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131.
In this paper, an experimental and numerical investigation of premixed methane/air flame dynamics in a closed combustion vessel with a thin obstacle is described. In the experiment, high-speed video photography and a pressure transducer are used to study the flame shape changes and pressure dynamics. In the numerical simulation, four sub-grid scale viscosity models and three sub-grid scale combustion models are evaluated for their individual prediction compared with the experimental data. High-speed photographs show that the flame propagation process can be divided into five stages: spherical flame, finger-shaped flame, jet flame, mushroom-shaped flame and bidirectional propagation flame. Compared with the other sub-grid scale viscosity models and sub-grid scale combustion models, the dynamic Smagorinsky–Lilly model and the power-law flame wrinkling model are better able to predict the flame behaviour, respectively. Thus, coupling the dynamic Smagorinsky–Lilly model and the power-law flame wrinkling model, the numerical results demonstrate that flame shape change is a purely hydrodynamic phenomenon, and the mushroom-shaped flame and bidirectional propagation flame are the result of flame–vortex interaction. In addition, the transition from “corrugated flamelets” to “thin reaction zones” is observed in the simulation. 相似文献
132.
Hongdian Lu Charles A. Wilkie Ming DingLei Song 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2011,96(5):885-891
Nanocomposites of poly (vinyl alcohol) with ethylamine modified zirconium phosphate (ZrP-EA) were prepared by solution blending. Their morphologies were elucidated with X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, while the thermal stability and flammability performance were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectra and microscale combustion calorimetry. It was established that the morphology of the nanocomposites evolved as ZrP-EA content increased. In the nanocomposites, catalytic degradation of the acetate groups remaining in poly (vinyl alcohol) occurred and catalytic carbonization was observed. Microscale combustion calorimetry revealed that the flammability performance of poly (vinyl alcohol) was improved by the introduction of zirconium phosphate nanoplatelets. 相似文献
133.
134.
Low-temperature heat capacities and standard molar enthalpy of formation of N-methylnorephedrine C11H17NO(s) 下载免费PDF全文
This paper reports that low-temperature heat capacities of N-methylnorephedrine C11H17NO(s) have been measured by a precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from T=78K to T=400K. A solid to liquid phase transition of the compound was found in the heat capacity curve in the temperature range of T=342-364 K. The peak temperature, molar enthalpy and entropy of fusion of the substance were determined. The experimental values of the molar heat capacities in the temperature regions of T=78-342 K and T=364-400 K were fitted to two poly- nomial equations of heat capacities with the reduced temperatures by least squares method. The smoothed molar heat capacities and thermodynamic functions of N-methylnorephedrine C11H17NO(s) relative to the standard refer- ence temperature 298.15 K were calculated based on the fitted polynomials and tabulated with an interval of 5 K. The constant-volume energy of combustion of the compound at T=298.15 K was measured by means of an isoperibol precision oxygen-bomb combustion calorimeter. The standard molar enthalpy of combustion of the sample was calculated. The standard molar enthalpy of formation of the compound was determined from the combustion enthalpy and other auxiliary thermodynamic data through a Hess thermochemical cycle. 相似文献
135.
José R. B. Gomes Luísa M. P. F. Amaral Manuel A. V. Ribeiro da Silva 《Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry》2008,21(5):365-371
The standard (p0 = 0.1 MPa) molar enthalpy of formation of 3,4‐dimethylbenzophenone was derived from the standard molar energy of combustion, in oxygen, at T = 298.15 K, measured by static bomb combustion calorimetry. The Calvet high temperature vacuum sublimation technique was used to measure the enthalpy of sublimation of the compound. From these experimental parameters, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of 3,4‐dimethylbenzophenone, in the gaseous phase and at T = 298.15 K, was derived as ?(17.1 ± 2.9) kJ mol?1. Density functional theory was used to investigate the gas‐phase molecular energetics of the 12 dimethylbenzophenones. Molecular geometries and vibrational frequencies were computed at the B3LYP/6‐31G(d) level of theory. The larger 6‐311+G(2d,2p) basis set was used to compute the energy of all dimethylbenzophenones and of the other compounds that were considered for the estimation of the standard molar enthalpies of formation at T = 298.15 K. The calculations show that the 2,2′‐ and 4,4′‐dimethylbenzophenones are the least and most stable isomers, respectively. Finally, the calculated enthalpy of formation of the benzophenone that was also studied experimentally, 3,4‐dimethylbenzophenone, is ?16.7 kJ mol?1, which is in excellent agreement with the experimental result. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
136.
137.
The regular and random mixing structures in a turbulent diffusion flame were investigated using the quantitative, dynamic crossed-beam schlieren method. Evidence was found close to the nozzle relating to the vortexlike structure of eddies surrounding the central fuel jet flow. The observations also make possible resolution of turbulent intensity, scales, convection, and spectra within the diffusion flame without the use of seeding or intrusion of measuring probes. It is found that length scales and other turbulence parameters in the diffusion flame progressively revert to values similar to those expected and observed in scalar passive mixing as the combustion reaction intensity reduces with axial distance from the nozzle system. 相似文献
138.
R. R. Mahajan P. S. Makashir J. P. Agrawal 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2001,65(3):935-942
Complexes of nitrocellulose (NC – low and high nitrogen content) with copper oxide (CuO) have been synthesized and studied
for morphological behaviour on heating from room temperature to 500°C with the help of hot stage microscopy (HSM).
During decomposition, NC:CuO complexes show contraction of fibrous boundaries followed by mass movement of matrix, with the
evolution of brown yellow colour gas at higher temperatures as compared to NC alone.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
139.
本文在低温太阳热能与CH3OH-Fe2O3化学链燃烧相结合控制CO2分离动力系统的基础上,进一步探讨了低温太阳热能品位提升的内在规律,分别揭示出辐照强度与CH3OH-Fe2O3反应特性、低温太阳热能品位提升的关联关系.本文采用溶胶凝胶法制作了Fe2O3反应颗粒,在热重反应器中进行了模拟太阳热能与甲醇化学链实验的初步研究,通过电镜,分析了反应前后金属氧化物的表面形貌特征.研究成果将为低温太阳热能与化学链燃烧整合能量释放新机理的研究提供理论依据和基础实验数据. 相似文献
140.