北京大学国产大晶粒铌材超导腔的性能研究

大晶粒铌材是射频超导领域的研究热点之一. 采用大晶粒铌材的射频超导谐振腔, 其后处理工艺可以大大简化. 北京大学对此进行了深入细致的研究, 自主研制了采用国产大晶粒铌材的射频超导腔, 对这些超导腔进行了简单的表面处理, 包括标准的化学抛光(BCP)和120℃低温烘烤处理, 未进行非常复杂的电抛光处理, 低温性能测试结果表明其低温超导性能优越, 大晶粒1.3GHz超导腔的加速梯度达到了43.5MV/m, 为我国超导加速器的国产化打下了基础.     

两重外腔的自混合干涉及其信号分析

提出了具有两重外腔的自混合干涉。根据半导体激光器的自混合干涉理论，研究了两重外腔自混合干涉模型，及其信号的调制和解调方法。该方法用一个附加的参考反射镜在半导体激光器(LD)和目标间形成两重外腔，参考外腔用于补偿光学频率涨落引入的相位误差。用快速傅立叶变换相位探测技术(FFT)分析自混合干涉信号。运用这些方法，可提高相位测量精度，在微光机电系统、光学工程和其他工程应用上有潜在的实用价值。     

Characterization of Vacuum Brazed Joints for Superconducting Cavities

Brazing is a process to join metallic and non-metallic materials, without any melting or plastic state of the base metals. The poor wettability of ceramic may be improved by the use of alloys containing an element capable of changing the chemistry of the ceramic surface (active braze). In this paper we propose the substitution of the Electron Beam welding with Vacuum Brazing in order to join the resonator components, Nb, Cu OFHC, and Al₂O₃, with stainless steel flanges, in superconducting resonant cavities. Several combinations of brazed joints have been tested. The characterization of the joints has been performed with SEM-EDS and MICROPIXE. All the joints fulfil the requirements.     

An optical technique to measure the frequency and mode emission of tunable lasers

Summary To use mode tunable lasers it is necessary to measure the laser frequency and the mode emission. This problem is very important when waveguide lasers are used. Normally this information is obtained by a heterodyne technique, but there are some difficulties to perform this method in a large electrical noise environment, when pulsed or radiofrequency lasers are used. We have obtained this laser information by using an alternative low-cost optical system. With this apparatus we have measured the cavity pulling and roughly estimated an upper limit for the linewidth of a radiofrequency, high pressure, line and mode-tunable, CO₂ laser.

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Riassunto Nell'impiego di lasers accordabili in modo è necessario misurare la frequenza. Normalmente questa misura è derivata da tecniche eterodina, ma ci sono grosse difficoltà in presenza di un grosso rumore elettromagnetico di fondo, come quando viene usata una eccitazione a radiofrequenza. Le stesse informazioni possono essere ottenute con metodi ottici; per esempio con questa tecnica noi abbiamo misurato lo spostamento di cavità e la larghezza di banda di un laser ad alta pressione a CO₂ alimentato a RF accordabile 500 MHz in modo.

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Резюме Для использования настроенных лазеров необходимы измерения частоты и моды излучения. Зта проблема является очень важнои, когда используются волноводные лазеры. Обычно зта информция получается с помощью гетеродинной техники, но возникает ряд трудностей при применении этого метода из-за высокого злектрического шума скружающей среды, когда используются импульсные или радиочастотные лазеры. Мы предлагаем получать зту информацию о лазерах, используя альтернативную оптич ческую систему с низкой стоимостью. С помощью этой аппаратуры мы измеряем резонатор и грубо оцениваем верхний предел длины волны радиочастотного настроенного CO₂ лазера с высоким давлением.

     

CH-π Multi-Interaction-Driven Recognition and Isolation of Planar Compounds in a Spheroidal Polyaromatic Cavity

π-π Interactions are established as a powerful supramolecular tool, whereas the usability of CH-π interactions has been rather limited so far. Here we present (i) selective binding of planar polyaromatics and (ii) effective isolation of planar metal complexes by a polyaromatic capsule, utilizing multiple CH-π interactions. In the spheroidal cavity, one molecule of large and medium-sized polyaromatic molecules (i. e., coronene and pyrene) is exclusively bound from mixtures bearing the same number of aromatic CH groups. Theoretical studies reveal that multiple host-guest CH-π interactions (up to 32 interactions) are the predominant driving force for the observed selectivity. In addition, one molecule of planar metal complexes (i. e., porphine and bis(acetylacetonato) Cu(II) complexes) is quantitatively bound by the capsule through aromatic and aliphatic CH-π multi-interactions, respectively. The ESR and theoretical studies demonstrate the isolation capability of the capsular framework and an unusual polar environment in the polyaromatic cavity.     

普鲁士蓝/壳聚糖杂化膜修饰氧化锌球腔阵列/氧化铟锡电极制备及应用

用Langmuir-Blodgett技术制成了附着聚苯乙烯小球的氧化铟锡(InSnO)模板。将此模板水平置于由硝酸锌及柠檬酸组成的前驱体溶胶中,用溶胶-凝胶法制得氧化锌球腔阵列/氧化铟锡电极。采用电沉积法得到普鲁士蓝/壳聚糖杂化膜修饰的氧化锌球腔阵列/氧化铟锡电极。该电极在pH 7.0～8.0的溶液中具有良好的电化学活性,过氧化氢浓度在7.67×10-7～4.72×10-4mol.L-1范围内与相应的电流响应值呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为2.4×10-7mol.L-1。测定2.0×10-5mol.L-1过氧化氢溶液时,其相对标准偏差(n=10)为3.8%。     

Si离子注入和H等离子体处理对单晶Si中空腔生长的影响研究

室温下首先采用160keVHe离子注入单晶Si样品到剂量5×10¹⁶ions/cm²,部分样品再接受80keVSi离子辐照到较高的剂量5×10¹⁵ions/cm²或接受高密度H等离子体处理.应用透射电镜观测分析了800℃高温退火引起的空腔的形成形貌.结果表明,附加Si离子辐照或H等离子体处理会影响Si中空腔的生长.就Si离子附加辐照而言,由于辐照引入富余的间隙子型缺陷,因此,它会抑制空腔的生长,而高密度H等离子体处理则有助于空腔的生长.定性地讨论了实验结果.     

原子与耦合腔相互作用的动力学特性

研究了两个二能级原子分别与耦合腔A和B发生共振相互作用时的情况,给出了总激发数为1时系统态矢的演化。通过对原子1和原子2占有激发子的几率,以及腔A和腔B具有1个光子的几率计算,研究了系统的动力学行为。讨论了腔场间的耦合强度变化对系统动力学行为的影响。研究结果表明:随着腔场间耦合的增强,系统初始的激发子分布在原子1和原子2中的几率增大,腔A和腔B具有1个光子的几率减小,两原子间的纠缠增强。