Purification of neutral protease by dye affinity chromatography

Twenty triazinic dyes were assayed as ligands for the chromatographic affinity purification of a neutral protease from Flavourzyme^™, a commercial preparation. Screening at pH 4.0 allowed the selection of eight dyes on the basis of their high protease adsorption. When the pH was set to 5.0 in order to increase selectivity, only Yellow HE-4R, Red HE-3B, and Cibacron Blue F3G-A maintained protease adsorption at high values. Neither maximum capacities nor dissociation constants calculated from isotherms measured at 8 and 25°C showed great differences. By contrast, a strong temperature effect was evidenced in the elution step: elution at 8°C allowed 70, 81, and 98% recovery of adsorbed protease with Yellow HE-4R, Red HE-3B, and Cibacron Blue F3G-A, respectively, whereas only 20% recovery was attained at 25°C. Based on the results obtained, a purification process for the neutral protease contained in Flavourzyme with Cibacron Blue F3G-A as the affinity ligand was developed, yielding 96% of electrophoretically pure enzyme in a single step, the specific activity rising from 850 to 3650 U/mg.     

Use of cluster expansion techniques in quantum chemistry. A linear response model for calculating energy differences

In this paper we have reviewed the theoretical framework of the coupled-cluster (cc) based linear response model as a tool for directly calculating energy differences of spectroscopic interest like excitation energy (ee), ionisation potential (ip) or electron affinity (ea). In this model, the ground state of a many-electron system is described as in a coupled cluster theory for closed shells. The electronic ground state is supposed to interact with an external photon field of frequencyw, and the poles of the linear response function as a function ofw furnish with the elementary excitations of the system. Depending on the general form of the coupling term chosen, appropriate difference energies like ee, ip or EA may be generated. Pertinent derivations of the general working equations are reviewed, and specific details as well as approximations for ee, ip or ea are indicated. It is shown that the theory bears a close resemblance to the equation of motion (eom) method but is superior to the latter in that the ground state correlation is taken to all orders and may be looked upon as essentially a variant of renormalisedtda. A perturbative analysis elucidating the underlying perturbative structure of the formulation is also given which reveals that the theory has a hybrid structure: the correlation terms are treated akin to an open shellmbpt, while the relaxation terms are treated akin to a Green function theory. A critique of the methodvis-a-vis other cc-based approaches for difference energies forms the concluding part of our review.     

自由体积与亲水性对环氧涂层防护性能的影响

报道了涂层聚合物自由体积和亲水性对涂层腐蚀防护性能影响的初步研究结果.实验表明,相对于自由体积,树脂的亲水性是决定树脂吸水率的更主要因素.低亲水性涂层腐蚀防护性能的提高主要源自到达涂层/金属界面的水量的显著降低.但由于采用活性酯固化的环氧树脂涂层中水通道的尺寸相对较大,水合离子扩散较容易,因此该类涂层覆盖下的金属基体被润湿部分的腐蚀趋势反而较一般涂层为大.     

应变速率和电位对应力腐蚀裂纹扩展的影响

以滑移-溶解-再钝化模型为基础,推导出应力腐蚀裂纹扩展速率与裂尖应变速率和电位之间的理论公式.计算表明,在裂纹扩展速率与裂尖应变速率的关系曲线中有两个特征区域.裂纹扩展速率在区域I随裂尖应变速率增加而增大,而在区域II不随裂尖应变速率的改变而变化.用慢应变速率拉伸技术（SSRT）测量了304L不锈钢的裂纹增长速率.当电位控制在区域II的阳极区时,理论计算的裂纹扩展速率与实验得到的结果比较吻合.     

Partial least-squares regression and fuzzy clustering — A joint approach

Chemical and physical analyses of malt, the main ingredient of beer, have been used to predict the concentration of certain volatile compounds in the finished beer.The prediction was done by means of the partial least squares regression (PLS2) in SIMCA. The total data set as well as individual malt clusters were submitted to PLS analysis. Best prediction was obtained by separating the total object matrix in classes according to similarity found by fuzzy pattern recognition (FCV). FCV was also used to separate the beer variables in classes and to select the subset of variables to be predicted.A joint approach of fuzzy pattern recognition to identify groups of samples and SIMCA-PLS2 to predict several dependent variables is suggested as a powerful tool in process-analytical chemistry.     

Clustering of chemical databases by means of the projection of maximum overlapping sets similarity measurements onto multidimensional spaces

In this paper, we propose a new method for clustering of chemical databases based on the representation of measurements of structural similarity onto multidimensional spaces. The proposed method permits the tuning of the clustering process through the selection of the dimension of the projection space, the normal vectors and the sensibility of the projection process. The structural similarity of each element regarding to the database elements is projected onto the defined spaces generating clusters that represent the characteristics and diversity of the database and whose size and characteristics can be easily adjusted.     

极化效应指数与脂肪族胺、醇和醚气相碱性的关系

脂肪族胺、醇和醚的气相质子亲合能(PA)与N, O原子所带电荷(qx)以及烷基的极化效应指数(PEI)的关系可表示为其中a、b、c为系数。回归分析结果表明, 上式较好地表达了脂肪族胺、醇和醚的气相碱性变化规律。     

The unimolecular chemistry of protonated glycine and the proton affinity of glycine: a computational model

The potential energy hypersurface of protonated glycine, GH⁺, has been investigated. The calculated G2(MP2) value for the proton affinity (PA) of glycine, PA _calc=895kJ mol⁻¹, is in good agreement with the experimental value which has been estimated to lie in the range 864kJ mol⁻¹ < PA _exp <891kJ mol⁻¹. Ab initio quantum chemical calculations of relevant parts of the potential energy surface of GH⁺ give a reaction model which is consistent with the observed mass spectrometric fragmentation pattern. The lowest energy unimolecular reactions of GH⁺ are two distinct processes: (1) loss of CO, which has a substantial barrier for the reverse reaction, and (2) loss of CO plus H₂O, which has no barrier for the reverse reaction. Received: 15 November 1996 / Accepted: 6 May 1997     

C5,5—取代基对海因质子亲合能的影响

文章对５种碳五位（Ｃ５）的不同取代基海因的质子北合能（ＰＡ）,在亚稳状态下采用“动能法”进行了研究。以５,５－甲基海因作为参照,确定了５种样品亲质子能的顺序。     

Tetrakis(thiadiazolo)porphyrazines. 3. Acid-base Properties and Stability of Tetrakis-3,4-(1,2,5-thiadiazolo)porphyrazine in Sulfuric Acid Solutions

AM1 calculations gave the proton affinities of different types of donor sites in tetrakis-3,4-(1,2,5-thiadiazolo)porphyrazine, H₂{[SN₂)₄PA}, and protonation of the meso-nitrogen atoms was found to be favored. A spectrometric study showed that the basicity of the meso-nitrogen atoms of the porphyrazine macrocycle is strongly diminished and these atoms in CF₃CO₂H are involved in an incomplete acid-base interaction (ABI) to give acid solvates, while a complete ABI (protonation) is found only in the presence of sulfuric acid. The basicity constants of the meso-nitrogen atoms were determined spectrophotometrically in CF₃CO₂H-H₂SO₄. The kinetics of decomposition of the macrocyclic chromophore in concentrated sulfuric acid was studied and a possible mechanism for this process was proposed.__________Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 278–287, February, 2005.