A lateral super-resolution differential confocal technology with phase-only pupil filter

In order to achieve a higher lateral resolution required for ultraprecision measurement of microstructural workpieces, phase-only pupil filtering differential confocal microscopy (PFDCM), a new approach is proposed based on the differential confocal microscopy (DCM), which uses a three-zone phase-only pupil filter with lateral super-resolution capability obtained through optimized design to change the distribution of DCM three-dimensional point spread function, so that the DCM lateral resolution is therefore significantly improved while its axial resolution is slightly improved. Preliminary experimental comparison and analyses indicate that, the lateral and axial resolutions of PFDCM are better than 0.2 μm and 2 nm, respectively, when wavelength of incidence laser beam , numerical aperture of measuring lens NA=0.85, and lateral spot size with a three-zone phase-only pupil filter G_T=0.65. It is therefore concluded that PFDCM is a new approach to further improvement of lateral resolution in laser probe measurement systems.     

Two-Phase Image Segmentation by Nonconvex Nonsmooth Models with Convergent Alternating Minimization Algorithms

Two-phase image segmentation is a fundamental task to partition an image into foreground and background. In this paper, two types of nonconvex and nonsmooth regularization models are proposed for basic two-phase segmentation. They extend the convex regularization on the characteristic function on the image domain to the nonconvex case, which are able to better obtain piecewise constant regions with neat boundaries. By analyzing the proposed non-Lipschitz model, we combine the proximal alternating minimization framework with support shrinkage and linearization strategies to design our algorithm. This leads to two alternating strongly convex subproblems which can be easily solved. Similarly, we present an algorithm without support shrinkage operation for the nonconvex Lipschitz case. Using the Kurdyka-Łojasiewicz property of the objective function, we prove that the limit point of the generated sequence is a critical point of the original nonconvex nonsmooth problem. Numerical experiments and comparisons illustrate the effectiveness of our method in two-phase image segmentation.     

基于电子海图显示信息系统的惯性/地磁组合导航

为实现惯导系统长时间高精度导航,以性能优良的电子海图显示信息系统为开发背景,对地磁匹配辅助惯性导航系统进行了设计和仿真实验。在原有电子海图显示信息系统的基础上开发了数据采集模块、地磁数据库模块、惯导/地磁匹配模块、惯导误差估计模块等功能软件,并对各功能模块进行了深入分析。仿真试验结果证明,基于电子海图显示信息系统的惯性/地磁组合导航达到了校正惯性导航系统,实现高精度导航的目的。     

Boundary contour analysis for surface stress recovery in 2-D elasticity and Stokes flow

Summary A variant of the boundary element method, called the boundary contour method, offers a further reduction in dimensionality. Consequently, boundary contour analysis of 2-D problems does not require any numerical integration at all. In a boundary contour analysis, boundary stresses can be accurately computed using the approach proposed in Ref. [1]. However, due to singularity, this approach can be used only to calculate boundary stresses at points that do not lie at an end of a boundary element. Herein, it is shown that a technique based on the displacement/velocity shape functions can overcome this drawback. Further, the approach is much simpler to apply, requires less computational effort, and provides competitive accuracy. Numerical solutions and convergence study for some well-known problems in linear elasticity and Stokes flow are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. This research was supported in part by the 2004 Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award from Oak Ridge Associated Universities and by the University of South Alabama Research Council.     

低分辨率医学图像的多图谱分割方法

基于多图谱的图像分割方法因其分割精度高和鲁棒性强,在医学图像分割领域被广泛研究,主要包含图像配准和标签融合两个步骤.目前对多图谱分割方法的研究通常都是在图谱图像和待分割目标图像具有相同分辨率的情况下展开的.然而,由于受图像采集时间,采集设备等影响,临床实践中采集的影像大多是低分辨率数据,使得目前在影像研究中广泛使用的方法无法有效应用于临床实践.因此,针对这一问题,我们结合图像超分辨率恢复方法,提出了精确鲁棒的低分辨率医学图像的多图谱分割方法,实验结果显示提出的方法显著地提高了多图谱分割方法的分割精度.     

统计模型在中文文本挖掘中的应用

本文讨论了中文文本挖掘的三个问题:分词、关键词提取和文本分类。对分词问题,介绍了基于层叠隐马尔可夫模型的ICTCLAS分词法,以及将词与词之间的分隔视为缺失数据并用EM算法求解的WDM方法;对关键词提取问题,提出了贝叶斯因子法,并介绍了使用稀疏回归的CCS方法;对文本分类问题,介绍了根据关键词频率建立分类器的方法,以及先建立主题模型再根据主题概率建立分类器的方法。本文通过两组文本数据对上述方法进行比较,并给出使用建议。     

基于亮度均衡化的图像阈值分割技术在黄河冰凌监测中的应用

一种基于亮度均衡化的图像阈值分割算法被提出.该算法将冰凌图像亮度数据均衡化,以类间方差最大为标准,求得最佳阈值,并将冰凌图像转化为二值图像,通过冰凌像素统计,最终确定冰凌密度.该算法被应用于黄河河道冰凌图像密度的计算中,取得较好的效果.     

室内惯性/视觉组合导航地面图像分割算法

导航技术是机器人实现自主移动的关键技术之一。针对惯性导航创建全局导航地图困难等问题,提出一种新的惯性/视觉组合导航室内全局地图创建方法。规定机器人只能在地面区域中移动,并利用室内俯视图像建立全局地图,提出一种俯视图像地面区域的自动分割算法。首先,利用主元分析算法对图像的局部颜色特征进行降维;其次,利用聚类算法对地面区域进行自动分割;最后,建立了室内俯视图像数据库并对算法的性能进行了验证。由于第四组图像中包含反光区域,算法的分割结果较差,平均正确分辨率为75%。算法在其他各组的平均正确分割率为85%左右。为提高算法的性能,可在应用本算法前利用反光区域检测算法对图像进行预处理。     

A segmentation method for noisy photoelectric image

In order to improve the ability of noisy photoelectric image segmentation and satisfy the requirement of human visual apperception, a noisy photoelectric image segmentation method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the basic principle of FCM algorithm is analyzed in detail. Secondly, on the basis of PCM algorithm, only such pixels affected by noise lesser that centralized in the diagonal area of two-dimensional histogram is actualized image processing, and the probability of the pixel that lie in such area is obtained. Thirdly, objective function, membership matrix and cluster centers are renovated on the basis of PCM algorithm. Finally, experiment contrast between our method and other methods is executed, the results of experiment indicate that our method has relatively better segmentation quality and faster segmentation speed.     

高彩模式下的显示特技和兼容性技术

从显示的基本原理出发，对高彩模式下的显示特技和兼容性问题作了讨论，提出了显卡识别、虚拟显卡的实施方法，很好的解决了软件的兼容性问题，同时也大大提高了DOS环境下的图形界面的质量.