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61.
Electron beam processing of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films is found to promote significant changes in the melting heat, intrinsic viscosity and polymer film-liquid (water, isooctane and toluene) boundary surface tension. These properties are featured with several maximums depending on the absorbed dose and correlating with the modification of PET surface functionality. Studies using adsorption of acid-base indicators and IR-spectroscopy revealed that the increase of PET surface hydrophilicity is determined by the oxidation of methylene and methyne groups. Electron beam treatment of PET films on the surface of N-vinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution provided graft copolymerization with this comonomer at optimum process parameters (energy 700 keV, current 1 mA, absorbed dose 50 kGy). 相似文献
62.
X. Yang 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(10):3647-3657
The room-temperature adsorption and thermally induced processes of propionic acid and pyruvic acid on Ni(1 0 0) have been investigated by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Computational vibrational analysis of the optimized bidentate structures for acid-Ni model complexes (involving the organic acid and a Ni atom) has been performed by using the two-layer ONIOM method with the Density Functional Theory and used to interpret the vibrational EELS data. Dehydrogenation of the hydroxyl group is found to result in bonding of the carboxylate group in the propionate and pyruvate adspecies to either a single Ni surface atom in a bidentate configuration or two neighbouring Ni atoms in a bridge configuration. Given the similarities in the total energies and related vibrational frequencies obtained by the calculations in the case of pyruvate adspecies, it is difficult to differentiate the alternate adsorption structure, in which the keto O and hydroxyl O atoms are bonded to a Ni atom in a five-member chelate ring configuration. Furthermore, temperature-dependent EELS studies show that both the propionate and pyruvate adspecies could decompose upon annealing to above 400 K and further dissociate to CO adspecies above 550 K and to C and/or O above 600 K. 相似文献
63.
R. Jayakumar Y.‐S. Lee S. Nanjundan 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2003,41(18):2865-2878
The calcium salt of mono(hydroxyethoxyethyl)phthalate [Ca(HEEP)2] was synthesized by the reaction of diethylene glycol, phthalic anhydride, and calcium acetate. Calcium‐containing poly(urethane ether)s (PUEs) were synthesized by the reaction of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) or tolylene 2,4‐diisocyanate (TDI) with a mixture of Ca(HEEP)2 and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG300 or PEG400) with di‐n‐butyltin dilaurate as a catalyst. A series of calcium‐containing PUEs of different compositions were synthesized with Ca(HEEP)2/PEG300 (or PEG400)/diisocyanate (HMDI or TDI) molar ratios of 2:2:4, 3:1:4, and 1:3:4 so that the coating properties of the PUEs could be studied. Blank PUEs without calcium‐containing ionic diols were also prepared by the reaction of PEG300 or PEG400 with HMDI or TDI. The PUEs were well characterized by Fourier transform infrared, 1H and 13C NMR, solid‐state cross‐polarity/magic‐angle‐spinning 13C NMR, viscosity, solubility, and X‐ray diffraction studies. The thermal properties of the polymers were also studied with thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The PUEs were applied as top coats on acrylic‐coated leather, and their physicomechanical properties were also studied. The coating properties of PUEs, such as the tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength, water vapor permeability, flexing endurance, cold crack resistance, abrasion resistance, color fastness, and adhesive strength, were better than the standard values. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 2865–2878, 2003 相似文献
64.
Wenbing Hu Alexander Buzin Jar‐Shyong Lin Bernhard Wunderlich 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2003,41(4):403-417
The annealing at 373 K of ultrastrong, gel‐spun polyethylene (PE) has been studied. At this temperature, the fibers show no significant shrinkage. Still, a significant decrease in the mechanical properties is observed. The fibers have been analyzed with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), temperature‐modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS). During the annealing, the glass transition of the intermediate phase is exceeded, as shown by DSC. When split for structure analysis by AFM, the annealed fibers undergo plastic deformation around the base fibrils instead of brittle fracture. The quasi‐isothermal TMDSC experiments are compared to the minor structural changes seen with SAXS and AFM. The loss of performance of the PE fibers at 373 K is suggested to be caused by the oriented intermediate phase, and not by major changes in the structure or morphology. The overall metastable, semicrystalline structure is shown by TMDSC to posses local regions that can melt reversibly. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 403–417, 2003 相似文献
65.
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) investigations has been carried out on the new family of molybdenum doped vanadium sesquioxides (V1−xMox)2−δO3. The oxidation effects were monitored from the rate of paramagnetic V4+ created when the sample is exposed to the air. The effects of the oxidation time, sample temperature, and annealing at 1000 °C under a diluted hydrogen atmosphere on the EPR signal features are analyzed. The V4+ concentration in the oxidized samples is determined and the relaxation effects driven by the conduction electrons are pointed out from the thermal behaviour of the EPR line features. EPR spectra of all the oxidized samples also reveal a small ferromagnetic contribution strongly correlated with the V4+ content. 相似文献
66.
P.S Erdman M Fajardo K.M Sando W.C Stwalley 《Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer》2004,88(4):447-481
Experimental results are reported for a unique spectroscopic device called the Plasma Spectroscopy Cell. Optical absorption of lithium metal vapor was observed at high density and temperature. Absorption spectra are analyzed using theoretical calculations of absorption cross sections for lithium-helium interactions, and singlet and triplet state transitions of diatomic lithium in the visible spectral range. This is believed to be the most complex example yet calculated in which absolute bound-bound, bound-free, free-bound, and free-free contributions for all possible optically allowed transitions are all included, in quite respectable agreement with experiment. 相似文献
67.
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69.
遥感器CCD驱动器热设计及其在摄像过程中的温度变化 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
CCD驱动器是航天成像遥感器摄像过程中的主要热源之一。防止CCD驱动器过热是保证其正常工作的重要方面。介绍了遥感器的工作模式和对CCD驱动器采取的热控制措施。通过热平衡试验,利用回归的方法,对CCD驱动器在摄像过程中的温度变化规律进行了分析,同时对热控制效果进行了评估。CCD驱动器工作时升温速率在0.85℃/min左右,整个摄像过程中最高温度约为26℃,所实施的热控制措施效果理想。 相似文献
70.