Analysis of the Pressure Gradients According to Capsule Flow Mechanism

This study investigated the experimental coefficient in the mathematical correlation for the pressure gradient of spherical capsule train flow according to flow regimes. The investigation was carried out in the 1.2 × 10⁴ < Re < 1.5 × 10⁵ range and under transport concentration of 5 – 30 %. Deviation between the pressure drops measured by experiment and the mathematical correlation was calculated based on new experimental coefficients. The total pressure gradient in the two‐phase flow of the mixture was distinguished as pressure gradients caused by homogeneous flow and those caused by pressure drops, depending on the rotational movement of the capsules. The experimental findings indicate that at lower concentrations, the losses caused by the rotational movement are low, but the losses caused by the homogeneous flow are high. Losses caused by the rotational movement increase as the concentration increases.     

Nonisothermal bulk crystallization studies of high density polyethylene using light depolarizing microscopy

The quiescent nonisothermal bulk crystallization kinetics of two high-density polyethylene resins were investigated by a modified light-depolarizing microscopy (LDM) technique. The technique allows studies at average cooling rates up to 2500°C/min. The polymer was found to crystallize at a pseudo-isothermal temperature even at these very high cooling rates. The overall bulk crystallization rate increased rapidly as the cooling rate and supercooling increased. Crystallization kinetics was analyzed by Avrami analysis. Avrami exponents near 3 suggested spherical growth geometry and instantaneous nucleation at predetermined sites. Observation of spherulites by optical microscopy together with a number density of spherulites that changed little with increase in cooling rate or supercooling supported this model of crystallization behavior. Analysis of the half-time of crystallization based on the Lauritzen and Hoffman secondary nucleation theory indicated that the regime II-III transition was found to occur at a degree of supercooling of approximately 22°C. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 681–692, 1998     

往复条件下织构表面的摩擦学性能研究

为研究往复运动条件下织构表面的润滑减摩性能,选取销-盘式摩擦副,考察了0%、7%、11%和20% 4种织构密度在不同的速度下对摩擦系数的影响规律。结果表明：表面织构的引入使摩擦副在较低的速度下进入流体润滑区域,扩大了流体润滑区域的范围,这与摩擦副在相对转动条件下的结论一致;处于流体润滑区域的织构表面的摩擦系数不一定小于同等工况条件下处于混合润滑区域的无织构表面的摩擦系数;当无织构表面处于流体润滑区域时,试验所涉及的同等工况条件下的不同织构密度表面反而增大了摩擦系数。研究结果也说明了在对表面织构进行摩擦学设计时,应当考虑摩擦副的运动形式因素。     

A fractional tumor-growth model and the determination of the power law for different cancers based on data fitting

We study a fractional model for tumor growth and derive its general solution, the blow-up time and the radius of convergence. The model is simplified then to fit human data. The results show that there is a noticeable variation in the value of the scaling exponent depending on whether the model is fractional or integer. This supports the idea that the inclusion of memory effects may become relevant in the study of tumor growth via the scaling exponent.     

Burning Graphite Faster than Carbon Black: A Case of Diffusion Control

External diffusion may be exploited as a tool to purify materials in a way thought to be inaccessible from a chemical reactivity point of view. A mixture of two carbonaceous materials, graphite and carbon black, are thermally oxidized in either i) outside total diffusion-limited regime or ii) total diffusion-limited regime. Depending on the treatment applied it is possible to purify either graphite, a trivial task, or carbon black, a task thought impossible. Introducing geometrical selectivity, controlled total diffusion-limited chemistry exceeds by far the field of carbon materials and can be used as an engineering tool for many materials purification, original synthesis, or to introduce asymmetry in a system. Several examples for direct applications of the findings are mentioned.