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81.
Diblock copolymers, which are heterogeneous in both molar mass and composition, can be fully characterized by using two-dimensional chromatography. Since the size-exclusion, the adsorption, and the critical interaction based modes of chromatography are possible for each of the polymers A and B, this leads to a variety of options for 2D-chromatography of copolymers AB. Using the theory of chromatography of block copolymers, 2D-chromatograms are simulated that correspond to the most interesting of these options. Orthogonal 2D-chromatograms are expected, if in the 1st dimension the critical condition is created for A, while in the 2nd dimension – for B. The situations, where A and B are both adsorbable, as well as those where the conditions of adsorption for A and SEC for B are created, are also considered. In particular, it is shown that the 2nd dimension combination of the critical condition for A and SEC – for B is preferable than that with SEC condition for both A and B. The simulated 2D-chromatograms of low- and high molar mass diblock copolymers, as well as of copolymers with one short block are compared with the reported real ones; it is concluded that the corresponding virtual and real 2D-chromatograms are qualitatively very similar. 相似文献
82.
在二维空间中,讨论了一类Boussinesq水波系统并用初值中出现的小参数的级数形式表示了此系统的确切解,得到了此解的长时间渐近行为按指数衰减. 相似文献
83.
Pierre-Henri Chavanis 《Physica A》2007,384(2):392-412
We show that the critical mass Mc=8π of bacterial populations in two dimensions in the chemotactic problem is the counterpart of the critical temperature Tc=GMm/4kB of self-gravitating Brownian particles in two-dimensional gravity. We obtain these critical values by using the Virial theorem or by considering stationary solutions of the Keller-Segel model and Smoluchowski-Poisson system. We also consider the case of one-dimensional systems and develop the connection with the Burgers equation. Finally, we discuss the evolution of the system as a function of M or T in bounded and unbounded domains in dimensions d=1, 2 and 3 and show the specificities of each dimension. This paper aims to point out the numerous analogies between bacterial populations, self-gravitating Brownian particles and, occasionally, two-dimensional vortices. 相似文献
84.
Manuk G. Barseghyan Albert A. Kirakosyan 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2005,28(4):471-481
The quantum states and energy spectrum of an electron in a rectangular step quantum well in a magnetic field parallel to the plane of two-dimensional electronic gas are investigated. It is shown that the joint effect of a magnetic field and confining potential of quantum well results in radical change of the electron energy spectrum. The energy dependencies on the parameters of the quantum well and magnetic field induction are investigated. Numerical calculations are carried out for an AlAs/ GaAlAs/ GaAs/ AlAs step quantum well. 相似文献
85.
XIONG YUE-SHAN 《高校应用数学学报(英文版)》1994,9(2):153-167
THE ERRORS ESTIMATION OF THE CHEBYSHEV SPECTRAL-DIFFERENCE METHOD FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL VORTICITY EQUATIONTHEERRORSESTIMATIONOF... 相似文献
86.
回生是淀粉加工、运输和储藏过程中的重要理化性质,快速检测淀粉回生程度对淀粉制品的品质和保质期有重要意义。为了探究二维相关光谱法(2D-COS)优选回生淀粉特征变量的可行性,研究结合2D-COS和光谱融合技术对小麦淀粉的回生特性进行定量表征。首先,将不同回生时间的小麦淀粉测定结晶度和回生度,从淀粉体系中晶体含量和对淀粉酶水解抗性的角度表征淀粉回生特性。然后,分别采集样品的近红外和中红外光谱数据,对采集的原始光谱进行Savitzky-Golay平滑和标准正态变量变换预处理后,结合偏最小二乘法分别基于近红外光谱、中红外光谱和融合光谱构建全光谱的预测模型。在此基础上,以回生天数为外部扰动,分别选取回生0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21和35 d的10条淀粉光谱进行2D-COS分析。通过分析同步谱和自相关谱,辨识了近红外13个和中红外11个与回生特性有关的特征波长。最后,基于这些特征波长进一步建立回生度和结晶度的预测模型。结果表明,全光谱模型结果中,光谱融合后的模型预测效果较好,结晶度模型的相对分析误差(RPD)值由1.203 4和2.069 0提高至3.980 9,回生度... 相似文献
87.
In this paper, we introduce the two-dimensional continuous wavelet transform for the automated strain analysis of the moiré
interference fringe pattern. The Fourier transform method has been widely used for automated analysis of an optical interference
fringe pattern. However, this method is hardly applicable to the analysis of the fringe pattern, which includes large displacement
range or discontinuities. We show the advantages of the wavelet transform method by applying it to experimental results on
composite laminates. 相似文献
88.
A. Agapiou E. Zorba K. Mikedi L. McGregor C. Spiliopoulou M. Statheropoulos 《Analytica chimica acta》2015
Field experiments were devised to mimic the entrapment conditions under the rubble of collapsed buildings aiming to investigate the evolution of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during the early dead body decomposition stage. Three pig carcasses were placed inside concrete tunnels of a search and rescue (SAR) operational field terrain for simulating the entrapment environment after a building collapse. The experimental campaign employed both laboratory and on-site analytical methods running in parallel. The current work focuses only on the results of the laboratory method using thermal desorption coupled to comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TD-GC × GC-TOF MS). The flow-modulated TD-GC × GC-TOF MS provided enhanced separation of the VOC profile and served as a reference method for the evaluation of the on-site analytical methods in the current experimental campaign. Bespoke software was used to deconvolve the VOC profile to extract as much information as possible into peak lists. In total, 288 unique VOCs were identified (i.e., not found in blank samples). The majority were aliphatics (172), aromatics (25) and nitrogen compounds (19), followed by ketones (17), esters (13), alcohols (12), aldehydes (11), sulfur (9), miscellaneous (8) and acid compounds (2). The TD-GC × GC-TOF MS proved to be a sensitive and powerful system for resolving the chemical puzzle of above-ground “scent of death”. 相似文献
89.
Lanthanum modified materials have been widely used for the removal of hazardous anions.In this study,in situ ATR-FTIR and two-dimensional correlation analysis were employed to investigate the adsorption mechanism of arsenate(As(V)) on lanthanum-impregnated activated alumina(LAA).Our results showed that electrostatic interaction attracted As(V) anions to the LAA surface,and then As(V) could form monodentate configuration on the LAA surface at pH 5-9.The result of 2D-COS showed that two coexistent adsorbed As(V) species,H2AsO4- and HAsO42-,were adsorbed on the LAA surface without specific sequence at different pH conditions,indicating a negligible role of the incorporated protons of As(V) on the adsorption affinity to LAA surface.The results of this study reveal insights into LAA surface complexes on the molecular scale and provide theoretical support to new metal oxides design for efficient arsenic removal. 相似文献
90.
Metal binding of organic ligands can definitely affect its environmental behavior in waters, while information on the binding heterogeneity with different organic ligands is still lacked till now. In this study, the binding of zinc with organic matters associated with cyanobacterial blooms, including dissolved organic matters (DOM) and attached organic matters (AOM), were studied by using fluorescence quenching titration combined with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS). Metal-induced fluorescent quenching was obviously observed both for DOM and AOM, indicating the formation of metal-ligand complexes. Compared with the one-dimensional spectra, 2D-COS revealed the sequences of metal-ligand interaction with the following orders: 276 nm > 232 nm for DOM and 232 nm > 276 nm for AOM. Furthermore, the modified Stern-Volmer model showed that the binding constant (log KM) of 276 nm in DOM was higher than that of 232 nm (4.93 vs. 4.51), while AOM was characterized with a high binding affinity for 232 nm (log KM: 4.83). The ranks of log KM values were consistent with the sequential orders derived from 2D-COS results both for the two samples. Fluorescence quenching titration combined with 2D-COS was an effective method to characterize the metal-ligand interaction. 相似文献