全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1701篇 |
免费 | 343篇 |
国内免费 | 122篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1022篇 |
晶体学 | 29篇 |
力学 | 30篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
数学 | 22篇 |
物理学 | 1058篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 33篇 |
2021年 | 64篇 |
2020年 | 71篇 |
2019年 | 59篇 |
2018年 | 55篇 |
2017年 | 65篇 |
2016年 | 109篇 |
2015年 | 84篇 |
2014年 | 106篇 |
2013年 | 134篇 |
2012年 | 137篇 |
2011年 | 130篇 |
2010年 | 91篇 |
2009年 | 114篇 |
2008年 | 135篇 |
2007年 | 109篇 |
2006年 | 107篇 |
2005年 | 101篇 |
2004年 | 72篇 |
2003年 | 75篇 |
2002年 | 43篇 |
2001年 | 30篇 |
2000年 | 44篇 |
1999年 | 26篇 |
1998年 | 26篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 19篇 |
1994年 | 19篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2166条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
几种电致发光聚合物材料的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了几种典型的电致发光聚合物材料,包括聚(对苯乙烯撑)及其衍生物、聚噻吩及其衍生物、聚芴及其衍生物,对它们的结构、制备方法、特点进行了归纳和讨论。其中最重要的是聚(对苯乙烯撑)(PPV)及其衍生物,目前采用较多的制备方法是前聚物法和强碱诱导的去卤缩合法以及电化学聚合法。在苯环上引入长链烷烃、烷氧基或芳基后的取代PPV,即PPV的衍生物,可溶于很多有机溶剂。可溶性PPV衍生物为制备多层电致发光聚合物器件提供了有效途径。文章还对电致发光聚合物材料存在的问题和发展前景进行了探讨和展望。 相似文献
32.
Schalley CA Lützen A Albrecht M 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2004,10(5):1072-1080
Functional molecules require a high degree of complexity which is difficult to achieve by covalent synthesis. This article discusses supramolecular approaches to the creation of larger architectures through noncovalent bonds, self-assembly, and template strategies. It highlights selected examples for the structural and conformational control of function and attempts to identify difficulties and challenges which may arise in future. 相似文献
33.
34.
35.
用Suzuki偶合反应合成了一系列以咔唑为主链,与不同的芳香环和杂环化合物 共聚的新型电致发光无规共聚物.这些共聚物溶于普通的有机溶剂,发较强的荧光 .咔唑链段为共聚物提供了很好的空穴传输和空穴注入性能.与咔唑共聚的窄能隙 单体,如蒽(ANT)、噻吩(Th)、2,1,3-苯并噻二唑(BTDZ)、2,1,3—苯并硒二唑 (BseDZ)和4,7—二噻吩—2,1,3—苯并噻二唑(DBT)在聚合物中含量小于50%时 成为陷阱中心.还观察到极为有效的分子内能量转移.由于共聚单体的能隙不同, 这些电致发光共聚物的发光范围可覆盖整个可见光谱区.研究结果表明,用咔唑作 为宽带主体,与少量低带隙单体共聚,有可能成为一种合成同时兼有优异空穴注入 特性,又能广泛调节发光颜色的新的发光聚合物体系. 相似文献
36.
A bifunctional amido-thiophene namely hexamethylene (bis-3-thiophene acetamide) (HMTA) was synthesized by the reaction of 3-thiophene acetic acid with hexamethylene diamine. Copolymerization in the presence of thiophene was achieved electrochemically in tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate/acetonitrile (TBAFB/AN). Spectroelectrochemical analysis of the resulting copolymer [P(HMTA-co-Th)] reflected electronic transitions at 505 nm, 740 nm and ∼1000 nm, revealing π to π* transition, polaron and bipolaron band formation respectively. Switching ability was evaluated by a kinetic study via measuring the transmittance (%T) at the maximum contrast. Dual type polymer electrochromic devices (ECDs) based on P(HMTA-co-Th) and poly(ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) have been constructed. Spectroelectrochemistry, switching ability and stability of the devices were investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. These devices exhibit low switching voltages (between 0.0 V and +1.6 V), short switching times with reasonable switching stability under atmospheric conditions. 相似文献
37.
Margaret Sequeira Dermot Diamond Antoine Daridon Jan Lichtenberg Sabeth Verpoorte N. F. de Rooij 《Trends in analytical chemistry : TRAC》2002,21(12):816-827
Progress in the development of a micro-fluidic system for colorimetric monitoring of ammonia in drinking and wastewater is described. The ultimate goal is to have a miniaturised instrument that can produce accurate, reliable measurements, is easy to operate, has minimal power consumption, and can operate autonomously for a year. In this study, the indophenol reaction is incorporated into a simple, reliable analytical micro-fluidic system. Absorbance measurements for the blue ammonia-indophenol complex formed in the micro-fluidic system are shown. A key issue is the limiting stability of hypochlorite, a reagent used in the assay. The effects of hypochlorite concentration and impurities on the stability of hypochlorite are investigated and discussed. Decomposition is shown to be very dependent on the presence of heavy-metal impurities. With low levels of these catalytic metals and careful storage, hypochlorite has been shown to be stable for over a year. 相似文献
38.
Moncada MC Parola AJ Lodeiro C Pina F Maestri M Balzani V 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2004,10(6):1519-1526
We have investigated the network of reactions observed for the photochromic 4'-hydroxy-6-nitroflavylium compound in aqueous solutions upon pH changes (including pH jump and stopped flow experiments) and light excitation. The changes observed in the NMR and UV/Vis spectra allowed identification of ten different forms in which this compound can be transformed depending on the experimental conditions. Equilibrium and kinetic constants have been determined. Compared with other members of the flavylium family, 4'-hydroxy-6-nitroflavylium is characterized by a large cis-->trans isomerization barrier, and a very efficient hydration reaction. These peculiar features allow writing, reading, storing and erasing photonic information on 4'-hydroxy-6-nitroflavylium by a novel cyclic process that involves the following steps: write-lock/read/unlock/enable-erase/erase. 相似文献
39.
报导了α,ω-偶氮苯,紫精双发色团化合物的合成与性质研究,结果表明偶氮苯的光致顺反异构化以可调控与之相连的紫精与曙红络合行为,其作用程度的强弱与连接两者的亚甲基链的长度有关,借助HNMR通过对构象进行分析解释了上述的研究结果。 相似文献
40.
不对称烷氧基取代聚对苯乙炔的合成及电致发光性能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用强碱诱导的去卤缩合聚合法,合成了不对称烷氧基取代的聚(2-甲氧基-5-十二烷氧基-1,4-对苯乙炔)(PMDPV).其溶解性和成膜性能优于对称取代的聚(2,5-双十二烷氧基-1,4-对苯乙炔).以PMDPV为发光层质的聚合物电致发光器件,其发光峰值波长为605nm.并用IR、UV-Vis、TGA、1HNMR、GPC等对所合成的聚合物进行了表征. 相似文献