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51.
《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2004,36(9):1304-1313
For rough heterogeneous samples, the contrast observed in XPS images may result from both changes in elemental or chemical composition and sample topography. Background image acquisition and subtraction are frequently utilized to minimize topographical effects so that images represent concentration variations in the sample. This procedure may significantly increase the data acquisition time. Multivariate statistical methods can assist in resolving topographical and chemical information from multispectral XPS images. Principal component analysis (PCA) is one method for identification of the highest correlation/variation between the images. Topography, which is common to all of the images, will be resolved in the first most significant component. The score of this component contains spatial information about the topography of the surface, whereas the loading is a quantitative representation of the topography contribution to each elemental/chemical image. The simple‐to‐use self‐modelling mixture analysis (Simplisma) method is a pure variable method that searches for the source of most differences in the data and therefore has the potential to distinguish between chemical and topographical phases in images. The mathematical background correction scheme is developed and validated by comparing results to the experimental background correction for samples with differing degrees of topography. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
52.
A simple and accurate algorithm (phase scanning method) is proposed for 3D surface contouring and dynamic response determination of a vibrating object. A sinusoidal fringe pattern is projected onto a low-frequency vibrating object by a programmable liquid crystal display projector. The fringe patterns are captured by a high-speed CCD camera with a telecentric gauging lens. Phase values are evaluated point by point using phase scanning method. From the phase values of each point on the object, the contour of the specimen at different instants of vibration can be retrieved. In this paper, a small vibrating coin is used to demonstrate the validity of the method and the experimental results are compared with test results on a stationary coin using four-step phase shifting and fast Fourier transform methods. The technique is especially useful in applications where the vibrating object has a complicated shape. 相似文献
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激光水下扫描成像系统的图像修正机理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
同步扫描系统可以克服后向散射,但同时也产生了两种非线性,一是扫描线速度的非线性,一是由于距离对光能衰减造成的非线性,两种非线性都需要修正,本文从原理上讨论水下激光成像时能量衰减的修正原理与修正方法,并给出仿真结果。 相似文献
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Benson真有效意义下集值优化的广义最优性条件 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
本文引入了关于集值映射的α-阶Clarke切导数、α-阶邻接切导数及α-阶 伴随切导数的概念,借此建立了约束向量集值优化Benson真有效解导数型的Kuhn- Tucker条件. 相似文献
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Nicholas Buchdahl 《Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry》2003,23(2):189-204
The classical conjectures of Weil on K3 surfaces – that the set of suchsurfaces is connected; that a version of the Torelli theorem holds; thateach such surface is Kähler; and that the period map issurjective – are reconsidered in the light of a generalisation of theNakai–Moishezon criterion, and short proofs of all the conjectures aregiven. Most of the proofs apply equally or with minor variation tocomplex 2-tori, the only other compact Kähler surfaces with trivialcanonical bundle. 相似文献
60.
By using the methods of the matrix decomposition and expansion of the hard-edged aperture function into a finite sum of complex Gaussian functions, the recurrence propagation expressions for a flattened Gaussian beam (FGB) through multi-apertured optical imaging systems of B = 0 are derived and illustrated with numerical examples. Comparisons with the straightforward numerical integration of the Collins formula and with the previous work are made. It is shown that the main advantages of our methods and results are the more accuracy and great reduction of computer time. 相似文献