damaging effects on the environment, to organisms, and to humans. The cumulative presence of these compounds is also characterized by synergistic effects which are difficult to estimate. They are an underestimated danger to the environment and to the human population. This paper presents an in-vivo model enabling to assessment of the real impact of exposure to hormonal compounds and the synergistic effect which can be involved. The anatomical effects of in-ovo exposure to two natural estrogen compounds (estrone and estriol, at 600 ng g(-1)) and a synthetic estrogen (ethynylestradiol, at 20 ng g(-1)) have been investigated. Estrone and estriol lead to morphological defects, mainly in the urogenital system of the developing chick embryo, whereas ethynylestradiol has fewer effects. Estriol caused persistence of Müllerian ducts in 50% of male embryos and hypertrophic oviducts in 71% of females. Estrone had the same effects but at the percentages were lower. Kidney dysfunction was also observed, but only with estrone, in both males and females. We also tested estrogenic compounds in two types of cell line which are estrogen sensitive (BG1 and MCF7) then completed and confirmed our previous in-vivo results. Seven pharmaceutical-like compounds--estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), ethynylestradiol (EE(2)), carbamazepine (C), genistein (G), and bisphenol-A (BPA)--were tested alone or in mixtures. Different effects on the two cell lines were observed, indicating that endocrine compounds can act differently on this organism. Experiments also showed that these molecules have synergistic action and induce more severe effects when they are in mixtures.     

糙米、胚芽米、精白米中多种矿质元素和B族维生素含量的比较研究

对产自黑龙江省绥化市的同一批粳稻分别进行加工制得糙米、胚芽米和精白米,经过干灰化法或微波消解处理后,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP—OES）、原子吸收光谱法（AAS）和原子荧光光谱法（AFS）测定了其中Al、As、B、Ba、Ca、Cd、Co、cr、Cu、Fe、Hg、K、Mg、Mn、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Rb、S、Se和zn共23种矿质元素的含量,,并采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）和荧光分光光度法测定了其中维生素B．,烟酸,烟酰胺,维生素B。和维生素B：的含量。另外,还研究了经水淘洗后这3种类型大米中矿质元素和B族维生素含量的损失情况。结果表明,矿质元素和B族维生素含量呈现糙米,胚芽米,精白米由高到低的基本特征,淘洗可使各种矿质元素和B族维生素产生不同程度的损失,其中精白米中维生素B．经水淘洗后已损失殆尽。3种类型大米中cd、Cu、Mo、Ni、S、Se、Zn等元素含量差异相对较小,并且淘洗对Mo、S元素含量几乎没有影响,而cd、cu元素含量经水淘洗后反而略有增加。