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101.
102.
In perovskite solar cells and optoelectronics, perovskite film morphology controls the performance of the device. Various methods have been developed to control the morphology and coverage of the perovskite films. In this article platelet type perovskite morphlogy was synthesized using low temperature vacuum impregnation of the perovskite solution CH3NH3PbI3 resulting in complete coverage on TiO2 film. Vacuum impregnation synthesis of perovskites has the advantage of low cost and low temperature which faciliates application in flexible electronics and solar cells. 相似文献
103.
Tin is a typical residual element in steel and mainly originates from Sn-containing complex iron ore and steel scrap. The segregation of Sn in steel is harmful to the performances of steel. In this paper, the micro-segregation of residual element Sn during the solidification process of boiler and pressure vessel steel by micro-segregation model was studied. The results showed that the micro-segregation degree of Sn reduces apparently with the increase of cooling rate and remarkably deteriorates during the solidification process. When the initial content of C is higher than 0.1%, it will cause the solidification transform of the solid phase converting from the ferrite phase to austenite phase and the significant increase in the micro-segregation degree of Sn. However, increasing the initial contents of Si, Mn, P and S separately has non-significant effects on the micro-segregation degree of Sn. In addition, the improvement of initial content of Sn will lead to the micro-segregation degree decrease of Sn and has an inapparent impact on zero strength temperature and zero ductility temperature of the boiler and pressure vessel steel. 相似文献
104.
参照相关标准,对聚变装置真空室超压保护系统(VVPSS)中爆破片进行了选型。结合VVPSS的工作要求,完成了爆破片的设计计算,初步得到爆破片直径为882mm,厚度为1mm。利用有限元分析软件对多种型号爆破片进行结构分析比较,最终选用了反拱环向开缝型爆破片。对最终选定的爆破片进行优化设计,使其达到设计要求。 相似文献
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107.
Kenji Takizawa Akifumi Takahashi Kazuaki Tokuhashi Shigeo Kondo Akira Sekiya 《Journal of fluorine chemistry》2008,129(8):713-719
Burning velocity measurements of six types of fluoropropanes including structural isomers were carried out in order to understand the flammability of hydrofluorocarbons (HFC). The burning velocity (Su) was determined by applying a spherical flame model to the pressure rise during combustion, which was measured at room temperature and at initial pressures of 80-107 kPa over a wide range of HFC/air concentrations. The maximum Su of 1-fluoropropane (HFC-281fa), 2-fluoropropane (HFC-281ea), 1,3-difluoropropane (HFC-272fa), 2,2-difluoropropane (HFC-272ca), 1,2,3-trifluoropropane (HFC-263ea), and 1,1,1-trifluoropropane (HFC-263fb) was 35.0, 31.8, 31.9, 21.2, 25.7, and 14.5 cm s−1, respectively. Note that the maximum Su of HFC-263ea was appreciably higher than that of HFC-272ca, which shows the importance of the F-atom distribution, as well as of the F/H ratio in the HFC molecule. The results of equilibrium calculation for these HFCs showed that Su is positively correlated with the flame temperature and the concentrations of the active chain carriers H and OH in the flame. We conducted a trial to interpret the magnitude of Su by means of the effects of substituents for C1-C3 HFCs. As a result, it has been found that the order of inhibition efficiency for Su decreases in the order of CF3 > CF2 > CF. 相似文献
108.
As an Hg-free lamp using phosphor, the Bi3+ and Eu3+ co-doped Y2O2S phosphors were prepared and their luminescence properties under vacuum ultraviolet(VUV) excitation were investigated. The VUV photoluminescent intensity of Y2O2S:Eu3+ was weak, however, considerably stronger red emission at 626 nm with good color purity was observed in Y2O2S:Eu3+,Bi3+ systems. Investigation on the photoluminescence reveals that the strong VUV luminescence of Y2O2S:Eu3+,Bi3+ at 147 nm is mainly because the Bi3+ acts as a med... 相似文献
109.
WANG Zhi-long WANG Yu-hua ZHANG Jia-chi 《高等学校化学研究》2008,24(6):679-682
As an Hg-free lamp using phosphor, the Bi^3+ and EH^3+ co-doped Y2O2S phosphors were prepared and their luminescence properties under vacuum ultraviolet(VUV) excitation were investigated. The VUV photoluminescent intensity of Y2O2S:Eu^3+ was weak, however, considerably stronger red emission at 626 nm with good color purity was observed in Y2O2S:Eu^3+,Bi^3+ systems. Investigation on the photoluminescence reveals that the strong VUV luminescence of Y2O2S:Eu^3+,Bi^3+ at 147 nm is mainly because the Bi^3+ acts as a medium and effectively performs the energy transfer process: Y^3+-O^2-→Bi^3+→Eu^3+, while the intense emission band at 172 nm is attributed to the absorption of the characteristic ^1So-^1P1 transition of Bi^3+ and the direct energy transfer from Bi^3+ to Eu^3+. The Y2O2S:Eu^3+,Bi^3+ shows excellent VUV optical properties compared with the commercial (Y,Gd)BO3:Eu^3+. Thus, the Y2O2S:Eu^3+,Bi^3+ can be a potential red VUV-excited candidate applied in Hg-free lamps for backlight of liquid crystal display. 相似文献
110.
A vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) model has been developed and validated with experimental data. The model consists of an extended transport model for the VMD process and is able to predict the effects of concentration and temperature polarization on the overall process performance. To validate the model, first it was tested with few experimental case studies from literature [S. Bandini, G.G. Sarti, Heat and mass transport resistances in vacuum membrane distillation per drop, AIChE J. 45 (7) (1999) 1422–1433; K.W. Lawson, D.R. Lloyd, Membrane distillation. I. Module design and performance evaluation using vacuum membrane distillation, J. Membr. Sci. 120 (1996) 111–121; A.M. Urtiaga, G. Ruiz, I. Ortiz, Kinetic analysis of the vacuum membrane distillation of chloroform from aqueous solutions, J. Membr. Sci. 165 (2000) 99–110]. Then the VMD model has been validated with experimental data collected from the recovery of aroma compounds from black currant [R.B. Jørgensen, A.S. Meyer, C. Varming, G. Jonsson, Recovery of volatile aroma compounds from black currant juice by vacuum membrane distillation, J. Food Eng. 64 (2004) 23–31]. In this work, recovery of 12 characteristic volatile aroma compounds from black currant juice has been studied. The simulated results from the VMD model, in terms of aroma concentration in the permeate have been compared with those obtained from laboratory experiments. The validated model has been used to study the effects of various process and membrane parameters on the concentration factor. The physical properties of various aroma compounds have been predicted using group contribution method as a function of temperature. 相似文献