Formation of Bi-Sb, Bi-Sn, and Bi-Sb-Sn Nanoclusters in Silica Xerogel Matrices from Mixed-Metal Oxide Precursors

Homogeneous mixed-metal oxides of the general formula (Bi/E/Si)O _x , where E represents a dopant element (E=Sb, Sn, or Sb/Sn), can be prepared using typical sol-gel processing techniques. Reduction of the in-situ Bi(III) and E ions by hydrogen affords nanocomposites of Bi-Sb, Bi-Sn, or Bi-Sb-Sn widely dispersed throughout the silica xerogel matrix. The materials prepared have high Bi-E metal loading of 52–60 wt. % containing Bi-E alloy nanoclusters of 12–15 nm average diameter. These results demonstrate a convenient method for the production of practical quantities of nanostructured bismuth alloy ceramic composites at high metal content.     

Chemistry of polyfunctional molecules-123. Reactions of BiBr3, SbI3 and AsI3 with LiN(PPh2)2; X-ray structure of a cyclophosphazene salt containing arsenic(I)

BiBr₃ or SbI₃ react at 20°C with LiN(PPh₂)₂ (1) to give elementary Bi or Sb and the P---P coupled phosphazene ligand Ph₂P---N=PPh₂---PPh₂=N---PPh₂ (2). The reaction of AsI₃ with 1 at room temperature formed yellow needles of the eight-membered heterocycle (3), whereas AsI₃ interacted at 80°C with 1 in the molar ratio of 1:3 to give elementary arsenic and 2. Treatment of AsI₃ and 1 at 20°C in a 1:2 stoichiometry yielded the seven-membered, cyclic arsenium(I) salt

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I·4THF (5·4THF), which was characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity, mass, IR and NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray structural analysis.     

纳米晶掺钇硬质合金粉末的制备

采用高能球磨法制备了纳米晶掺Y硬质合金粉末。用XRD，SEM和DTA等分析检测手段，研究了纳米晶掺Y硬质合金粉末的结构、形貌和相的变化。结果表明：高能球磨45h，可获得晶粒尺寸约为8nm的掺Y硬质合金粉末；微量Y的加入，有利于硬质合金粉末晶粒的细化；在25～45h范围内，随着高能球磨时间的延长，粉末晶粒尺寸减小，且掺Y硬质合金粉末的晶粒尺寸比未掺Y的硬质合金粉末晶粒尺寸要细一倍；高能球磨25h，粉末中Co的X射线衍射峰消失。高能球磨掺Y硬质合金粉末的DTA曲线在626℃出现了1个尖锐的放热峰。高能球磨掺Y硬质合金粉末固结之后，其合金晶粒细小，机械性能较好。     

Small ball probabilities for a Wiener process under weighted sup-norms,with an application to the supremum of bessel local times

LetR be the radial part of ad-dimensional Wiener process, starting from 0. In this paper, small ball probabilities are evaluated for sup_0<11(t ^–p R(t)) and sup _t 0(e ^–1 R(t)), withp[0, 1/2]. Chung's law of the iterated logarithm is established for the supremum of the local times of a two-dimensional Bessel process.     

meso-四(对-磺酸基苯基)卟啉与痕量铋(Ⅲ)显色反应的研究

本文研究了在催化剂Hg(Ⅱ)存在下,meso-四(对-磺酸基苯基)卟啉与铋(Ⅲ)的显色反应。在室温下,在弱酸性介质中,反应在7min内完成。配合物的最大吸收波长为462nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为3.78×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。Bi(Ⅲ)含量在0～10μg/mL范围内符合比尔定律。配合物的组成为Bi(Ⅲ):TPPS_4=2:3。是目前测定Bi(Ⅲ)灵敏度最高的显色反应之一。用于矿样中痕量铋(Ⅲ)的测定获得了较为满意的结果。     

Sm~(3 )在硼酸盐玻璃中的发光及Bi~(3 )对Sm~(3 )的敏化作用

早在六十年代,人们为了寻找较好的激光玻璃,曾对Sm~(3 )离子掺杂的玻璃中的光谱进行过研究。为了探寻新型的激光,发光玻璃,又进一步研究了Sm~(3 )在玻璃中的发光和敏化。我们以寻找一种高亮度,低成本的发光玻璃为目的,研究了基质玻璃组成,敏化离子及其浓度对Sm~(3 )发光性质的影响。 选择B_2O_3-BaO-M_mO_n(M_mO_n=Li_2O,Na_2O,K_2O,MgO,CaO,SrO)玻璃体系,所用原料的纯度皆为分析纯以上,用陶瓷坩埚在1250℃掺杂氧化钐(纯度均大于99％),玻璃的荧光谱和激发光谱,用MPF-4型荧光分光光度计测定。     

钛酸铋系化合物的光催化性能研究

采用化学溶液分解法制备了钛酸铋化合物: Bi₁₂TiO₂₀, Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂和Bi₂Ti₂O₇, 并采用XRD表征了其结构. 用TEM观察发现其平均粒径＞100 nm, UV-Vis漫反射谱测定显示它们在可见光区均呈现极强的吸收特征. 紫外光照射下甲基橙的光催化降解脱色实验表明, 三种钛酸铋化合物均具有较强的光催化活性, 其中, Bi₁₂TiO₂₀的光催化活性最强, 几乎与P-25相同. 钛酸铋化合物光催化性能的不同在于它们具有不同的晶相结构和电子结构.     

Application of thermal analysis to study of the synthesis of K0.5Bi0.5Tio3 ferroelectric

Synthesis of potassium bismuth titanate ferroelectric by heating of mixtures prepared using oxide precursors, i.e. Bi₂O₃, TiO₂ and K₂CO₃ was investigated. DTA, TG, XRD and SEM methods were used to study the formation of intermediate compounds and the final product. Usage of associated homogenization and grinding of precursors mixture permits to decrease the temperature of formation of K_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

110K铋基超导相形成的组成条件

Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O超导材料中存在110K和80K2个超导相。其组成是Bi_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_y和Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O。但迄今为止,在按2223组成比合成的未掺杂Bi系超导材料中从未得到过纯的110K相,也未见过组成为2223,零电阻温度在100K以上材料的报道。为了探索形成110K相的最佳条件,本文以2223组成比为参考,合成了5个系列材料:Bi_xSr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_y,Bi_2Sr_xCa_2Cu_3O_y,Bi_2Sr_2Ca_xCu_3O_y,Bi_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_xO_y,Bi_i Sr_uCa_yCu_wO_s。     

BiPbSbSrCaCuO的超导电性

据报,在BiPbSrCaCuO中加Sb形成BiPbSbSrCaCuO体系的T_c可达130K。但其组成、结构、性质等均未见详细报道。我们合成了一系列BiPbSbSrCaCuO,发现了一个具有2212相结构、但T_c却为～110K的超导相。 试样制备包括将Bi_2O_3,PbO,Sb_2O_3,SrCO_3,CaO和CuO(AR级)混匀、碾磨、于